2011届湖北省宜昌市中考调研考试化学试卷

适用年级:初三
试卷号:295628

试卷类型:中考模拟
试卷考试时间:2011/10/29

1.简答题(共1题)

1.
葡萄糖能直接为人体提供能量,C6H12O6是其化学式。请回答下列问题:
(1)一个葡萄糖分子中所含原子的个数为
(2)90g葡萄糖中含有氧元素的质量是 g。

2.选择题(共19题)

2.

根据括号中所给的汉语,写出单词的正确形式,使句子意思完整。
They were playing _{#blank#}1{#/blank#} ( 吵闹 ) outside.
It has been in{#blank#}2{#/blank#} ( 服务 ) since 2000.
Have you {#blank#}3{#/blank#} (意识到) this serious mistake now, guy?
{#blank#}4{#/blank#} ( 闪电 ) started a big fire in a house.
{#blank#}5{#/blank#} The _________(政府) has taken action to prevent people cutting down the trees.

3.

当x{#blank#}1{#/blank#}时,二次根式{#mathml#}x+1{#/mathml#}有意义.

4.

当x{#blank#}1{#/blank#}时,二次根式{#mathml#}x+1{#/mathml#}有意义.

5.

In England ,people don't often talk to each other when they travel. If you get on a bus or a train. you can see people sitting and looking out of the window. Other people may read books or newspapers.
When you meet English people, they often start a conversation by talking about the weather . So when you meet somebody in England, you can say, "Nice weather for the time of the year!"
"But it was a little cold yesterday, "somebody may answer.
"But it will get a bit warmer later,"you can say.
Talking like this, they will think,"How friendly you are!"



6.

In England ,people don't often talk to each other when they travel. If you get on a bus or a train. you can see people sitting and looking out of the window. Other people may read books or newspapers.
When you meet English people, they often start a conversation by talking about the weather . So when you meet somebody in England, you can say, "Nice weather for the time of the year!"
"But it was a little cold yesterday, "somebody may answer.
"But it will get a bit warmer later,"you can say.
Talking like this, they will think,"How friendly you are!"



7.

阅读下面古诗,完成小题。
                          闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄                                                                  淮上与友人别
                     李白                                                                     郑谷
                      杨花落尽子规啼,闻道龙标过五溪。                                                            扬子江头杨柳春,杨花愁杀渡江人。
                      我寄愁心与明月,随君直到夜郎西。                                                            数声风笛离亭晚,君向潇湘我向秦。

8.

阅读下面古诗,完成小题。
                          闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄                                                                  淮上与友人别
                     李白                                                                     郑谷
                      杨花落尽子规啼,闻道龙标过五溪。                                                            扬子江头杨柳春,杨花愁杀渡江人。
                      我寄愁心与明月,随君直到夜郎西。                                                            数声风笛离亭晚,君向潇湘我向秦。

9.

根据句子意思,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
The plane hasn’t arrived yet. Do you know the time of its{#blank#}1{#/blank#}  (arrive)?
Mr. Sun felt cold and {#blank#}2{#/blank#} ( frighten).
{#blank#}3{#/blank#} (luck), I got full marks in the last exam.
You needn’t take a notebook with you if you find it {#blank#}4{#/blank#}  (necessary).
Many people don’t know the{#blank#}5{#/blank#} (important) of the wetlands.

10.



If you are going to Europe, you might consider taking some time to visit Provence. Whether you are interested in beautiful places, ancient history, good food, or music and theater, Provence has something to offer to you.
Provence once was a Roman province and is in the southeast of France now. You will be attracted by its green hills, olive trees, and old towns with pretty houses. Visitors can find forests, colorful flowers, horses, and people with smiles there. Provence is also "the city of dream in Europe." Some people say it is Provence that makes France so romantic. The palace should play an important part in the romantic stories.
The Flowers: Provence is the hometown of lavenders and sunflowers. Lavender means "waiting for love". It also means beautiful. The mountains of Lubero is the most beautiful area across France. And there are also many kinds of lavenders. Compared with the fantastic flowers Lavender, sunflower is a lot warmer. Under the sunlight, thousands of yellow sunflowers are smiling at the sun.
The Food: The people there are well-known for keeping their traditional lifestyles. And in the restaurant, you will have the experience of eating the food that has the too much use of olive oil. The food is fresh and healthy. All the things make Provence become the heaven to those who like delicious food.
The other activities: Provence is the Kingdom of city. They hold many parties, dance, and festivals. You can even see a bullfight in the towns of Arles and Nimes, or enjoy great shows with the famous stars.
May to July are the best tourist months. Not only the red sky, the sweet smell of olive, but also the wonderful lavenders, make Provence send out the breath of romantic.



