2011年初中毕业升学考试(青海西宁卷)化学

适用年级:初三
试卷号:298212

试卷类型:中考真题
试卷考试时间:2011/10/29

1.计算题(共1题)

1.
将14 g含少量杂质(杂质不溶于水,也不溶于酸)的碳酸钙固体,加入到73 g盐酸溶液中,恰好完全反应,产生CO2气体4.4 g。请计算:
(1)原固体中CaCO3的质量;
(2)所用盐酸溶液中溶质的质量分数。

2.单选题(共5题)

2.
下列变化中,属于化学变化的是( )。
A.汽油挥发
B.冰雪融化
C.食物腐败
D.湿衣服晾干
3.
下列叙述中,正确的是
A.原子的质量主要集中在原子核上
B.构成物质的微粒只有分子和原子
C.气体易被压缩,说明构成气体的分子在不断运动
D.物质在不同条件下的三态变化主要是由于分子的大小发生了变化
4.
青蒿素(化学式为C15H22O5)是我国首创的新型抗疟疾药,下列关于青蒿素的叙述错误的是( )。
A. 青蒿素属于无机物
B. 青蒿素的一个分子中含有42个原子
C. 青蒿素的相对分子质量为282
D. 青蒿素中碳元素的质量分数约为63.8%
5.
缺碘会引起甲状腺肿大,加碘食盐中碘一般以碘酸钾形式存在,其中碘的化合价为+5,则碘酸钾的化学式为( )。
A. KI
B. KIO
C. KIO3
D. KIO4
6.
下列说法中不正确的是( )。
A.糖类、油脂、蛋白质都是人体必需的营养物质
B.农业上大量使用杀虫剂以提高农作物产量
C.酸雨对农作物、建筑物等有破坏作用
D.煤、石油、天然气都是不可再生的化石燃料

3.选择题(共7题)

7.

— Thank you very much.
— ____________.

8.

Twenty-eight and twelve                              (      )

9.

根据句意及首字母提示补全所缺单词。
(1)--Thank you very much! --You’re w{#blank#}1{#/blank#} 
(2)Do you w {#blank#}2{#/blank#} a big bed or a small one for your son?
(3)I get a school bag at a very good p{#blank#}3{#/blank#} 
(4)There is a big s{#blank#}4{#/blank#}  near our school. There are many school things in it.
(5)You can b{#blank#}5{#/blank#}  some food in a supermarket (超市).

10.

    Mrs. Smith is Jim's mother. She loves her family very much.  She goes to the store every day. She often buys food, fruit and clothes for Jim and her husband(丈夫). Now many clothes are on sale at Renmin Clothes Store. They are very cheap. Mrs. Smith comes to the store and she wants to buy some clothes for her family. There they have sweaters in all colors for ¥15 each and sports shoes for only ¥28. Mrs Smith likes the red sweater and she buys one for herself. She buys a pair of sports shoes for her son. The great T-shirts in the store are just ¥18!  She buys a white one for Mr Smith. And that's not all. The socks, in all colors, are ¥2 each. She buys the socks in many colors for her family. She is really a Rood mother and a good wife (妻子)

11.

    Mrs. Smith is Jim's mother. She loves her family very much.  She goes to the store every day. She often buys food, fruit and clothes for Jim and her husband(丈夫). Now many clothes are on sale at Renmin Clothes Store. They are very cheap. Mrs. Smith comes to the store and she wants to buy some clothes for her family. There they have sweaters in all colors for ¥15 each and sports shoes for only ¥28. Mrs Smith likes the red sweater and she buys one for herself. She buys a pair of sports shoes for her son. The great T-shirts in the store are just ¥18!  She buys a white one for Mr Smith. And that's not all. The socks, in all colors, are ¥2 each. She buys the socks in many colors for her family. She is really a Rood mother and a good wife (妻子)

12.

下面是一家服衣店的广告,请你配上一段话帮助店员(shop assistant)宣传,40词左右。

Hualian Clothes Store

13.

        girls, we have many skirts,          are very nice.

4.填空题(共5题)

14.
请填写相应的化学用语或化学用语表示的意义。
(1)3个磷原子________;
(2)+2价的镁元素________;
(3)nH2O________。
15.
某化学兴趣小组的同学在老师的指导下,设计了如下实验装置进行气体制取和性质的探究,请回答有关问题:

(1)请写出图中标有字母a的仪器名称________。
(2)实验室用氯酸钾和二氧化锰混合制取氧气时,应选用的发生装置是____________(填写装置的字母代号,下同),请写出该反应的化学方程式___________________________,其中二氧化锰起________作用。
(3)实验室制取二氧化碳气体时,应选择的发生装置和收集装置是____________。请写出用澄清石灰水检验二氧化碳时发生反应的化学方程式_____________________________。
(4)如图F所示,向烧杯中倾倒二氧化碳,下层蜡烛先熄灭,上层蜡烛后熄灭,说明二氧化碳具有的性质是____________、____________且密度比空气的大。
16.
下图是初中化学中常见物质间的相互转化关系,其中A、C为单质,B、D、E为常见化合物,C是密度最小的气体,甲是最常见的溶剂。

(1)B的名称是________。
(2)A与甲反应的化学方程式为________________________________________,该反应的基本反应类型是________。
(3)实验室制取C物质的化学方程式为________________________________。
17.
(4分)今年我国南方多个省份遭受大范围持续干旱,灾区饮用水安全备受关注。
(1)除去水中难溶性固体杂质的操作是________。
(2)检验水样是硬水还是软水,可用的物质是________;测定水样的酸碱度可用________。
(3)下列关于水的说法正确的是________。
A.水是有机物,能赋予生命
B.爱护水资源,要节约用水,还要防止水体污染
C.水是由氢原子和氧原子构成的
D.水中氧元素含量很高,能提供人体所需的氧气
18.
A、B两种物质的溶解度曲线如下图。

(1)图中P点的含义是________。
(2)t2℃时,将A、B两物质的饱和溶液各100 g,分别降温到t1℃,所得A物质溶液的质量_______________(填“>”或“=”或“<”)B物质溶液的质量。
(3)欲将t2℃时B物质的饱和溶液变为不饱和溶液,可采用的方法是_______或______。

5.实验题(共1题)

19.
小明同学对标签上只能看到“SO4”的某瓶无色溶液(如下图)的成分进行如下探究:猜想其溶质可能是:
①H2SO4②Na2SO4③BaSO4

(1)根据溶解性可知,以上猜想中一定不成立的是________。
(2)小明同学直接向试剂中加入几粒锌粒,根据________________现象确定其溶质是H2SO4,并给试剂瓶贴上“H2SO4溶液”的标签。
(3)请你指出小明同学实验操作中存在的明显错误__________________________。
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    计算题:(1道)

    单选题:(5道)

    选择题:(7道)

    填空题:(5道)

    实验题:(1道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:3

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:4

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:4

    9星难题:0