1.科学探究题- (共1题)
（1）提出问题：黑色固体是什么？
（2）猜想与假设：黑色固体可能是：① ；②可能是炭粉；③可能是炭粉和氧化铜的混合物。请你补充猜想①。作出这些猜想的依据是 。
（3）实验方案：他们称取了2.22g碱式碳酸铜在试管中高温加热使之完全分解，冷却至室温，称得黑色固体产物的质量为1.6g。
（4）实验反思：① 甲同学经过思考后，认为可以排除猜想③，理由是 （用化学方程式表示）。
② 乙同学根据质量守恒定律：化学反应前后，元素的种类和质量都不变。通过对得到的数据进行计算，排除了猜想②，他的理由是（通过计算式说明） 。
(5)实验结论：结合甲、乙同学的探究和查阅资料，丙同学确认只有猜想①成立。
（6）实验拓展：丙同学想进一步探究该黑色固体的化学性质。他发现实验室有一瓶无色溶液，其标签严重破损（如图），
老师告诉他该瓶试剂是硫酸、硫酸钠或硫酸镁溶液中的一种。他通过查阅资料得知常温下这三种物质的溶解度如下表：
| 物质 | H2SO4 | Na2SO4 | MgSO4 |
| 常温下的溶解度∕g | 与水以任意比互溶 | 18.0 | 39.0 |
丙同学根据以上信息，分析此溶液一定不是 溶液。为确定其成分，他取了少量黑色固体放入试管中，然后向其中滴加了一定量的该无色溶液后，发现黑色固体全部消失，溶液由无色变为蓝色。他确定该溶液为 。其反应的化学方程式为 。
2.流程题- (共1题)
="=" NH3↑+HCl↑
根据以上信息回答下列问题。
(1)盐水精制的过程是除去溶液中各种杂质的过程。为将盐水中含有的MgCl2沉淀除去，可以向其中加入过量的烧碱．此时反应的化学方程式为 ，将混合液中不溶物除去的实验方法是 ；溶液中多余烧碱可以加 （填试剂名称）来除去，反应的化学方程式为 。
(2)氨碱工业最关键的一步是：在加压的条件下不断向饱和的氨盐水中通人二氧化碳气体，溶液中会有碳酸氢钠晶体析出。试分析该流程需要“加压”的原因是：____________。
(3)在氨碱工业的历史上，如何处理流程中剩余的氯化铵溶液，出现了两种工艺：一是“索尔维法”，即在氯化铵溶液中加入物质X (填化学式)，产生了可循环使用的氨气和大量固体废弃物氯化钙；二是我国化学家侯德榜发明的“联合制碱法”，即在氯化铵溶液中加入适量氯化钠晶体．降低了氯化铵的 ，使氯化铵晶体单独析出得到另一种产品——氮肥。氯化钠溶液则可以循环利用。
(4)在氨碱工业处理剩余的氯化铵溶液时．为何不直接蒸发结晶析出氯化铵固体?
答： 。
3.计算题- (共1题)
(1)葡萄糖酸锌由 种元素组成的。
(2)葡萄糖酸锌中锌元素的质量分数为 (计算结果精确到O．1％)。
(3)现有一支20 mL某品牌的葡萄糖酸锌口服液，其中含锌6.5mg，则该口服液中葡萄糖酸锌的质量是 mg。
(4)海产品、肉类、豆类等食物中都含有较多的锌。正常人只要通过合理膳食，就足以摄取人体所需要的锌，而无需额外服用含锌保健食品。这里“合理膳食”的含义是 。
4.单选题- (共8题)
和
的下列说法中，正确的是（）
| A．霉变的花生清洗后也不能食用 | B．禁止在奶粉中添加化工原料三聚氰胺 |
| C．少用塑料袋有利于防止“白色污染” | D．在饲料中添加“瘦肉精”以增加猪肉的瘦肉含量 |
| 选项 | 待鉴别的物质 | 鉴别方法 |
| A | 软水、硬水 | 加肥皂水，搅拌，观察产生泡沫多少 |
| B | 氯化钾、硫酸钾、磷矿粉 | 看外观，再加水，观察是否溶于水 |
| C | 氯化钠、盐酸、氢氧化钡 | 加紫色石蕊试液，观察溶液颜色变化 |
| D | 腈纶、棉纤维、羊毛纤维 | 燃烧，闻燃烧产生的气味，观察燃烧情况和灰烬 |
| A．A | B．B | C．C | D．D |
5.选择题- (共12题)
用方框所给出的单词完成短文填空。
|
drop no walk about own good send where get keep |
My uncle has a very beautiful umbrella. He has had it for years. As he is very careful with it, it still looks as {#blank#}1{#/blank#} as new. I asked my uncle if he bought it or someone {#blank#}2{#/blank#} him as a gift. He shook his head. “Then how did you get it?” I asked. “Well, ” he answered, “there is a strange true story {#blank#}3{#/blank#} the umbrella. About ten years ago, I {#blank#}4{#/blank#} along a quiet London street one evening when it suddenly rained. I had {#blank#}5{#/blank#} raincoat or umbrella. Gradually, it got quite dark. And the people in the streets were fewer and fewer. Because I was on my way to a party, I was afraid {#blank#}6{#/blank#} wet. So I stood in a doorway and waited for the rain to stop. No buses ran through the street and there were no taxis. What was worse, there even wasn't a person around, and still it rained and rained. At last a young man came to the place {#blank#}7{#/blank#} I was standing. He held a large umbrella over his head. As I hoped he would allow me to walk to the next comer with him, where I could get a taxi, I stepped out of the dark doorway where I had been standing. I asked him where he was going with that umbrella. As I suddenly appeared before him, the young man was so shocked that he{#blank#}8{#/blank#} the umbrella. He ran away and disappeared into the darkness. I picked up the umbrella and continued my walk. I knew it would be hard in this big city to find the {#blank#}9{#/blank#} of the umbrella, so I {#blank#}10{#/blank#} it ever since then.”
根据首字母提示，完成短文填空。