11.

完成句子

12.

   John lives on a farm. The farm is not very big. His parents grow rice and corn. They don’t use animals to do farm work any more. Today they use a tractor(拖拉机). It works faster and better. After he does his work in the fields, he likes to sit and look at the blue sky and the green hills. He thinks the country is more beautiful than the city. In the city, he can’t hear the animals. In the country, he can hear birds singing. He likes to play with his dog, Cody. Cody is a very interesting dog. He likes to follow people. When they stop, he stops.
   When they walk, he walks. John thinks Cody is the best dog of all.

13.

Sunny Language School
We are a language school for children of 12—18. We want an assistant in the library, an English teacher, a gate- keeper, and a sports coach.

JobAgeLanguageSkill(能力)Other term(其他条件)
lab assistant20—35Chinese, Englishenough experience (经验, 经历)for the jobcareful(细心)
teacher20—45English, French,
Japanese
have the TQC(教师资格)responsible(负责)
sports coach20—40Chinese, Englishmajor(专业)in P.E.healthy and strong(强壮)
gate-keeperChinesehave a good memory(记忆力)healthy

14.

阅读下文,回答相关问题

                                                                                                     最温暖的墙
        ①玲玲是一名中学教师。她的职业性质决定了她要经常与粉笔打交道。当粉笔灰尘雪花一样把她的世界装点得银装素裹的同时,也悄然腐蚀着她的手指。
        ②几年下来,她的右手拇指和食指结了厚厚的一层老茧。尤其是冬天,天冷的时候,她手上的老茧裂开了口子,一堂课板书下来,疼痛不已。上课前擦的润肤油,不到几分钟的时间被粉笔灰吸得一干二净。为了减轻疼痛,下课后她经常用热水袋捂住冰凉疼痛的手指。
        ③有一堂课,她需要板书一黑板内容,写到一半的时候,她手上的裂口流出很多血。那点点血迹像梅花一样,竟将自己的粉笔点缀得分外引人注目。
        ④玲玲拿出纸擦掉手上的血,继续书写。不专心上课叽叽喳喳说话的学生见状后不再说话。教室里静极了,只听见粉笔头在黑板上轻轻发出的沙沙声,就像秋天的叶子,一片一片凋落在草地上发出的轻微声音。
        ⑤第二天上课时,她一走进教室,发现学生们的眼神和往常不一样,有一种期待、一种激动,那种神情意味深长,就像捉迷藏的孩子希望自己的秘密不被人发现。班长喊起立,全班学生向老师问好,他们并没有把目光放在老师身上,眼睛全盯着讲台上的粉笔盒。这让她感到很蹊跷,莫非今天是什么特殊的日子?当她从粉笔盒里拿出粉笔准备书写时才发现,那些粉笔整整齐齐全部穿上了外套,一根根粉笔被五颜六色的彩纸裹了起来,像花园里多彩的花枝。
        ⑥玲玲以为学生们在和她开玩笑,准备撕掉包裹粉笔的彩纸时,学生们异口同声地喊:老师先不要撕,请先看看那些字!那纸上面有字。
        ⑦轻轻撕开纸,纸上密密麻麻写着:“老师,天冷了,我们看到你板书时手上流血,就用纸把粉笔包起来。这样你写字时手就不会疼了!”在那些粉笔中有一支特别独特,没有包纸,被一个硬壳的彩色笔筒包着。拿起来仔细一看,原来是一个已经用尽,可以随意拧着伸缩的唇膏筒!这是多么诗意美好的创意啊!这些纯真的孩子,把母亲用来化妆的唇膏筒也给拿来了。
        ⑧几十双眼睛盯着她。她的眼睛湿润了,泪水像地下泉水,慢慢地涌了出来。她微笑着向学生们道谢。转过身,书写。粉笔灰像雪花一样飘落,竟使这寒冬的教室显得格外婆娑和妩媚。握着那细细的粉笔,她感觉自己握着的不是一支粉笔,而是一双双温暖的小手,一支支有力的橹桨,在爱的海洋里划呀划。他们用薄薄的一张纸,在寒冬,给老师筑起了一堵最温暖的墙。此刻,她的心里涌动着一种说不出的力量。她知道,那些孩子的心,像细微的炭火一样,默默燃烧着。

15.

