2013届河南省郑州市高三第一次模拟考试化学试卷

适用年级:高三
试卷号:294170

试卷类型:高考模拟
试卷考试时间:2017/7/20

1.选择题(共3题)

1.

“垃圾处置很重要,但不能修在我家旁边”。“邻避效应”让不少环保和公益项目陷入“一建就反对、一反对就叫停”的困境,既影响政府的公信力,也影响经济社会发展。解决“邻避困局”,需要公民(    )

2.

Fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入适当的词,使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词,首字母已给)

A Delicious Meal

    Tony is Chinese American. His family members gather together and serve a traditional Chinese meal once a week. Last week Tony i{#blank#}1{#/blank#}his friend Amy for it.

    Tony's family was preparing dinner when Amy arrived. The family was cooking vegetables with hot oil. The k{#blank#}2{#/blank#} was filled with many good smells. "You can help me set the table." Tony told his friend. They gave each person a pair of chopsticks, a soup bowl, a soup spoon, and a rice bowl on a plate.

    "Where are the forks and knives?"   Amy asked.

    "Oh, you won't n{#blank#}3{#/blank#}those." Tony explained." I will show you how to use chopsticks. Don't worry."

    Tony's mother put different foods which were unfamiliar to Amy onto big plates. She asked the kids to carry the food-filled plates out to the table. Amy carried roast duck. It was one of the f{#blank#}4{#/blank#}dishes she recognized.

    Amy was a little nervous about eating with chopsticks. Tony gave her instructions on how to do it. Amy finally managed to hold the chopsticks. Just when she picked up a piece of chicken in her chopsticks, her fingers s{#blank#}5{#/blank#} lost control of them, and the chicken flew across the table. It landed in Tony's soup with a splash(飞溅). E{#blank#}6{#/blank#} at the table smiled.

    Tony's father kindly brought out a fork and knife. He handed them to Amy .Amy felt more c{#blank#}7{#/blank#}. She ate the rest of her dinner easily. It was delicious!

    At the end of the meal, Amy was given a fortune cookie(签语饼干). She broke it open and read the small note inside," If you practice hard, you will learn many things." Amy laughed and said," if you let me take home a pair of chopsticks, my fortune may come true!


3.

2016年2月28日,国家互联网信息办公室责令新浪、腾讯等网站依法依规关闭某微博大V的账号。国家网信办发言人强调,网络不是法外之地,任何人不得利用网络传播违法信息。这警示我们(    )

①在行使国家权力时,要坚持法律面前一律平等原则

②坚持在言论自由的前提下,有序发布自己掌握的所有信息

③坚守法律法规和社会公共秩序底线,正确认识网络言论自由

④在互联网上发表信息要坚持权利和义务相统一的原则

2.单选题(共2题)

4.
普伐他汀是一种调节血脂的药物,其结构如图。下列关系普伐他汀的性质描述不正确的是
A.能与FeCl3溶液发生显色反应
B.能使酸性KMnO4溶液褪色
C.能发生加成、取代、消去反应
D.1mol该物质在溶液中最多可与2molNaOH反应
5.
下列有关物质的性质和应用均正确的是()
A.晶体硅具有半导体性质,可用于生产光导纤维
B.碳酸钠能够和酸反应,常用于治疗胃酸过多
C.铜的金属活动性比铁弱,可用铜罐代替铁罐贮运浓硝酸
D.硫酸铵的浓溶液能使蛋白质盐析,可用多次盐析的方法分离、提纯蛋白质

3.填空题(共1题)

6.
由中国科研人员从中药材中提取的金丝桃素对人工感染的H5N1亚型禽流感家禽活体具有100%的治愈率。金丝桃素的结构简式如下:请回答下列问题:

(1)金丝桃素能在NaOH水溶液中加热反应得A和B,B为芳香族化合物,则A的分子式是­
(2)室温下,B用稀盐酸酸化得C,C中含氧官能团的名称是    
(3)写出两分子C与浓H2SO4共热,可生成含有八元环的化合物,该反应的反应类型是
(4)写出一种复合下列条件的C的同分异构提的结构简式:
①苯环上只有一个支链 ②能发生银镜反应 ③1mol该有机物与足量金属钠反应产生1mol气体

4.实验题(共2题)

7.
重铬酸钾又名红矾钾,是化学实验室中的一种重要分析试剂。工业上以铬酸钾(K2CrO4)为原料,采用电化学法制备重铬酸钾(K2Cr2O7)。制备装置如下图所示(阳离子交换膜只允许阳离子透过):

制备原理:2CrO42-(黄色)+2H+Cr2O72-(橙色)+H2O
(1)通电后阳极室产生的现象为 ,其电极反应式是   
(2)该制备过程总反应的离子方程式可表示为4CrO42-+4H2O="2" Cr2O72-+ 4OH-+2H2↑+O2↑,若实验开始时在右室中加入38.8g K2CrO4,t分钟后测得右室中K与Cr的物质的量之比为3:2,则溶液中K2CrO4和K2Cr2O7的物质的量之比为 ;此时电路中转移电子的物质的量为
8.
无水AlCl3是一种重要的有机合成催化剂,该物质在183℃时升华,遇潮湿空气即产生大量白雾。某中学化学兴趣小组拟利用中学常见仪器设计实验制备无水AlCl3,实验装置如下图所示。

请回答下列问题:
(1)制备实验开始时,先检查装置的气密性,接下来的操作依次是    
a.加入MnO2粉末 b.点燃A中酒精灯 c.加入浓盐酸 d.点燃D处酒精灯
(2)写出A装置中发生反应的化学方程式:  
(3)装置B和C中的试剂分别是
(4)甲同学认为F和G可以用一种仪器替代,且加入一种药品即可达到相同效果。这种药品可以是
(5)E中得到少量白色粉末,打开软木塞后可明显观察到锥形瓶中有白雾生成,用化学方程式表示其原因
(6)制备过程中随着盐酸的浓度下降,氯气的制取反应会停止。为测定残余液中盐酸的浓度,某同学量取残余液10.00mL,加水稀释到250.00mL。然后从中取出20.00mL,用0.1000mol·L-1的NaOH标准溶液进行滴定,终点时消耗NaOH溶液24.00mL。则该残余液体中盐酸的浓度为
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    选择题:(3道)

    单选题:(2道)

    填空题:(1道)

    实验题:(2道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:3

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:1

    9星难题:1