2013届辽宁省营口实验学校中考一模化学试卷

适用年级:初三
试卷号:295980

试卷类型:中考模拟
试卷考试时间:2014/1/23

1.科学探究题(共1题)

1.
某化学兴趣小组的同学将一枚洁净的铁钉放入食盐水中(如图,装置气密性良好),一段时间后,发现装置中右侧导管中的液面升高,铁钉生锈,试管底部有黑色固体物质。

[提出问题]导管中液体为何升高?黑色固体物质又是什么?
[猜想与假设]
该黑色固体可能含有:①Fe、②Fe2O3、③FeCl3、④C四种物质。
[猜想分析]
①影响右侧导管中的液面升高的物质是__________。
②不可能含有氯化铁,理由是______________。
③一定含有碳,理由是__________________。
[实验验证]
①验证黑色固体中一定含有碳,所选用的试剂是_____________。
②检验黑色固体中是否含有铁的实验方法是___________________。
结论:铁钉在食盐水中比在纯水中生锈快。

2.简答题(共1题)

2.
将16g含有杂质的锌粒投入到盛有足量稀硫酸的烧杯中(杂质跟稀硫酸不反应).测得加入锌粒前烧杯和稀硫酸的总质量为200g,反应停止后,烧杯和烧杯内剩余物的总质量为215.6g.求:   
(1)反应中生成氢气的质量为___________;   
(2)这16g含杂质的锌粒中金属锌的质量分数__________.

3.单选题(共7题)

3.
属于物理变化的是(  )
A.纸张燃烧B.食物腐烂C.浓盐酸挥发D.碳酸受热分解
4.
“亚洲玉都”“中国玉都”位于揭阳市东山区,是目前亚洲规模最大,档次最高的玉器翡翠加工基地和贸易市场.翡翠主要组成物为硅酸铝钠(宝石矿中含有超过50%以上的硅酸铝钠才被视为翡翠).请根据所学知识确定硅酸铝钠(NaAlSi2O6)中硅的化合价.()
A.+1B.+2C.+3D.+4
5.
锰和镍(Ni)都是金属元素,将镍丝插入MnSO4溶液中无变化,插入CuSO4溶液中,镍丝上有红色固体析出.Mn、Ni、Cu三种金属的活动性由强到弱的顺序是()
A.Cu、Mn、NiB.Mn、Ni、Cu
C.Ni、Cu、MnD.Mn、Cu、Ni
6.
保持温度不变,小心蒸发NaCl不饱和溶液(蒸发皿中始终有溶液),则溶液中溶质的质量分数(m%)与时间(t)的关系合理的是(   )
A.    B.     C.    D.
7.
下列知识归纳,完全正确的一组是(  )
A.物质的分类
B.生活中的化学
①合成纤维、合金都属于合成材料
②含氧元素的化合物都属于氧化物
③混合物中一定含有多种元素
①吹灭蜡烛﹣﹣隔绝空气
②洗涤剂可以除油污﹣﹣洗涤剂可以使油污乳化
③用燃烧法鉴别真假羊毛﹣﹣燃烧的现象不同
C.“低碳经济”的措施
D.用“化学”眼光分析
①改造或淘汰高能耗、高污染产业
②研制和开发新能源替代传统能源
③优化建筑设计,采光多用自然光
①硬水和软水都属于溶液
②催化剂都加快化学反应速率
③花香四溢说明分子在不停的运动
 
A. A B. B C. C D. D
8.
储存烟花爆竹的仓库应贴上的标志是(   )
A.B.C.D.
9.
2011年10月17日,重庆奉节县大树镇富发煤矿发生瓦斯爆炸,造成重大人员伤亡.这里所说的“瓦斯”的主要成分是()
A.H2B.COC.SO2D.CH4

4.选择题(共14题)

10.已知函数 {#mathml#}φ(x)=ax+1{#/mathml#} ,a为正常数.
11.

What a pleasant {#blank#}1{#/blank#}(荫,阴凉处)this tree gives us!

12.

What a pleasant {#blank#}1{#/blank#}(荫,阴凉处)this tree gives us!

13.

I carried with me for years a vague模糊的{#blank#}1{#/blank#}(印象) that he was a cold-hearted寡情的 man

14.

I carried with me for years a vague模糊的{#blank#}1{#/blank#}(印象) that he was a cold-hearted寡情的 man

15.

I carried with me for years a vague模糊的{#blank#}1{#/blank#}(印象) that he was a cold-hearted寡情的 man

16.

根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    Watching some children trying to catch butterflies one hot August afternoon, I was reminded of an incident in my own childhood.When I was a boy of 12 in South Carolina, something happened to me that cured me forever of wanting to put any wild creature in a cage.

    We lived on the edge of a wood, and every evening at dusk the mockingbirds would come and rest in the trees and sing. There isn't a musical instrument made by man that can produce a more beautiful sound than the song of the mockingbird.