Always forgetting your long passwords(密码)? Worried about being hacked(被攻击)?All these worries will soon become history. Scientists have found that upper-casing(大写)your password can help you reduce the chance being hacked.
Usually passwords are six letters or more.However,50 percent of people choose a common word or simple key combination for their password. The most used passwords are 123456, abcdef and abc123. In fact, if your passwords are in lower-case(小写),it will be easily hacked by a hacker. According to a study, it only takes a hacker ten minutes to hack a six-letter password which is in lower-case, but if you make the letter in upper-case, it can take up to ten hours. So if you want to make your account much safer, you should make your password upper-case. Of course, you can also add numbers or symbols to your password. Most of the time a hacker's computer has to work for 18 days to break a password, but if you choose a nine-letter password that includes numbers and symbols, it can take a hacher's  computer 44,530 years to break it.



16.

用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词或情态动词。
Waste can be seen everywhere in our school. Some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often forget{#blank#}1{#/blank#} (turn)off the lights when they leave the classroom. They say they can afford these things. But I{#blank#}2{#/blank#} (not agree)with them.Waste can bring a lot of problems. Although China is rich in some resources (资源), we're short of others, for example, fresh water(淡水). It{#blank#}3{#/blank#} (report) that we will have no coal(煤) or oil to use in 100 years. So if we go on{#blank#}4{#/blank#} (waste) our resources,what can we use in the future? Think about it. I think we should
say to the students who waste things every day. Everybody{#blank#}5{#/blank#} (stop) wasting as soon as possible.
In our everyday life, we can do many things{#blank#}6{#/blank#} (prevent) waste from happening, turn off the water taps(龙头) when we{#blank#}7{#/blank#} (finish) washing, turn off the lights when we leave the classroom, try not to order more food than we need, and so on. Little by little, everything will be changed. Waste can be stopped one day if we do our best.

17.

用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词或情态动词。
Waste can be seen everywhere in our school. Some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often forget{#blank#}1{#/blank#} (turn)off the lights when they leave the classroom. They say they can afford these things. But I{#blank#}2{#/blank#} (not agree)with them.Waste can bring a lot of problems. Although China is rich in some resources (资源), we're short of others, for example, fresh water(淡水). It{#blank#}3{#/blank#} (report) that we will have no coal(煤) or oil to use in 100 years. So if we go on{#blank#}4{#/blank#} (waste) our resources,what can we use in the future? Think about it. I think we should
say to the students who waste things every day. Everybody{#blank#}5{#/blank#} (stop) wasting as soon as possible.
In our everyday life, we can do many things{#blank#}6{#/blank#} (prevent) waste from happening, turn off the water taps(龙头) when we{#blank#}7{#/blank#} (finish) washing, turn off the lights when we leave the classroom, try not to order more food than we need, and so on. Little by little, everything will be changed. Waste can be stopped one day if we do our best.

18.

根据句意及首字母提示完成单词

19.

根据句意及首字母提示完成单词

20.

A man came home from work late, tired, to find his 5-year-old son waiting for him at the door."Daddy, how much money do you make an hour?""If you must know, I make $20 an hour.""Oh,"the little boy replied, with his head down. He thought for a moment, looked up and said, "Daddy, could you lend me $10?"
The father was furious, "If you asked for the money to buy a toy or some other rubbish, then go straight to your room and think about why you are being so selfish(自私的)!"The little boy went to his room and shut the door. After about an hour or so, the father calmed(平静)down, and started to think."Maybe he really needs to buy something and he didn't really ask for money very often." So he went to the little boy's room.
"Sorry! Maybe I was too hard on you just now." said the man, "Here's $10." "Oh, thank you, Daddy!" he said happily. Then, the boy took out some coins. When the father found that the boy already had money, he got angry again."Why do you want more money since you already have some?" the father shouted angrily. "Because I didn't have enough, but now I do." The little boy replied, "Daddy, I have $20 now. Can I buy an hour of your time? Please come home early tomorrow. I would like to have dinner with you."



