湖北省天门市多宝二中2018届九年级(上)期中化学试卷

适用年级:初三
试卷号:287862

试卷类型:期中
试卷考试时间:2017/12/18

1.计算题(共1题)

1.
2016年8月,我国自主研制的民用航天大型固体火箭助推发动机地面热试车圆满成功,这是国内迄今为止直径、装药量、推力最大的固体火箭发动机.其中,硝化棉(化学式为C12H16N4O18是固体火箭发动机的推进剂之一.
(1)C12H16N4O18的相对分子质量为_____.
(2)C12H16N4O18中,氢、氮元素的质量比为_____(填最简整数比).
(3)C12H16N4O18中,质量分数最大的元素是_____(填元素名称).
(4)50.4g C12H16N4O18中含有_____g 碳元素.

2.推断题(共1题)

2.
A~G是初中常见的7种物质,它们有如图所示的转化关系.已知A、C是无色液体,B、F、G是无色气体,其中大量排放F会引起温室效应,D是黑色固体,E在纯净的B中燃烧发出明亮的蓝紫色火焰.

(1)请写出下列物质的化学符号:C_____,G_____,H_____.
(2)请写出下列变化的文字表达式:①B→F_____,②C→B_____.

3.单选题(共7题)

3.
下列古代文明或工艺一定包含化学变化的是
A. 在甲骨上刻文字
B. 指南针指引航海
C. 用泥土烧制陶瓷
D. 用石块修筑长城
4.
向一定溶质质量分数的过氧化氢溶液加入少量二氧化锰,立即有大量氧气产生。下列说法正确的是
A.过氧化氢中含有水和氧气
B.过氧化氢能使二氧化锰分解放出氧气
C.二氧化锰能加快过氧化氢分解生成水和氧气
D.该反应中有过氧化氢和二氧化锰两种反应物,不属于分解反应
5.
化学反应前后肯定发生变化的是(  )
A.原子数目B.原子质量C.元素种类D.分子种类
6.
玉石制品一直深受人们的喜爱,对玉石主要成分(化学式为NaAlSi2O6)的描述正确的是
A.该物质是由四个元素组成
B.该物质中钠元素与铝元素的质量比为23 : 27
C.该物质的相对分子质量为94 g
D.该物质含有三个氧分子
7.
天然水分别经过下列净化操作后,一定能得到软水的是(  )。
A.沉淀B.过滤C.吸附D.蒸馏
8.
某1L纯牛奶的包装盒上面有如下一些数据(每100g内):脂肪≥3.3g、蛋白质≥2.9g、非脂乳固体≥8.1g、钾≥145mg、钙≥115mg.这里的钾、钙是指(  )
A.分子B.原子C.单质D.元素
9.
下列图示的实验中,正确的是(  )
A.B.C.D.

4.选择题(共3题)

10.

阅读理解

    IPhone owners are vainer(虚荣)and spend more on clothes and grooming(仪容)than those who have BlackBerrys and Android phones, new research claims.BlackBerry owners earn the most and are more likely to have long-term relationships, while people with Android handsets are most creative and the best cooks.

    The study, carried out by TalkTalk Mobile, surveyed 2,000 owners of the three major smartphone brands to determine whether the choice of handset was an extension(延伸) of their personality. The study rated users in various walks of life using a point scoring system including personalities, daily habits and the type of industries they work in.

    Other results from the study found that people with an iPhone are more image conscious and generally consider themselves more attractive than those with other handsets. They are most likely to describe themselves as adventurous, bright and are most likely to work in media, publishing and education. They also believe their boss rates them highly. Apple owners also tend to have done more travelling and are the most active on social media sites.

    BlackBerry owners were found to be the least punctual(准时的), but despite putting in the least hours at work they are the most active phone user—sending more texts and making more calls in the average day than any other phone user. They are more social and have more friends overall. They also earn nearly two and a half thousand pounds a year more than other smartphone owners, with an average salary of $27,406. BlackBerry users classed themselves so loud and mainly work in the health, finance or property sectors. They were also found to drink more tea and coffee each day than any other phone user.

    Android owners were found to watch more TV than others and drink the most alcohol—consuming more in an average week than iPhone and BlackBerry drinkers. They have the most jobs in engineering, the government and public services and environmental services. They have the best manners and are more shy and relaxed than their counterparts.

    Dan Meader, Director of Mobile at TalkTalk, said,“Many of us have our mobile phones on us almost constantly so they do become an extension of us in many ways. It's interesting to see then how the choice in handset may reflect different aspects of personality and the results do show some unusual difference

11.

阅读理解

    IPhone owners are vainer(虚荣)and spend more on clothes and grooming(仪容)than those who have BlackBerrys and Android phones, new research claims.BlackBerry owners earn the most and are more likely to have long-term relationships, while people with Android handsets are most creative and the best cooks.

    The study, carried out by TalkTalk Mobile, surveyed 2,000 owners of the three major smartphone brands to determine whether the choice of handset was an extension(延伸) of their personality. The study rated users in various walks of life using a point scoring system including personalities, daily habits and the type of industries they work in.

    Other results from the study found that people with an iPhone are more image conscious and generally consider themselves more attractive than those with other handsets. They are most likely to describe themselves as adventurous, bright and are most likely to work in media, publishing and education. They also believe their boss rates them highly. Apple owners also tend to have done more travelling and are the most active on social media sites.

