1.简答题- (共1题)

(1)研究可燃物燃烧的条件。已知:白磷的着火点是40℃。用如图所示装置进行实验:①向瓶内加入80℃左右的热水刚好没过燃烧匙中的白磷;②用注射器向瓶内推入空气,瓶内水面下降,当白磷露出水面时发生燃烧。
①白磷燃烧时发生反应的化学方程式为_________________________。
②此实验研究可燃物燃烧的条件是_________________________。
(2)利用表中装置进行二氧化碳性质的实验。实验前止水夹处于关闭状态。
实验装置 | 实验1 | 实验2 |
![]() | Ⅰ. 将A试管充满CO2,B试管加入紫色石蕊溶液 Ⅱ. 密闭下,用针筒将A中部分CO2抽出 Ⅲ. 打开K | Ⅰ. 将A试管充满CO2,B试管加入稀盐酸 Ⅱ. 用针筒向A 中注入适量的饱和澄清石灰水,振荡 Ⅲ. 打开K |
①实验1中,可以验证CO2与水发生反应,看到的现象是______________________。
②实验2中,步骤Ⅱ中发生反应的化学方程式为____________________________;步骤Ⅲ中,打开K后发现A中液面____________________,有气泡产生。
2.综合题- (共1题)
(1)长期使用硬水会给生活和生产带来许多麻烦,人们常采用_________来区分硬水和软水。
(2)自热米饭中的加热剂是分开包装的生石灰和水,使用时拉开塑料胶条,就会发生反应,放出热量。该反应的化学方程式为______________。
(3)用熟石灰粉刷墙壁,洁白好看,该反应的化学方程式为_______________________
(4)煤是社会生产、生活中最重要的能源,工业上常把煤进行气化和液化处理,使煤变成清洁能源。煤气化和液化流程示意图如下图所示:

第①步操作发生的是____变化(填“物理”或“化学”)。
第②步是精炼煤与水蒸气的反应,化学方程式为______________________。
若2.8tCO与足量H2充分反应,理论上可以得到甲醇______ t。
(5)清华大学化学工程学院研究人员成功研制出一种纳米纤维催化剂,可将二氧化碳转化成液体燃料甲醇,其微观示意图如下,请在方框内补全相应的微粒图示。


3.推断题- (共1题)

请写出:
(1)A的化学式_______;
(2)A与E反应的化学方程式___________
(3)C物质与CuO反应的化学方程式__________
4.科学探究题- (共1题)
(猜想与假设)①是CH4;②是CH4和CO2的混合气体; ③是CO和CO2的混合气体;④ _________。
(实验和推断)将A中的气体依次通入B、C中,在D处点燃。

(1)要将A中的气体通入后面的装置中,应选图2中的_____ (填序号)“注水装置”。
(2)B中石灰水变浑浊,则说明A中的气体中含有__________气体。
(3)装置C作用是_____________。
(4)当D处倒扣的是涂有澄清石灰水的烧杯,出现浑浊;当D处倒扣的是干冷的大烧杯,杯壁有水雾出现。实验结论是猜想______________________正确(填序号)。我对此实验的改进建议是____。
5.单选题- (共8题)
物质 | A | B | C | D |
反应前质量/g | 4 | 6 | 111 | 4 |
反应后质量/g | 待测 | 15 | 0 | 84 |
下列说法正确 的是( )
A. 该反应的反应物为A和C
B. 容器中发生的化学反应属于化合反应
C. 反应后,生成D的质量为84g
D. 反应后,待测A的质量为26g
A.分子、原子可以构成物质,所以物质一定是由分子、原子构成的 |
B.单质是由一种元素组成的,所以一种元素组成的物质一定是单质 |
C.化合物是含有不同种元素的纯净物,所以含有不同种元素的纯净物一定是化合物 |
D.可燃物燃烧时温度需要达到着火点,所以可燃物的温度达到着火点一定能燃烧 |
A.①②③④⑤⑥ | B.②③④⑤⑥ | C.②③④⑥ | D.②④⑤⑥ |
A. 一个单宁酸分子中含 23 个 O2
B. 单宁酸分子是由碳、氢、氧三种元素组成
C. 单宁酸分子中碳、氢、氧原子个数比为 38:26:23
D. 单宁酸由 76 个碳原子、52 个氢原子和 46 个氧原子构成
6.选择题- (共3题)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My father was a highly educated, intelligent gentleman. He could debate or discuss for hours on almost any topic and hold your 1 in the process. I thought there was nothing he wasn't 2 to do.
A few days before my younger brother's 7th birthday, Dad planned to assemble(装配)a new 3 as a special birthday surprise. After nearly an hour of 4 the instructions, Dad was still unable to 5 the new bike together. Later he 6 the paper of instructions, 7 up his tool box, and decided to take the bike back to the local toy store and pay extra 8 to have it correctly assembled there. 9 an idea came to him, as he called out to Lovett, the quiet little man who cut our grassland.
“Lovett, have you ever assembled a boy's bicycle?”
As Lovett walked towards the bike, Dad handed him the 10 . Lovett handed it back to him, saying, “No, thanks. I can't read. When you can't read, you have to 11 .” Less than 15 minutes later, the new bicycle was 12 assembled, with no 13 parts remaining. Dad shook Lovett's hand, patted him on the back, thanked him, and hid the bike.
On the night after my brother received his shiny new gift, Dad announced at the family dinner table what had happened several days earlier. He took great 14 in telling it over and over again — he used it as an example of thinking.
He did not refer to illiteracy(文盲), but strongly taught us to use our 15 . The joke was on my father, 16 he was able to turn it into a learning tool, and I liked him even more after that incident. I also gained a new 17 for Lovett. To me he had 18 been the old yard man who didn't 19 much, but after that day, he seemed to smile 20 , even walk taller. It's amazing what a real nod of approval can do to lift people up.
7.实验题- (共2题)

①吸气时,应将(______)
a. A打开、B关闭 b.B打开、A关闭
②证明人体呼出的CO2含量明显高于空气中CO2的现象是_______________。
(2)水分解可以生产氢气。如图是电解水的简易装置图,其中氢气在____(填“正极”或“负极”)端的试管中产生,该反应的化学方程式为____________________。

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【1】题量占比
简答题:(1道)
综合题:(1道)
推断题:(1道)
科学探究题:(1道)
单选题:(8道)
选择题:(3道)
实验题:(2道)
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【2】:难度分析
1星难题:0
2星难题:0
3星难题:0
4星难题:3
5星难题:0
6星难题:7
7星难题:0
8星难题:4
9星难题:0