云南省大理州南涧县乐秋中学2019届九年级上学期期中考试化学试题

适用年级:初三
试卷号:260993

试卷类型:期中
试卷考试时间:2019/4/6

1.简答题(共2题)

1.
如图是某同学设计的探究分子性质的实验,他要在棉花上滴加浓氨水,所需用的仪器名称是_____.他可以观察到的现象是_____,该实验证明了_____.
2.
今年,鸡西市淡水资源短缺,节约用水、污水处理的战役已经打响,作为城市小主人的同学们请回答下列问题:
(1)向水样中加入明矾搅拌溶解,静置一段时间后,进行_____(填操作名称),除去固体小颗粒,再向滤液中加入活性炭,利用其_____性除去水样中的颜色和异味。这样得到的水仍然是硬水,它会给生活带来许多不便,如:_____。
(2)为了判断得到的水是硬水或软水,可加入_____。日常生活中可采用_____的方法将硬水软化。
(3)如图为实验室电解水的装置,a中收集到的气体是_____。该实验说明水是由_____组成的。

(4)节约用水是每个公民的义务,我们应该提倡以下方式中的_____(填字母序号)。
A 用淘米水、洗菜水浇花、冲厕所     B 不间断地放水洗衣服
C 不间断地放水刷牙 D 用喷灌、滴灌的方法浇灌农田和园林。

2.计算题(共1题)

3.
人体缺少钙元素会影响健康,因此每日需摄入足够的钙。市场上某钙制剂的说明书如图所示,请仔细阅读,并进行计算。
XX钙片
(主要成分)葡萄糖酸钙
((C6H11O22Ca)
每片含:(C6H11O72Ca   0.2g
(用量)每曰2次,每次1片
(1)葡萄糖酸钙相对分子质量为_____。
(2)葡萄糖酸钙中氢、氧元素的质量比为_____。
(3)葡萄糖酸钙中钙元素的质量分数为_____(精确到0.1%)。
(4)按说明书服用钙片时,每天能够补充的钙为_____mg。

3.单选题(共16题)

4.
如图是某个化学反应的微观示意图。从图中获得的有关信息中正确的是(  )
A.反应物含3种元素B.反应前后元素种类不变
C.生成了2种物质D.反应前后分子种类不变
5.
生活处处有化学。下列变化属于化学变化的是
A.葡萄酿成酒B.水果榨成果汁 C.蔗糖溶于水 D.汽油挥发
6.
下列有关概念的辨析中正确的是(  )
①分子可分,原子不可分;
②催化剂一定能加快化学反应的速率;
③元素的种类是由原子的中子数决定的;
④由一种元素组成的物质可能是混合物;
⑤带电的粒子不一定是离子;
⑥含有氧元素的物质一定是氧化物.
A.①④B.②③C.④⑤D.⑤⑥
7.
非诺洛芬是一种治疗类风湿性关节炎的药物,化学式为C15H14O3,下列说法不正确的是(  )
A.非诺洛芬由3种元素组成
B.一个非诺洛芬分子中有32个原子
C.非诺洛芬的相对分子质量为242
D.非诺洛芬中碳、氢、氧元素的质量比为15:14:3
8.
医院里的下列物质属于纯净物的是(  )
A.止咳糖浆B.液氧C.生理盐水D.碘酒
9.
下列物质由原子直接构成的是(  )
A.SO2B.KNO3C.HgD.H2SO4
10.
下列符号既表示一种元素,还表示一个原子,同时表示一种单质的是(  )
A.HB.FeC.CO2D.O2
11.
下列符号表示正确的是()
A.2个氮分子:2NB.2个碳酸根离子:2CO32
C.氧化铝元素的化合价:O3D.4个氢原子:2H2
12.
下列物质由原子直接构成的是()
A.SO2B.KNO3C.HgD.H2SO4
13.
下图为元素周期表第4周期的一部分。据此判断下列说法中错误的是
26 Fe

55.85
27 Co

58.93
28 Ni

58.69
29 Cu

63.55
 
A.镍元素的符号为Ni
B.钴元素的相对原子质量是58.93g
C.从左到右各元素的原子序数依次增大
D.各元素都属于金属元素
14.
LiCoO2(钴锂酸)主要用于制造飞机、笔记本电脑及其它便携式电子设备锂离子电池的正极材料。已知LiCoO2中Li元素的化合价为+1价,则Co元素的化合价为
A. +1 B. +2 C. +3 D. +4
15.
下列实验方法一定能达到实验目的是(  )
选项
实验目的
实验方法
A
检验一瓶气体是否为CO2
将燃着的木条伸入瓶中
B
鉴别硬水和软水
使用过滤的方法
C
鉴别水和过氧化氢溶液
加入少量的二氧化锰
D
鉴别氮气和空气
可以用带火星的木条鉴别
 