3.单选题(共13题)

21.
已知某两种物质在一定条件下能发生如下图所示的反应,则下列说法正确的是

(说明:一种小球代表一种元素的原子)
A. 该图示符合质量守恒定律 B. 参加反应的两种分子的个数比为1:1
C. 该反应属于置换反应 D. 该反应前后所有元素的化合价都没有变化
22.
3Cu + 8HNO3 = 3Cu(NO3)2 + 2X↑ + 4H2O 中, X的化学式是
A. N2O B. NO C. NO2 D. N2O3
23.
下列生活经验中,不正确的是(  )
A. 用氢氧化铝治疗胃酸过多症
B. 用钢丝球洗刷铝锅表面的脏物
C. 用食醋除去水瓶中的水垢
D. 用铅笔芯的粉末使锁的开启变得更灵活
24.
绿色植物的光合作用需要空气中的
A. 氧气     B. 氮气 C. 二氧化碳 D. 稀有气体
25.
下列知识整理的内容完全正确的一组是
A除杂的方法
B物质与俗名
铜粉中混有铁粉用磁铁充分吸引
CuO中混有木炭---在空气中充分灼烧
CaCO3中混有NaCl---加足量水溶解后过滤
氧化钙---生石灰
氢氧化钠--纯碱
氢氧化钙--消石灰
C性质与用途
D食品与安全
取暖防中毒--煤炉上放一壶水
防菜刀生锈--干燥后悬挂
延长食物保质期--放入冰箱中
亚硝酸钠不能当食盐用
霉变食物高温消毒后可食用
甲醛溶液可作食品保鲜剂
 
A. A B. B C. C D. D
26.
厨房中的下列物质,其主要成分属于酸的是
A. 水 B. 发酵粉 C. 食醋 D. 洗洁精
27.
下列试剂中,能区别氢氧化钠溶液和澄清石灰水的是
A.稀盐酸B.石蕊溶液C.酚酞溶液D.二氧化碳
28.
向一瓶无色透明的溶液中滴入2滴紫色的石蕊溶液,溶液使石蕊变红色,说明该溶液是
A. 酸的水溶液    B. 碱的水溶液    C. 碱性溶液 D. 酸性溶液
29.
不同物质的溶液的酸碱性不同,根据下表中PH质的情况判断,下列说法正确的是

A. PH<7一定是酸的溶液    B. PH>7一定是碱的溶液
C. PH=7一定是盐的溶液    D. 盐的溶液可能呈酸性,碱性或中性
30.
下列四个图像,分别对应四个操作过程,其中正确的是

A. 图①是向一定量的稀盐酸和氯化钙的混合溶液中不断滴入碳酸钠溶液至过量
B. 图②是等质量的铁和镁同时分别放入两份溶质质量分数相同的一定量稀盐酸中
C. 图③是用H2还原CuO来测定CuO中铜元素的含量
D. 图④是向一定质量的氢氧化钠溶液中滴加过量的盐酸
31.
农业生产中常用化肥,下列属于复合肥的是
A. NH4NO3B. KClC. ( NH4)2HPO4D. CO(NH2)2
32.
下列实验操作正确的是

A.    B.     C.     D.
33.
下列物质能在pH为13的水溶液中大量共存的是
A. KOH、Na2SO4、MgCl2    B. NaCl、Na2CO3、NaNO3
C. FeCl3、HCl、NaOH D. CaCl2、NaCl、 K2CO3

4.填空题(共6题)