    BlackBerry owners were found to be the least punctual(准时的), but despite putting in the least hours at work they are the most active phone user—sending more texts and making more calls in the average day than any other phone user. They are more social and have more friends overall. They also earn nearly two and a half thousand pounds a year more than other smartphone owners, with an average salary of $27,406. BlackBerry users classed themselves so loud and mainly work in the health, finance or property sectors. They were also found to drink more tea and coffee each day than any other phone user.

    Android owners were found to watch more TV than others and drink the most alcohol—consuming more in an average week than iPhone and BlackBerry drinkers. They have the most jobs in engineering, the government and public services and environmental services. They have the best manners and are more shy and relaxed than their counterparts.

    Dan Meader, Director of Mobile at TalkTalk, said,“Many of us have our mobile phones on us almost constantly so they do become an extension of us in many ways. It's interesting to see then how the choice in handset may reflect different aspects of personality and the results do show some unusual difference

12.

阅读理解

    IPhone owners are vainer(虚荣)and spend more on clothes and grooming(仪容)than those who have BlackBerrys and Android phones, new research claims.BlackBerry owners earn the most and are more likely to have long-term relationships, while people with Android handsets are most creative and the best cooks.

    The study, carried out by TalkTalk Mobile, surveyed 2,000 owners of the three major smartphone brands to determine whether the choice of handset was an extension(延伸) of their personality. The study rated users in various walks of life using a point scoring system including personalities, daily habits and the type of industries they work in.

    Other results from the study found that people with an iPhone are more image conscious and generally consider themselves more attractive than those with other handsets. They are most likely to describe themselves as adventurous, bright and are most likely to work in media, publishing and education. They also believe their boss rates them highly. Apple owners also tend to have done more travelling and are the most active on social media sites.

    BlackBerry owners were found to be the least punctual(准时的), but despite putting in the least hours at work they are the most active phone user—sending more texts and making more calls in the average day than any other phone user. They are more social and have more friends overall. They also earn nearly two and a half thousand pounds a year more than other smartphone owners, with an average salary of $27,406. BlackBerry users classed themselves so loud and mainly work in the health, finance or property sectors. They were also found to drink more tea and coffee each day than any other phone user.

    Android owners were found to watch more TV than others and drink the most alcohol—consuming more in an average week than iPhone and BlackBerry drinkers. They have the most jobs in engineering, the government and public services and environmental services. They have the best manners and are more shy and relaxed than their counterparts.

    Dan Meader, Director of Mobile at TalkTalk, said,“Many of us have our mobile phones on us almost constantly so they do become an extension of us in many ways. It's interesting to see then how the choice in handset may reflect different aspects of personality and the results do show some unusual difference

5.填空题(共6题)

13.
写出下列反应的文字表达式:
(1)硫在空气中燃烧:_____;
(2)铁在氧气中燃烧:_____;
(3)电解水:_____.
14.
科学家在宇宙中发现了氢元素的两种新粒子,它们的组成可用H3+和H3表示,请回答:
(1)1个H3+中含有_____个质子、_____个电子.
(2)构成H3分子的原子的结构示意图是_____
15.
下表是元素周期表中的部分元素的一些信息,请据表回答问题:

(1)氯原子的质子数是_____它属于_____(填“金属”或“非金属”)元素.
(2)原子序数为3的元素与第三周期中的_____(填名称)元素具有相似的化学性质,在化学反应中都比较容易_____(填“得到”或“失去”)电子.
(3)写出原子序数为3的元素形成的氧化物的化学式_____.
(4)在第三周期中,各原子核外电子排布的变化规律是_____.
16.
用化学符号填空:
(1)2个铁原子_____;
(2)4个硫酸根离子_____;
(3)3个水分子_____;
(4)氧化铁_____;
(5)人体中含量最多的金属元素_____.
17.
回答下列问题:
(1)通过定量实验测定空气组成的科学家是_____,通过实验他得出空气是由_____和_____组成.
(2)硬水中含有较多的Mg2+和_____(填符号);生活中常通过_____的方法来降低水的硬度.
18.
在宏观、微观和符号之间建立联系是化学特有的思维方式.根据电解水的实验,回答下列问题.

(1)从宏观上观察:如图所示,试管a和b中产生气体的体积比约为_____,b中产生的气体是_____(填化学式).
(2)从微观上分析:下列说法正确的是_____(填字母).
A.水是由氢气和氧气组成的
B.水是由氢原子和氧原子构成的
C.每个水分子是由2个氢原子和l个氧原子构成的.

6.实验题(共1题)

19.
实验室使用过氧化氢溶液与二氧化锰制取氧气并回收二氧化锰,可供选择的实验仪器和用品如下.

(1)制取氧气的文字表达式是_____.
(2)制取氧气时,用a仪器加入过氧化氢溶液的优点是_____(填序号).
A.便于控制反应快慢B.定量添加药品更方便
C.生成氧气质量更大
(3)回收二氧化锰,需要进行过滤操作,除上图仪器以外,过滤还需要的仪器名称是_____.
(4)回收的二氧化锰,还可以在上述反应中反复使用.其原因是_____.
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    计算题:(1道)

    推断题:(1道)

    单选题:(7道)

    选择题:(3道)

    填空题:(6道)

    实验题:(1道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:7

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:6

    9星难题:3