山东省菏泽市丹阳路中学2018-2019学年九上期末考试化学试卷

适用年级:初三
试卷号:265979

试卷类型:期末
试卷考试时间:2019/3/1

1.流程题(共1题)

1.
小刚收集到一瓶浑浊的太湖水,他要模拟自来水厂的净水过程,最终制成蒸馏水。其实验过程如下所示。请回答以下问题。

(1)操作①的名称是______。
(2)操作②向液体C中加入_____,利用其吸附性除去水样中的颜色和异味。此过程主要发生____变化(填“物理”或“化学”)。

2.综合题(共1题)

2.
将15.8 g高锰酸钾放在试管里加热制取氧气,加热到不再产生气体为止。请回答:
(1)反应后剩余固体物质的质量________高锰酸钾的质量。(填“大于”“小于”“等于”)。推断的依据是__________________。
(2)剩余固体物质中含有的物质是________,各是________克?

3.计算题(共1题)

3.
碘元素对青少年智力发育影响很大,加碘盐通常在食盐中加碘酸钾(KIO3).如右图是超市销售的一种加碘盐标签上的部分文字说明。请回答下列问题:

(1)食用“碘盐”属于_____________;(纯净物或混合物)
(2)每袋该食盐中碘元素的质量是___________。

4.推断题(共1题)

4.
下图表示某些物质间的转化关系(反应条件均略去)。其中A为天然气的主要成分,C为相对分子质量最小的氧化物,F为红棕色粉末,G为最常见的金属。B、D、X、E均为无色气体。请回答:

(1)X是_______ (填化学式)。
(2)B物质固态时的名称是______,该物质在实际生活中的一种用途是____________。
(3)写出下列反应的化学方程式。
①F+X→B+G:________________________________________。
②C→D+E:__________________________________________。

5.单选题(共7题)

5.
下列变化过程属于物理变化的是()
A.用谷物、葡萄酿制美酒B.以石油为原料制造药物
C.分离液态空气获得氧气D.用生石灰做干燥剂吸水
6.
柠檬是一种营养极高的水果,因为含有丰富的柠檬酸,被誉为“柠檬酸仓库”,将柠檬切成薄薄的片泡在温开水中,有利于保存柠檬中的营养物质。柠檬酸是一种重要的有机酸,下列关于柠檬酸的叙述错误的是(    )
A.每个柠檬酸分子中含有个碳原于8氢原子、7个氧原子
B.柠檬酸能使酚酞溶液由无色变红色
C.柠檬酸中的的氧元素的质量分数最高
D.向水中加入适量的白糖、果汁、柠檬酸的小苏打,可以制汽水
7.
下列CO2的制备装置中,不能起到“随开随制,随关随停”效果的是(  )
A.B.
C.D.
8.
下列关于CO和CO2说法正确的是
A.CO2能与血液中血红蛋白结合导致中毒B.CO可以作燃料
C.用闻气味的方法能够区别CO2和COD.CO能用于人工降雨
9.
日常生活中,与肥皂水作用最容易产生泡沫的是
A.河水B.矿泉水C.煮沸的水D.含较多可溶性钙镁化合物的水
10.
水是人类生活不可缺少的物质。下列关于水的叙述不正确的是
A.水是由氢元素和氧元素组成的化合物
B.氢气燃烧生成水和电解水的基本反应类型相同
C.用肥皂水可以区分硬水和软水
D.净化水的常用方法有沉淀、过滤、吸附和蒸馏
11.
下列有关说法正确的是
A.通过焚烧塑料减少“白色污染”
B.可以用熟石灰来改良酸性土壤
C.煤燃烧产生大量的二氧化碳是造成酸雨的罪魁祸首
D.用一氧化碳做燃料可防止温室效应进一步增强

6.选择题(共8题)

12.

下列关于无脊椎动物的叙述,不正确的是(   )

13.

已知一个等腰三角形腰上的高等于底边的一半,那么腰与底边的比是(  )

14.语法填空

    Everybody, welcome to {#blank#}1{#/blank#}(we) company. I am Luisa, Director of the department. Let me say something to you all. The starting of work can be exciting on the hand, and can also be {#blank#}2{#/blank#}(worry) on the other. No matter what your future job is, you will have to work with others. Leaning to get on well with others must come first,{#blank#}3{#/blank#} (include) all staff in the company and our {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (custom).

    And secondly, right after my introduction, spend some time reading the introduction of our company and get to know the people in your office and find out {#blank#}5{#/blank#} the company is like. This afternoon you can walk around our workshops and know {#blank#}6{#/blank#} (much) about the products. No one is allowed {#blank#}7{#/blank#} (leave) the company before 5:30 pm. By the way, lunchtime {#blank#}8{#/blank#} (come) at 11:50 and it's free {#blank#}9{#/blank#} charge.

    Remember: Learning is so important {#blank#}10{#/blank#} it can change your future life.

This is what I'd like to say to you at the moment. If you still have any question, please come to my office. Thank you.