34.
分析、总结、归纳,从中找出规律,是学习化学的重要方法。
(1)从化合价角度分析:①C+2CuO=======2Cu+CO2↑,C由0价→+4价,化合价升高,C具有还原性,是还原剂;Cu由+2价→0价,化合价降低,CuO具有氧化性,是氧化剂。试分析:②3CO+Fe2O32Fe+3CO2中的还原剂是 ,氧化剂是
(2)分析比较这两个反应,二者的区别是:
35.
用数字和符号表示:
(1)2个亚铁离子    
(2)1个硫酸根离子    
(3)2个二氧化氮分子
(4)由氧、氢、氮元素组成的酸    
(5)标出KClO4中Cl的化合价  
36.
铝制水壶中常结有一层水垢[主要成分是Mg(OH)2和CaCO3],用适量的盐酸可以除去它;但若浸泡的时间过长,不仅会损坏铝壶“保护膜”,甚至会蚀穿铝壶。请用化学方程式解释损坏铝壶的原因(任写一个):          
37.
右图是A、B两种物质的溶解度盐线.根据图示回答下列问题:

(1)t2℃时,向两只盛有100g水的烧杯中,分别加入A、B两种物质至不能溶解为止,所得溶液的溶质质量分数较大的是______溶液(填字母代号)。
(2)t1℃时,欲配制等质量的A、B两种物质的饱和溶液,所需水的质量关系是A____B。(填写“>”、“<”或=”,下同)
(3)若要从混有少量B的A溶液中得到纯净的A,应采用的实验方法是    
38.
有下列物质,a.稀硫酸 b.熟石灰 c.生石灰 d.氢氧化钠 e.食盐,请选择合适的物质填空,每种物质只能用一次,填物质的化学式:
(1)可用作干燥剂的是_______;
(2)生活中可用作调味剂的主要成分是_______;
(3)可用于清洗灶具上的油污的是_______;
(4)可用于改良酸性土壤的是________;
(5)可用于清除铁锈的是_______,化学方程式为:__________。
39.
保存氢氧化钠溶液的试剂瓶不能用玻璃塞,原因是玻璃中的二氧化硅和氢氧化钠反应生成硅酸钠(其中硅的化合价为+4价),该物质将瓶和瓶口牢牢粘在一起不能打开。请写出该反应的化学方程式:

5.实验题(共2题)

40.
实验室可用草酸(H2C2O4)在浓硫酸的作用下分解制得一氧化碳,其反应的化学方程式为:H2C2O4=======CO2↑+CO↑+H2O。试回答:
(1)用此法制取CO所用的发生装置是 ,收集装置应选取    。(填大写字母代号)
(2)小明为了得到纯净干燥的一氧化碳,并通过H装置还原氧化铜,则气体应先从发生装置出发至H装置,气体流向为从左至右,正确的接口顺序为:()→()→()→()→()→()。(填接口处的小写字母)
(3)请写出除去CO2的化学方程式:
41.
探究1。物质的回收和利用
某化学探究小组的同学从实验废液中回收铜,得到的铜粉样品中含有少量的铁粉。为了除去铁粉,同学们设计了两个实验方案:
方案一:铜样品过滤洗涤干燥
方案二:铜样品过滤洗涤干燥
(1)对于上述两个方案,你的评价是:     。(写一条)
(2)写出其中的一个反应化学方程式:
(3)在干燥时,有同学提出用酒精灯加热将铜粉烘干。小明马上提出反对意见,其理由是
(用化学方程式表示出来)
探究2:物质的鉴别和提纯
实验操作考试时,小王同学用稀盐酸、BaCl2溶液、酚酞溶液来检验四瓶无标签的溶液:Na2CO3、NaCl、Na2SO4、澄清石灰水。
(1)请你帮助小王同学完成澄清石灰水的鉴别:

(2)实验结束后,他将废液倒入同一烧杯中,发现废液为红色且呈浑浊状态,则使废液呈
红色的离子是 (写离子符号)。废液中一定不含有的溶质是(写化学式)
(3)小王同学想提纯烧杯中含有的氯化钠,他提出以下方案:
①加入过量的BaCl2溶液,
②加入过量的Na2CO3溶液,其目的是除去可能存在的     和过量的
BaCl2
③过滤,
④向滤液中逐滴加入盐酸至    为止,其目的是除去
⑤蒸发结晶,即得氯化钠。
(4)写出上述实验过程中的一个有沉淀生成的化学方程式:
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    简答题:(1道)

    选择题:(19道)

    单选题:(13道)

    填空题:(6道)

    实验题:(2道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:1

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:11

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:8

    9星难题:1