A.AB.BC.CD.D
16.
对下列实验现象描述错误的是(  )
A.硫在氧气中燃烧发出蓝紫色火焰
B.红磷在空气中燃烧产生大量的白烟
C.木炭在空气中燃烧发出红光,生成黑色固体
D.铁丝在氧气中剧烈燃烧,火星四射,生成黑色固体
17.
下列关于氧气的说法中正确的是
A.氧气在低温、高压的条件下可以转变为液体或固体
B.氧气是植物光合作用的重要来源
C.氧气的化学性质比较活泼,是可燃物
D.因为氧气与氮气的密度不同,所以工业上分离液态空气法制取氧气
18.
某1L纯牛奶的包装盒上面有如下一些数据(每100g内):脂肪≥3.3g、蛋白质≥2.9g、非脂乳固体≥8.1g、钾≥145mg、钙≥115mg.这里的钾、钙是指(  )
A.分子B.原子C.单质D.元素
19.
下列图示实验基本操作错误的是(  )
A.B.
C.D.

4.选择题(共4题)

20.A点在O点北偏东30度6千米处;B点在O点南偏西60度4千米处.

①在图中画出A点和B点.

②过O点作AB的垂线,并标上直角和标记.

21.

阅读理解

    IPhone owners are vainer(虚荣)and spend more on clothes and grooming(仪容)than those who have BlackBerrys and Android phones, new research claims.BlackBerry owners earn the most and are more likely to have long-term relationships, while people with Android handsets are most creative and the best cooks.

    The study, carried out by TalkTalk Mobile, surveyed 2,000 owners of the three major smartphone brands to determine whether the choice of handset was an extension(延伸) of their personality. The study rated users in various walks of life using a point scoring system including personalities, daily habits and the type of industries they work in.

    Other results from the study found that people with an iPhone are more image conscious and generally consider themselves more attractive than those with other handsets. They are most likely to describe themselves as adventurous, bright and are most likely to work in media, publishing and education. They also believe their boss rates them highly. Apple owners also tend to have done more travelling and are the most active on social media sites.

    BlackBerry owners were found to be the least punctual(准时的), but despite putting in the least hours at work they are the most active phone user—sending more texts and making more calls in the average day than any other phone user. They are more social and have more friends overall. They also earn nearly two and a half thousand pounds a year more than other smartphone owners, with an average salary of $27,406. BlackBerry users classed themselves so loud and mainly work in the health, finance or property sectors. They were also found to drink more tea and coffee each day than any other phone user.

    Android owners were found to watch more TV than others and drink the most alcohol—consuming more in an average week than iPhone and BlackBerry drinkers. They have the most jobs in engineering, the government and public services and environmental services. They have the best manners and are more shy and relaxed than their counterparts.

    Dan Meader, Director of Mobile at TalkTalk, said,“Many of us have our mobile phones on us almost constantly so they do become an extension of us in many ways. It's interesting to see then how the choice in handset may reflect different aspects of personality and the results do show some unusual difference

22.

阅读理解

    IPhone owners are vainer(虚荣)and spend more on clothes and grooming(仪容)than those who have BlackBerrys and Android phones, new research claims.BlackBerry owners earn the most and are more likely to have long-term relationships, while people with Android handsets are most creative and the best cooks.

    The study, carried out by TalkTalk Mobile, surveyed 2,000 owners of the three major smartphone brands to determine whether the choice of handset was an extension(延伸) of their personality. The study rated users in various walks of life using a point scoring system including personalities, daily habits and the type of industries they work in.

    Other results from the study found that people with an iPhone are more image conscious and generally consider themselves more attractive than those with other handsets. They are most likely to describe themselves as adventurous, bright and are most likely to work in media, publishing and education. They also believe their boss rates them highly. Apple owners also tend to have done more travelling and are the most active on social media sites.

    BlackBerry owners were found to be the least punctual(准时的), but despite putting in the least hours at work they are the most active phone user—sending more texts and making more calls in the average day than any other phone user. They are more social and have more friends overall. They also earn nearly two and a half thousand pounds a year more than other smartphone owners, with an average salary of $27,406. BlackBerry users classed themselves so loud and mainly work in the health, finance or property sectors. They were also found to drink more tea and coffee each day than any other phone user.

    Android owners were found to watch more TV than others and drink the most alcohol—consuming more in an average week than iPhone and BlackBerry drinkers. They have the most jobs in engineering, the government and public services and environmental services. They have the best manners and are more shy and relaxed than their counterparts.

    Dan Meader, Director of Mobile at TalkTalk, said,“Many of us have our mobile phones on us almost constantly so they do become an extension of us in many ways. It's interesting to see then how the choice in handset may reflect different aspects of personality and the results do show some unusual difference

23.

阅读理解

    IPhone owners are vainer(虚荣)and spend more on clothes and grooming(仪容)than those who have BlackBerrys and Android phones, new research claims.BlackBerry owners earn the most and are more likely to have long-term relationships, while people with Android handsets are most creative and the best cooks.

