1.简答题- (共2题)
1.
（4分）（1）20℃时，硝酸钾的溶解度为31.6g，其含义是：在20℃时，____________________
____________________________________ 。
（2）在t℃时，将一定质量的某不饱和硝酸钾溶液分成等质量的A、B两份。在恒温下，将A溶液蒸发掉5g水，析出1g晶体；在恒温下，将B溶液蒸发掉10g水，析出3g晶体。则t℃时硝酸钾的溶解度为_________g。
____________________________________ 。（2）在t℃时，将一定质量的某不饱和硝酸钾溶液分成等质量的A、B两份。在恒温下，将A溶液蒸发掉5g水，析出1g晶体；在恒温下，将B溶液蒸发掉10g水，析出3g晶体。则t℃时硝酸钾的溶解度为_________g。
2.
(6分)造纸是我国古代四大发明之一，它有效地推动了人类文明的发展。
（1）回收农田产生的秸秆作为造纸原料，可以减少焚烧秸秆带来的环境污染。秸秆的主要成分是纤维素，纤维素中C、H、O三种元素的质量比为______(用最简整数比表示)。
（2）造纸会产生大量含NaOH的碱性废水，需经处理呈中性后排放．若某造纸厂废水中NaOH的质量分数为l．6%，现有废硫酸9.8t（H2SO4的质量分数为20%），可以处理的废水质量是多少？
（1）回收农田产生的秸秆作为造纸原料，可以减少焚烧秸秆带来的环境污染。秸秆的主要成分是纤维素，纤维素中C、H、O三种元素的质量比为______(用最简整数比表示)。
（2）造纸会产生大量含NaOH的碱性废水，需经处理呈中性后排放．若某造纸厂废水中NaOH的质量分数为l．6%，现有废硫酸9.8t（H2SO4的质量分数为20%），可以处理的废水质量是多少？
2.单选题- (共8题)
7.
人体吸入的O2有2%转化为活性氧，它加速人体衰老，被称为“夺命杀手”。我国科学家尝试用Na2SeO3清除人体内的活性氧，Na2SeO3中的Se（硒）元素的化合价是
| A．＋2 | B．＋4 | C．＋6 | D．－2 |
8.
有甲、乙、丙三种纯净物，甲为黑色固体，乙、丙为无色气体。点燃时，甲既能生成乙，也能生成丙；丙点燃也能生成乙。以下关于这三种物质推断的叙述中，正确的是
| A．甲是一种化合物 | B．乙是一氧化碳 |
| C．丙是一氧化碳 | D．丙是二氧化碳 |
3.选择题- (共8题)
13.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
B
A new word duang is taking the Internet by storm in China - but no one knows quite what it means. The character “duang” is so new that it does not even exist in the Chinese dictionary. But it has already spread like wildfire online in China, appearing more than 8 million times on China's micro-blogging site Weibo, where it drew 312,000 discussions among 15,000 users. On China's biggest online search engine Baidu, it has been looked up almost 600,000 times. It's been noticed in the West too, with Foreign Policy seeing it as a “break the Internet” viral meme - like a certain Kim Kardashian image, or a certain multicoloured dress.
But what does it mean? “Everyone's duang-ing and I still don't know what it means! Looks like it's back to school for me,” said Weibo user Weileiweito. Another user asked: “Have you duanged today? My mind is full of duang duang duang.” “To duang or not to duang, that is the question,” wrote user BaiKut automan.
“Duang” seems to be an example of onomatopoeia, a word that phonetically imitates a sound. It all seems to have started with Hong Kong action star Jackie Chan, who in 2004 was featured in a shampoo advertisement where he said famously defended his smooth, black hair using the rhythmical-sounding “duang”. The word resurfaced again recently after Chan posted it on his Weibo page. Thousands of users then began to flood Chan's Weibo page with comments, making the word in reference to his infamous shampoo appearance.
The word appears to have many different meanings, and there's no perfect translation, but you could use it as an adjective to give emphasis to the word that follows it. A cat might be “duang cute”, for example. Or you might be “very duang confused” by this blog. For readers of Chinese characters, the Jackie Chan theme is also apparent from the strange way in which the word is written: a combination of Chan's names written in Chinese.
B
A new word duang is taking the Internet by storm in China - but no one knows quite what it means. The character “duang” is so new that it does not even exist in the Chinese dictionary. But it has already spread like wildfire online in China, appearing more than 8 million times on China's micro-blogging site Weibo, where it drew 312,000 discussions among 15,000 users. On China's biggest online search engine Baidu, it has been looked up almost 600,000 times. It's been noticed in the West too, with Foreign Policy seeing it as a “break the Internet” viral meme - like a certain Kim Kardashian image, or a certain multicoloured dress.