    I decided that I would catch a young bird and keep it in a cage and in that way would have my own private musician.

    I finally succeeded in catching one and put it in a cage. At first, in its fright at being captured, the bird fluttered about the cage, but eventually it settled down in its new home. I felt very pleased with myself and looked forward to some beautiful singing from my tiny musician.

    I had left the cage out on our back porch, and on the second day of the bird's captivity my new pet's mother flew to the cage with food in her mouth. The baby bird ate everything she brought to it. I was pleased to see this. Certainly the mother knew better than I how to feed her baby.

    The following morning when I went to see how my captive(被俘虏的) was doing, I discovered it on the floor of the cage, dead. I was shocked! What had happened! I had taken excellent care of my little bird, or so I thought.

    Arthur Wayne, the famous ornithologist, happened to be visiting my father at the time, hearing me crying over the death of my bird, explained what had occurred. “A mother mockingbird, finding her young in a cage, will sometimes bring it poison berries. She thinks it better for her young to die than to live in captivity.”

    Never since then have I caught any living creature and put it in a cage. All living creatures have a right to live free.

17.

This method is {#blank#}1{#/blank#}(计划,打算)for debugging调试only, as it lets me compare the result of aparse 解析with expected results.

18.7、已知某个几何体的三视图如下,根据图中标出的尺寸(单位:cm),可得这个几何体的体积是
19.

You can do a quick test to {#blank#}1{#/blank#}(证明,证实) this in any database by opening a view and then pressing the down arrow.

20.

You can do a quick test to {#blank#}1{#/blank#}(证明,证实) this in any database by opening a view and then pressing the down arrow.

21.

书面表达:暑假即将来临。你班同学讨论了假期计划,提出了不同看法。请根据提示写一篇有关讨论的英语短文,并谈谈你的看法。


优点

缺点

呆在家中

花费少,舒适方便

不能亲身了解外界

外出旅游

增长见识,开阔眼界

花费多,旅途不便

注意:1)短文必须写在答题卡的指定区域,词数80~120(不含已写好部分)。

2)短文必须包括表中所列要点,可根据内容分段表达。

3)可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

4)参考词汇:眼界——horizon(或view)

    The summer holiday is coming. Our class have had a discussion about what to do during the holiday.

    ……

22.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项

    Save Your Time, Money and Stress with Savvy (懂行,悟性)Rental Car Strategies

    Renting a car can be expensive, confusing, and stressful — but it doesn't have to be. Here are several helpful strategies to save money, time, and stress on your next (and every) car rental.

Sign Up for Loyalty Programs

    Rental car loyalty programs are free to join, so register for any programs you might use in the future. My favorite car rental loyalty program benefit is that I can skip the counter and head right to my reserved car. Some programs allow members to choose a car from the available pool. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

Optimize Your Strategy

    Do you really need a rental car from the airport? For instance, if your flight arrives at night, take a free hotel shuttle and pick up your car the next day. The car rental location might even be at your hotel or can pick you up (or deliver the car to you).{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

{#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    For a city trip, you may not even need a rental car. Research whether mass transit(运输), taxi, Uber, bike rental, and other transportation methods will suffice(足够). Parking charges at downtown hotels may cost more than your car rental rate, so it may be doubly in your favor to give up a rental car. In some locations, a bike might be more efficient and economical than a car.

 Search for Specials

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#} In conjunction(结合)with your personal discount code, you may also find a last-minute rate, free rental day, or other promotion. My favorite annual travel deal is driving a car one-way out of Florida after Spring Break with rates as low as $1 per day.

Consider Alternative Rental Options

    Major car rental companies might have an associated discount brand at your rental location, like Firefly for Hertz.{#blank#}5{#/blank#} 

    An independent or smaller local agency may fit your needs; like A1 or Lucky Owl in Honolulu. Many people prefer to check rates on Hotwire and Priceline, especially for last-minute rentals.

A.Rental rates are likely lower away from the airport, plus you might save the cost of an entire rental day.

B.I use discount-finding websites to track my car reservations.

C.Smaller brands, like Thrifty and Fox, might offer better service and lower rates.

D.In addition to saving time and offering freedom of choice, loyalty members earn points and receive special promotions.

E.Check car rental company websites for current specials.

F.Skip the Car

G.Use a bike

23.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项

    Save Your Time, Money and Stress with Savvy (懂行,悟性)Rental Car Strategies

    Renting a car can be expensive, confusing, and stressful — but it doesn't have to be. Here are several helpful strategies to save money, time, and stress on your next (and every) car rental.