    The study, carried out by TalkTalk Mobile, surveyed 2,000 owners of the three major smartphone brands to determine whether the choice of handset was an extension(延伸) of their personality. The study rated users in various walks of life using a point scoring system including personalities, daily habits and the type of industries they work in.

    Other results from the study found that people with an iPhone are more image conscious and generally consider themselves more attractive than those with other handsets. They are most likely to describe themselves as adventurous, bright and are most likely to work in media, publishing and education. They also believe their boss rates them highly. Apple owners also tend to have done more travelling and are the most active on social media sites.

    BlackBerry owners were found to be the least punctual(准时的), but despite putting in the least hours at work they are the most active phone user—sending more texts and making more calls in the average day than any other phone user. They are more social and have more friends overall. They also earn nearly two and a half thousand pounds a year more than other smartphone owners, with an average salary of $27,406. BlackBerry users classed themselves so loud and mainly work in the health, finance or property sectors. They were also found to drink more tea and coffee each day than any other phone user.

    Android owners were found to watch more TV than others and drink the most alcohol—consuming more in an average week than iPhone and BlackBerry drinkers. They have the most jobs in engineering, the government and public services and environmental services. They have the best manners and are more shy and relaxed than their counterparts.

    Dan Meader, Director of Mobile at TalkTalk, said,“Many of us have our mobile phones on us almost constantly so they do become an extension of us in many ways. It's interesting to see then how the choice in handset may reflect different aspects of personality and the results do show some unusual difference

5.填空题(共3题)

24.
化学基础知识是学好化学的关键,请按下列要求填空。
(1)请用化学符号填空:
①2个氧原子_____;
②2个二氧化碳分子_____;
③氢氧化铜_____;
④铵根离子_____;
⑤地壳中含量最多的金属元素_____;
⑥二氧化硫中硫元素的化合价_____;
⑦保持水的化学性质的最小粒子是_____。
(2)写出符号“2NH3”中数字的含义:①“2”_____;②“3”_____。
(3)写出符号“2Fe3+”中数字的含义:①“2”_____;②“3”_____。
25.
图A是钠元素在元素周期周期表中的信息,B、C、D分别是三种元素的原子结构示意图,根据题中信息回答下列问题:

(1)请画出11号元素原子结构示意图_____,化学反应中该原子比较容易_____(填“得到”或“失去”)电子变成离子,离子符号为_____.
(2)如图A所示:钠原子的核电荷数是_____,钠原子的相对原子质量是_____.
(3)图B、C、D中表示金属元素的是_____(填序号).
(4)图C和D所属元素形成的化合物的化学式为_____.
26.
生活中处处有化学.根据①氦气②氢气③氮气④氧气等物质的性质或用途,填写下列空格(填序号):
(1)可以燃烧的气体是_____;
(2)人类生命活动离不开的气体是_____;
(3)新鲜的“蛋黄派”袋内被空气含量(体积分数)最多的气体充得鼓鼓的,这种气体是_____;
(4)可填充霓虹灯且通电时会发出有色光的气体是_____.

6.实验题(共3题)

27.
测定空气中氧气体积分数的实验装置如图所示.在集气瓶内加入少量水并五等分水面以上的容积,做上记号.用弹簧夹夹紧乳胶管.点燃燃烧匙内足量的红磷后,立即伸入瓶中并把塞子塞紧.

(1)写出红磷在空气中燃烧的化学方程式:_____.
(2)待红磷熄灭并冷却后,打开弹簧夹,观察到烧杯中的水进入集气瓶,瓶内水面最终上升至约1刻度处.由此可知氧气约占空气总体积的_____.
(3)该实验中红磷要足量,你的理由是_____.
28.
甲、乙是两个实验示意图,根据图中所发生的化学反应现象及化学反应原理,进行总结归纳并回答下列问题:

(1)所发生的二个反应有共同点:集气瓶底部预先均装有少量水.
它们的作用分别是:甲中_____,乙中_____.
(2)通过比较,发现它们还有许多相似之处,请你写出其中两点:
①_____,②_____;
(3)写出其中一个反应的文字表达式:_____.
29.
实验室常用下列装置来制取氧气:

(1)写出图中有标号仪器的名称:①_____、②_____;
(2)用过氧化氢和二氧化锰来制取氧气时,可选用的发生装置是_____(填序号);
(3)用高锰酸钾制取氧气时,发生反应的化学式表达式(或化学方程式)为_____;
(4)若用装置E收集氧气,检验氧气是否集满的方是_____;
(5)欲使用装置F用排空气法收集氧气,则气体应从_____(填“a”或“b”)端通入;欲使用装置F用排水法收集氧气,先将瓶中装满水,再将气体从_____(填“a”或“b”)端通入。
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    简答题:(2道)

    计算题:(1道)

    单选题:(16道)

    选择题:(4道)

    填空题:(3道)

    实验题:(3道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:1

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:19

    9星难题:5