But what does it mean? “Everyone's duang-ing and I still don't know what it means! Looks like it's back to school for me,” said Weibo user Weileiweito. Another user asked: “Have you duanged today? My mind is full of duang duang duang.” “To duang or not to duang, that is the question,” wrote user BaiKut automan.
“Duang” seems to be an example of onomatopoeia, a word that phonetically imitates a sound. It all seems to have started with Hong Kong action star Jackie Chan, who in 2004 was featured in a shampoo advertisement where he said famously defended his smooth, black hair using the rhythmical-sounding “duang”. The word resurfaced again recently after Chan posted it on his Weibo page. Thousands of users then began to flood Chan's Weibo page with comments, making the word in reference to his infamous shampoo appearance.
The word appears to have many different meanings, and there's no perfect translation, but you could use it as an adjective to give emphasis to the word that follows it. A cat might be “duang cute”, for example. Or you might be “very duang confused” by this blog. For readers of Chinese characters, the Jackie Chan theme is also apparent from the strange way in which the word is written: a combination of Chan's names written in Chinese.
15.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
C
There are an extremely large number of ants worldwide. Each individual ant hardly weigh anything, but together they weigh almost the same as all of mankind. They also live nearly everywhere, except on frozen mountain tops or around the Antarctic. For animals their size, ants have been surprisingly successful, largely due to their wonderful social conduct.
In groups that vary in size from a few hundred to tens of millions, they organize their lives with a clear distribution of labor. Even more amazing is how they achieve this level of organization. While we use sound and sight to communicate, ants depend mostly on pheromone (信息素), which is a kind of chemical released by individuals and smelled or tasted by fellow members of a group. When an ant finds food, it produces a pheromone that will lead others straight to where the food is. When an ant comes under attack or is dying, it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the whole group to prepare for a defensive fight.
In fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have no equal. They are completely fearless and will take on an animal much larger than themselves, attacking in large groups and beating their target. They show so much devotion to their group that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.
United and devoted, these little animals have survived on the earth for more than 140 million years, far longer than dinosaurs. Because they think as one, they have a united intelligence greater than you would expect from one small individual ant.
C
There are an extremely large number of ants worldwide. Each individual ant hardly weigh anything, but together they weigh almost the same as all of mankind. They also live nearly everywhere, except on frozen mountain tops or around the Antarctic. For animals their size, ants have been surprisingly successful, largely due to their wonderful social conduct.
In groups that vary in size from a few hundred to tens of millions, they organize their lives with a clear distribution of labor. Even more amazing is how they achieve this level of organization. While we use sound and sight to communicate, ants depend mostly on pheromone (信息素), which is a kind of chemical released by individuals and smelled or tasted by fellow members of a group. When an ant finds food, it produces a pheromone that will lead others straight to where the food is. When an ant comes under attack or is dying, it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the whole group to prepare for a defensive fight.
In fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have no equal. They are completely fearless and will take on an animal much larger than themselves, attacking in large groups and beating their target. They show so much devotion to their group that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.
United and devoted, these little animals have survived on the earth for more than 140 million years, far longer than dinosaurs. Because they think as one, they have a united intelligence greater than you would expect from one small individual ant.
16.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
C
There are an extremely large number of ants worldwide. Each individual ant hardly weigh anything, but together they weigh almost the same as all of mankind. They also live nearly everywhere, except on frozen mountain tops or around the Antarctic. For animals their size, ants have been surprisingly successful, largely due to their wonderful social conduct.
In groups that vary in size from a few hundred to tens of millions, they organize their lives with a clear distribution of labor. Even more amazing is how they achieve this level of organization. While we use sound and sight to communicate, ants depend mostly on pheromone (信息素), which is a kind of chemical released by individuals and smelled or tasted by fellow members of a group. When an ant finds food, it produces a pheromone that will lead others straight to where the food is. When an ant comes under attack or is dying, it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the whole group to prepare for a defensive fight.
In fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have no equal. They are completely fearless and will take on an animal much larger than themselves, attacking in large groups and beating their target. They show so much devotion to their group that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.
United and devoted, these little animals have survived on the earth for more than 140 million years, far longer than dinosaurs. Because they think as one, they have a united intelligence greater than you would expect from one small individual ant.
C
There are an extremely large number of ants worldwide. Each individual ant hardly weigh anything, but together they weigh almost the same as all of mankind. They also live nearly everywhere, except on frozen mountain tops or around the Antarctic. For animals their size, ants have been surprisingly successful, largely due to their wonderful social conduct.