Cannon has shown a great interest in collecting flags. At the young age of four, Cannon began studying flags, d{#blank#}1{#/blank#} them in his coloring books and putting them up on his walls. Throughout school, he studied flags and tried to find out all he could about them. After university, Cannon s{#blank#}2{#/blank#} to be a lawyer. Throughout law school, he continued to collect flags. His classmates, friends, and family started c{#blank#}3{#/blank#} him “the flagman.”
Cannon now has more than 200 flags in his collection. He shows many of them in his downtown law office. Once he d{#blank#}4{#/blank#} country flags for an exhibition on the Olympics.
In addition to collecting flags, Cannon also w{#blank#}5{#/blank#} about them. He has published three books about flags. He loves to h{#blank#}6{#/blank#} from friends who see his b{#blank#}7{#/blank#} in stores all over the world. A few years ago, Cannon's hobby r{#blank#}8{#/blank#} a new level. He entered a flag design contest and won. The country he lives in asked him to design its f{#blank#}9{#/blank#}. Cannon explains his hobby this way, “Collecting flags is l{#blank#}10{#/blank#} collecting pieces of history.”
根据短文理解选择正确答案。
In 2002, I wrote a letter for my future self with instructions not to open until my birthday in 2014. It is 2014 now. Yesterday was my birthday and I opened it. This is what it said:
Dear Sherri,
By the time you read this, you will be 30. At the age of 18 I had many dreams about you. Right now I hope you have traveled and seen everything you've always wanted to, boat in Canada and abroad, maybe you have even settled down somewhere in France, and maybe you are working in the field of art. I hope you’re married to Gwynn—the man of your dreams. You'll probably have two children—a girl and a boy.
If everything goes okay, you'll be living in France in a big house in a small town with Gwynn and your two children. You are doing research in painting. Gwynn will be a computer programmer and you will be doing all right for yourselves.
However, if things don't go according to plan, I wish you love, happiness and joy.
Love,
Sherri “18”
When I read this, I was surprised. So much of what I wanted has come true.
I did travel to a few more places in Canada. I've traveled to the UK, Australia and Egypt. I have been living in France for nearly 4 years in a big house, in a small suburb（郊区）, in a major city. I am an art teacher in a university. I have two lovely kids.
But not everything went as what I hoped. I married a man named Tom Rees, and he is an excellent artist. We are doing all right for ourselves.
I find it cool how the dreams of a young girl can become a grown woman's reality(现实 ).
根据短文理解选择正确答案。
In 2002, I wrote a letter for my future self with instructions not to open until my birthday in 2014. It is 2014 now. Yesterday was my birthday and I opened it. This is what it said:
Dear Sherri,
By the time you read this, you will be 30. At the age of 18 I had many dreams about you. Right now I hope you have traveled and seen everything you've always wanted to, boat in Canada and abroad, maybe you have even settled down somewhere in France, and maybe you are working in the field of art. I hope you’re married to Gwynn—the man of your dreams. You'll probably have two children—a girl and a boy.