Sign Up for Loyalty Programs

    Rental car loyalty programs are free to join, so register for any programs you might use in the future. My favorite car rental loyalty program benefit is that I can skip the counter and head right to my reserved car. Some programs allow members to choose a car from the available pool. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}

Optimize Your Strategy

    Do you really need a rental car from the airport? For instance, if your flight arrives at night, take a free hotel shuttle and pick up your car the next day. The car rental location might even be at your hotel or can pick you up (or deliver the car to you).{#blank#}2{#/blank#}

{#blank#}3{#/blank#}

    For a city trip, you may not even need a rental car. Research whether mass transit(运输), taxi, Uber, bike rental, and other transportation methods will suffice(足够). Parking charges at downtown hotels may cost more than your car rental rate, so it may be doubly in your favor to give up a rental car. In some locations, a bike might be more efficient and economical than a car.

 Search for Specials

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#} In conjunction(结合)with your personal discount code, you may also find a last-minute rate, free rental day, or other promotion. My favorite annual travel deal is driving a car one-way out of Florida after Spring Break with rates as low as $1 per day.

Consider Alternative Rental Options

    Major car rental companies might have an associated discount brand at your rental location, like Firefly for Hertz.{#blank#}5{#/blank#} 

    An independent or smaller local agency may fit your needs; like A1 or Lucky Owl in Honolulu. Many people prefer to check rates on Hotwire and Priceline, especially for last-minute rentals.

A.Rental rates are likely lower away from the airport, plus you might save the cost of an entire rental day.

B.I use discount-finding websites to track my car reservations.

C.Smaller brands, like Thrifty and Fox, might offer better service and lower rates.

D.In addition to saving time and offering freedom of choice, loyalty members earn points and receive special promotions.

E.Check car rental company websites for current specials.

F.Skip the Car

G.Use a bike

5.填空题(共5题)

24.
如图是初中化学中常见物质间的转化关系,其中甲、乙为单质,A、B、C、D为化合物,且A与B的组成元素相同,C与D的组成元素也相同.其余反应条件、部分反应物已略去.试推断:

(1)写出有关物质的化学式:A  、乙  、C  
(2)写出下列化学方程式:
A→B+甲:  ;C→D:      
25.
化学就在我们身边,它与我们的生活息息相关.请从以下物质中选择适当的序号填空:①生石灰 ②乙醇 ③干冰 ④二氧化硫 ⑤金刚石
(1)可用于切割玻璃的是      
(2)常用作食品干燥剂的是    
(3)可用作内燃机燃料的是   
(4)可用于人工降雨的是      
(5)属于空气污染物的是   
26.
学好化学可以帮助我们分析和解决生产、生活中的问题
(1)为了全民的健康,我国推广使用强化铁酱油,这里的“铁”指的是  (填“单质”、“元素”或“原子”)
(2)校园内铁制车棚易生锈,写出一种防止其生锈的方法:      ;同样是金属,为什么金属铝露置在空气中不容易被腐蚀?   
27.
今年,鸡西市淡水资源短缺,节约用水、污水处理的战役已经打响,作为城市小主人的同学们请回答下列问题:
(1)向水样中加入明矾搅拌溶解,静置一段时间后,进行___(填操作名称),除去固体小颗粒,再向滤液中加入活性炭,利用其____性除去水样中的颜色和异味.这样得到的水仍然是硬水,它会给生活带来许多不便,如:_______________________
(2)为了判断得到的水是硬水或软水,可加入_____.日常生活中可采用_____的方法将硬水软化
28.
小稻家的铝壶由于长时间烧水,内有一层水垢〔主要含碳酸钙〕在家里可选用  除垢,除垢时间不宜过长的原因是    

6.实验题(共2题)

29.
实验室有如图所示的实验装置:

A B C   D     E
(1) 写出图中有标号仪器的名称:a._____________ b._____________
(2) 实验室制取气体时均应先检查装置的_______________。
(3) 实验室用石灰石和稀盐酸反应制取二氧化碳,应选用的发生装置是____________(填装置的字母代号,下同),收集装置是_________。检验二氧化碳是否集满的方法是_____________________________。
(4) 在实验室里,通常用下列方法制氧气:①双氧水和二氧化锰混合;②氯酸钾和二氧化锰混合加热;③加热分解高锰酸钾。其中最能体现“节能、环保、低碳”理念的制备方法是______(填序号),该制备方法的反应的化学方程式是  
(5)某同学用C装置集满一瓶氧气后,实验时发现氧气不纯,原因可能是________________________________________________
30.
如图是配制50g质量分数为5%的氯化钠溶液的操作过程示意图:

试回答:
(1)B操作中应称量氯化钠的质量是_____g.放好砝码和游码后,向托盘上加氯化钠时,若指针偏向分度盘的左边,应进行的操作是_____。
(2)D操作应选用_____mL 的量筒(从10mL、100mL中选择);量水时,量筒必须平放,视线要跟量筒凹液面的_____处保持水平。
(3)E操作的作用是_____。
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    科学探究题:(1道)

    简答题:(1道)

    单选题:(7道)

    选择题:(14道)

    填空题:(5道)

    实验题:(2道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:1

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:12

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:2

    9星难题:1