In groups that vary in size from a few hundred to tens of millions, they organize their lives with a clear distribution of labor. Even more amazing is how they achieve this level of organization. While we use sound and sight to communicate, ants depend mostly on pheromone (信息素), which is a kind of chemical released by individuals and smelled or tasted by fellow members of a group. When an ant finds food, it produces a pheromone that will lead others straight to where the food is. When an ant comes under attack or is dying, it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the whole group to prepare for a defensive fight.
In fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have no equal. They are completely fearless and will take on an animal much larger than themselves, attacking in large groups and beating their target. They show so much devotion to their group that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.
United and devoted, these little animals have survived on the earth for more than 140 million years, far longer than dinosaurs. Because they think as one, they have a united intelligence greater than you would expect from one small individual ant.
4.填空题- (共2题)
19.
（1）将元素、分子、原子、离子、中子或电子，选择正确的填入下列空格内：Na与Na+属于同一种___________；带电的原子或原子团叫___________。
（2）在SO2、NaOH、粉尘、CO2、甲醇、CO几种物质中，选择正确的填入下列空格内：饮用假酒引起中毒导致眼睛失明，是由于假酒中含有___________的原因；用煤炉取暖时发生中毒，原因之一是由于室内___________排放不畅而引起的；煤中一般都含有硫元素，煤燃烧时会产生污染空气的___________气体。
（2）在SO2、NaOH、粉尘、CO2、甲醇、CO几种物质中，选择正确的填入下列空格内：饮用假酒引起中毒导致眼睛失明，是由于假酒中含有___________的原因；用煤炉取暖时发生中毒，原因之一是由于室内___________排放不畅而引起的；煤中一般都含有硫元素，煤燃烧时会产生污染空气的___________气体。
20.
人类生活和工农业生产都离不开水，下图是自来水厂净化水的过程示意图：
请根据图示回答下列问题：
（1）自来水厂生产自来水时，使用的净水方法有___________（填序号）。
（2）取水后加入絮凝剂（明矾）的作用是________________________________________。
（3）自来水厂用ClO2消毒，漂白粉2可用于饮用水消毒。工业上制备漂白粉的化学方程式为：2Cl2＋2Ca(OH)2=X＋Ca(ClO)2＋2H2O, X的化学式为 。
（4）节约用水人人有责，请举出一种节水的措施________________________________。
请根据图示回答下列问题：
（1）自来水厂生产自来水时，使用的净水方法有___________（填序号）。
| A．沉淀 | B．过滤 | C．煮沸 | D．蒸馏 E．吸附 |
（2）取水后加入絮凝剂（明矾）的作用是________________________________________。
（3）自来水厂用ClO2消毒，漂白粉2可用于饮用水消毒。工业上制备漂白粉的化学方程式为：2Cl2＋2Ca(OH)2=X＋Ca(ClO)2＋2H2O, X的化学式为 。
（4）节约用水人人有责，请举出一种节水的措施________________________________。
5.实验题- (共1题)
21.
氯化钠是生活必需品，也是重要的化工原料．提纯含少量泥沙的粗盐，一般经过以下操作流程：
（1）操作③中需要将圆形滤纸折叠处理，下列图示中不该出现的情形是_______（填序号）。
（2）操作④中除用到铁架台（带铁圈）、酒精灯、玻璃棒、坩埚钳外，还需要用到___________
等仪器．该操作中容易造成食盐固体飞溅，为尽量减少飞溅，除连续搅拌外，你认为还可采取_______________________________等措施。
（3）实验结束后称量获得的精盐，并计算精盐的制得率，发现制得率较低，其可能原因是___________（填序号）。
（1）操作③中需要将圆形滤纸折叠处理，下列图示中不该出现的情形是_______（填序号）。
（2）操作④中除用到铁架台（带铁圈）、酒精灯、玻璃棒、坩埚钳外，还需要用到___________
等仪器．该操作中容易造成食盐固体飞溅，为尽量减少飞溅，除连续搅拌外，你认为还可采取_______________________________等措施。
（3）实验结束后称量获得的精盐，并计算精盐的制得率，发现制得率较低，其可能原因是___________（填序号）。
| A．食盐没有全部溶解即过滤 | B．蒸发时食盐飞溅剧烈 |
| C．蒸发后，所得精盐很潮湿 | D．器皿上沾有的精盐没全部转移到称量纸上 |
试卷分析
-
【1】题量占比
简答题:(2道)
单选题:(8道)
选择题:(8道)
填空题:(2道)
实验题:(1道)
-
【2】：难度分析
1星难题：0
2星难题：0
3星难题：0
4星难题：2
5星难题：0
6星难题：6
7星难题：0
8星难题：5
9星难题：0