If everything goes okay, you'll be living in France in a big house in a small town with Gwynn and your two children. You are doing research in painting. Gwynn will be a computer programmer and you will be doing all right for yourselves.
However, if things don't go according to plan, I wish you love, happiness and joy.
Love,
Sherri “18”
When I read this, I was surprised. So much of what I wanted has come true.
I did travel to a few more places in Canada. I've traveled to the UK, Australia and Egypt. I have been living in France for nearly 4 years in a big house, in a small suburb（郊区）, in a major city. I am an art teacher in a university. I have two lovely kids.
But not everything went as what I hoped. I married a man named Tom Rees, and he is an excellent artist. We are doing all right for ourselves.
I find it cool how the dreams of a young girl can become a grown woman's reality(现实 ).
根据短文理解，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择正确答案填空。
If you are lazy and weak, you will never taste any success. But if you are 1, success and happiness will be more likely to come to you.
I love eating persimmons(柿子). But you can't get them until autumn. If you try them before the right time, they probably 2 bad.
In Grade Six, because of my poor grades, my parents were 3 that I wouldn't be able to get into an excellent middle school. They 4 me to study harder, but I didn't really understand why th ey were so anxious.
Summer came, and I studied hard. The hot weather made me sleepy and I couldn't concentrate on my textbooks. But every time I wanted to stop 5, Mom would shout: “Hey you! Think about your 6. If you don't work hard, you'll regret it!” I had to sit back down again and return to my textbooks. But all I thought about was playing with my friends and ea ting persimmons.
My mom would say to me, with a serious look on her face: If a persimmon tree doesn't grow in summer, it can't bear(结出) fruit in autumn! Only by hard work, you 7 get the good result of your work.”
Although I didn't understand it at that time, I gradually came to see the truth of her words. A few months later, I succeeded in getting into the key middle school. It was 8. Walking in my new school, I could see quite a few persimmon tre es. The fruit was so red that it looked as if it was on fire. Suddenly, I 9 that working hard may be bitter but its fruit is sweet.
My mom was right: If a persimmon tree doesn't grow during summer, it can't bear fruit in autumn. I smiled. I had grown through the summer 10 now it was autumn.
I tasted my success and enjoyed the fruits of my labors!
6.填空题- (共2题)
（1）A实验试管2中产生的气体是 (填化学式)，该实验证明了 。
（2）C实验说明氧气的体积约占空气的 ，下列操作不妥的是 （填序号）。
①检查装置气密性 ②实验前夹紧止水夹
③冷却后再打开止水夹 ④用硫粉代替红磷
（3）若用D装置除去O2中的水蒸气，该液体试剂为 ；医院还用此装置来观
察给病人的输氧情况，导管 填“a”或“b”）应连接病人吸氧气的塑胶管。
（4）上述实验中操作错误的是 （填字母）。
(1)将固体粉末加入足量水中，充分搅拌得到白色沉淀，上层清液为无色。由此判断，该粉末中一定不含有__________；
(2)若向上述白色沉淀中滴加足量稀硝酸，沉淀部分溶解。由不溶解的沉淀可判断出，该粉末中一定含有_______；写出沉淀部分溶解可能发生反应的一个化学方程式_______________。
(3)通过实验得出，此固体粉末的组成可能有哪几种情况(每种情况用化学式表示，可不填满)：
______________ ； _______________；_______________；___________________。
7.实验题- (共1题)
（1）写出仪器①、②的名称：①____________②________________。
（2）实验室加热氯酸钾和二氧化锰的混合物制得氧气，要收集比较纯净的氧气，应选择的
收集装置是________，该反应的化学方程式为_________________，
反应后二氧化锰在固体混合物中的质量分数将_________（填“变大”、“变小”或“不变”）。
（3）实验室用大理石和稀盐酸制取二氧化碳时应选择的发生装置为____________，该方法制得的CO2气体中常含有HCl和水蒸气。为了得到纯净、干燥的CO2气体，除杂装置的导管气流方向连接顺序是________（填序号）。
A a→b→c→d B b→a→c→d C c→d→a→b D d→c→b→a
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【1】题量占比
科学探究题:(1道)
流程题:(1道)
计算题:(1道)
单选题:(8道)
选择题:(12道)
填空题:(2道)
实验题:(1道)
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【2】：难度分析
1星难题：0
2星难题：0
3星难题：0
4星难题：5
5星难题：0
6星难题：6
7星难题：0
8星难题：0
9星难题：3