15.语法填空

    Everybody, welcome to {#blank#}1{#/blank#}(we) company. I am Luisa, Director of the department. Let me say something to you all. The starting of work can be exciting on the hand, and can also be {#blank#}2{#/blank#}(worry) on the other. No matter what your future job is, you will have to work with others. Leaning to get on well with others must come first,{#blank#}3{#/blank#} (include) all staff in the company and our {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (custom).

    And secondly, right after my introduction, spend some time reading the introduction of our company and get to know the people in your office and find out {#blank#}5{#/blank#} the company is like. This afternoon you can walk around our workshops and know {#blank#}6{#/blank#} (much) about the products. No one is allowed {#blank#}7{#/blank#} (leave) the company before 5:30 pm. By the way, lunchtime {#blank#}8{#/blank#} (come) at 11:50 and it's free {#blank#}9{#/blank#} charge.

    Remember: Learning is so important {#blank#}10{#/blank#} it can change your future life.

This is what I'd like to say to you at the moment. If you still have any question, please come to my office. Thank you.

16.语法填空

    Everybody, welcome to {#blank#}1{#/blank#}(we) company. I am Luisa, Director of the department. Let me say something to you all. The starting of work can be exciting on the hand, and can also be {#blank#}2{#/blank#}(worry) on the other. No matter what your future job is, you will have to work with others. Leaning to get on well with others must come first,{#blank#}3{#/blank#} (include) all staff in the company and our {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (custom).

    And secondly, right after my introduction, spend some time reading the introduction of our company and get to know the people in your office and find out {#blank#}5{#/blank#} the company is like. This afternoon you can walk around our workshops and know {#blank#}6{#/blank#} (much) about the products. No one is allowed {#blank#}7{#/blank#} (leave) the company before 5:30 pm. By the way, lunchtime {#blank#}8{#/blank#} (come) at 11:50 and it's free {#blank#}9{#/blank#} charge.

    Remember: Learning is so important {#blank#}10{#/blank#} it can change your future life.

This is what I'd like to say to you at the moment. If you still have any question, please come to my office. Thank you.

17.语法填空

    Everybody, welcome to {#blank#}1{#/blank#}(we) company. I am Luisa, Director of the department. Let me say something to you all. The starting of work can be exciting on the hand, and can also be {#blank#}2{#/blank#}(worry) on the other. No matter what your future job is, you will have to work with others. Leaning to get on well with others must come first,{#blank#}3{#/blank#} (include) all staff in the company and our {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (custom).

    And secondly, right after my introduction, spend some time reading the introduction of our company and get to know the people in your office and find out {#blank#}5{#/blank#} the company is like. This afternoon you can walk around our workshops and know {#blank#}6{#/blank#} (much) about the products. No one is allowed {#blank#}7{#/blank#} (leave) the company before 5:30 pm. By the way, lunchtime {#blank#}8{#/blank#} (come) at 11:50 and it's free {#blank#}9{#/blank#} charge.

    Remember: Learning is so important {#blank#}10{#/blank#} it can change your future life.

This is what I'd like to say to you at the moment. If you still have any question, please come to my office. Thank you.

18.

下列哪个角不能由一副三角板作出(  )

19.

下列哪个角不能由一副三角板作出(  )

7.填空题(共2题)

20.
在生活和实验室,我们可以利用过氧化氢制取氧气。
下图为家庭制氧机内桶构造示意图,桶上设有制氧剂投药口和出气口。

已知:
i. 制氧剂的主要成分是过碳酸钠和催化剂;
ii. 本产品用于人体保健吸氧,产生的氧气需通入水中净化。制氧时,从投药口中投入药品后,立即将其关闭。过碳酸钠加入水中后,分解产生过氧化氢;过氧化氢再在催化剂的作用下产生氧气。
(1)过氧化氢发生反应的文字表达为____________________________________。
(2)氧气的出口为__________(填“a”或“b”)。
21.
“酸雨”大家一定听说过,可“碱雨”呢?1958年以来,有人陆续在美国等地收集到碱性雨水(即“碱雨”).“碱雨”是如何形成的?原来,人们向植物施铵态氮肥时,由于某些干旱地区土壤多呈碱性,使得铵态氮肥转化为氨气进入大气,进入大气中的氨遇雨而降便形成了“碱雨”.回答下列问题:
(1)“碱雨”的pH_____7(填“大于”、“小于”或“等于”).
(2)“酸雨”是因为工业生产过程中向大气中大量排放_____造成的.
(3)NH4Cl与Ca(OH)2共热反应的化学方程式为_____.
(4)请为施用铵态氮肥提出一条合理措施.答:_____.

8.实验题(共1题)

22.
用下图装置探究可燃物燃烧的条件。

(1)铜片上白磷燃烧的化学方程式是______。
(2)观察到铜片上白磷燃烧、红磷不燃烧,可知可燃物燃烧的条件之一是______。
(3)水中白磷不燃烧的原因是______。
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    流程题:(1道)

    综合题:(1道)

    计算题:(1道)

    推断题:(1道)

    单选题:(7道)

    选择题:(8道)

    填空题:(2道)

    实验题:(1道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:2

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:6

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:3

    9星难题:3