1.计算题- (共1题)
2.推断题- (共1题)
A.其中A在常温下是液体,固体B的俗称为干冰。 |

(1)G物质是_____;碳应放在位置_____上。
(2)B和C反应的化学方程式为_____,反应类型为_____反应。
(3)写出A~G传递过程中置换反应的化学方程式_____。
3.流程题- (共1题)

(1)过程I中会发生:2Cu+2H2SO4+O2

(2)过程Ⅱ是先加入过量B,充分反应后再进行分离.分离操作的名称是_____,过滤该操作中用到的玻璃仪器有烧杯、玻璃棒和_____,玻璃棒的作用是_____.
(3)物质D是一种酸,过程Ⅲ反应的化学方程式为_____;判断固体C中的非铜杂质被物质D反应完全的现象是:继续加入D时无_____.
(4)A~E中含铜、锌两种元素的有_____(填字母序号).
4.科学探究题- (共1题)
(提出猜想)放出的气体可能是SO2、O2、H2,提出猜想的依据是______。
(查阅资料)SO2易溶于水,化学性质与二氧化碳有相似之处,它能使澄清石灰水变浑浊,生成CaSO3。
(方案设计)依据上述猜想,实验小组同学分别设计了如下方案:
(1)甲同学认为是O2,则检验方法是______。
(2)乙同学认为是SO2,则需将放出的气体通入澄清石灰水中,看澄清石灰水是否变浑浊。写出SO2与Ca(OH)2反应的化学方程式______。
(3)实验小组同学在老师的指导下合作设计了如下组合实验方案(浓H2SO4用于干燥气体),排除和验证猜想的气体。

(实验探究)实验开始时,先将收集到的气体从a通入一段时间后,再点燃C处酒精灯;这样操作的目的是______。
实验过程中发现A装置中溶液不变浑浊,C装置中表面含CuO的铜网由黑色变为光亮的红色;
C装置中发生反应的化学方程式______。
结论:铁粉与硫酸铜溶液反应时,产生的气体是______。
(思维拓展)由上述实验可以推出,硫酸铜溶液中可能含有______。
5.单选题- (共11题)
A. 氧化物一定含有氧元素,所以KClO3是氧化物
B. 化学变化往往伴随发光发热等现象,所以有发光发热现象的一定是物质发生了化学变化
C. 氢气的密度小于空气,可用向下排空气法收集,所以密度小于空气的气体均可用向下排空气法收集
D. 元素的化学性质与原子最外层电子数最密切,金刚石、石墨都是由碳元素组成的单质,所以它们的化学性质相似
A.新元素的原子序数为78 |
B.新元素原子的质子数为118 |
C.新元素的相对原子质量为118 |
D.变化过程中元素种类没有发生改变 |
A.为防治空气污染,应加强工业废气处理 |
B.为节约用水,用工业废水直接浇灌农田 |
C.为节约化石燃料,应开发和使用新能源 |
D.为防止铁制品生锈,常在其表面覆盖保护层 |
A.活性炭能使海水转化为淡水 |
B.长期饮用蒸馏水有利于人体健康 |
C.明矾可除去溶解在水中的钙、镁化合物 |
D.可用电解水的实验得出水是由氢、氧元素组成的结论 |
A.乙醇汽油中添加的乙醇属于可再生能源 |
B.人类通过化石燃料获得能量的过程是物理变化 |
C.将煤球制成“蜂窝煤”是为了增大与空气的接触面积,使其燃烧更充分 |
D.我国南海海底储藏了大量“可燃冰”,它将成为替代化石燃料的新能源 |
6.选择题- (共2题)
What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn't a prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can(装罐)and preserve much of the food they consume.
Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that everyone has the ability to control what's on their plate.
Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. “I got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs (香草) and foods for that fresh flavor,” she said. Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.
“I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,” Loe said. Through her website Loe emphasizes that “anybody can do this anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony (阳台)? Plant some herbs. A window? Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they're very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. “I think it's a great place to start.” “Then? Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea.”
Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food. Loe noted, there's a moment when it's bursting with its absolute peak flavor. “I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,” Loe said. “Canning for me is about knowing what's in your food, knowing where it comes from.”
In addition to being more in touch with the food she's eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children: “Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,” she said, “that if we don't take care of the earth, no one will.”
7.填空题- (共6题)
燃料 | 燃烧产物质量/g | |
CO2 | SO2 | |
汽油 | 2900 | 5.0 |
天然气 | 2500 | 0.1 |
煤 | 2500 | 11.0 |
①其中较清洁的燃料是______,使用______做燃料时最易形成酸雨。

②酸雨形成过程中某一步反应的微观示意图如下图所示。则该反应的化学方程式为______。
周期\族 | IA | IA | IIA | IVA | VA | VIA | VIIA | 0 |
2 | 3Li 锂 6.941 | 4Be 皱 9.012 | 5B 硼 10.81 | 6C 碳 12.01 | 7N 氮 14.01 | 8o 氧 16.00 | 9F 氟 19.00 | 10Ne 氛 20.18 |
3 | 11Na 钠 22.99 | 12Mg 镁 24.31 | 13Al 铝 26.98 | 14Si 硅 28.09 | 15P 磷 30.97 | 16S 硫 32.06 | 17C1 氯 35.45 | 18Ar 氩 39.95 |
(1)请从上表中查出关于硼元素的一条信息:_____.
(2)第3周期(横行)中属于金属元素的是_____(填一种),其离子符号是_____.
(3)第11号元素与第17号元素组成的化合物的化学式是_____,构成该物质的微粒是_____(选填“分子”、“原子”或“离子”).
(4)在元素周期表中,同一族(纵行)的元素具有相似的化学性质.则下列各组元素具有相似化学性质的是_____(填标号).
aC和Ne bBe和Mg cAl和Si dF和Cl
(1)薄荷脑______氧化物(填“是”或“不是”).
(2)薄荷脑由______种元素组成;碳、氢原子个数比为______(填最简比).
(3)薄荷脑中碳元素的质量分数为______.(精确到0.1%)
(4)______g薄荷脑含60g碳元素.
(1)黑色的固体______;
(2)人体中含量最多的物质______
(3)能支持燃烧的气体______;
(4)参与植物光合作用的气体______。
(1)硬水给生活和生产带来很多麻烦,生活中可用______来区分硬水和软水;
(2)我国淡水资源非常有限的国家,爱护水资源是每个公民的责任和义务。下列行为属于浪费水的是______(填字母编号);
A.洗手擦香皂时不关水龙头 | B.用洗菜水浇花 |
C.用洗衣水冲厕所 | D.用自来水不断为西瓜冲水降温 |

8.实验题- (共1题)

(1)写出仪器a、b的名称。a是______;b是______。
(2)若用B装置制氧气,反应的化学方程式______。
(3)甲烷是密度小于空气、难溶于水的气体,实验室用加热无水醋酸钠和碱石灰的固体混合物制取甲烷。制取甲烷的发生装置应选择______(填装置编号,下同),收集装置应选______。
(4)如图是“空气中氧气体积分数测定”实验的改进装置。主要操作是:在实际容积为150mL的集气瓶里,先装进50mL的水,再按图连好仪器,按下热的玻璃棒,白磷立即被点燃。

①白磷从燃烧到熄灭冷却的过程中,瓶内水面的变化是______;若实验非常成功,最终集气瓶中水的体积约为______mL;反应的化学方程式是______。
②集气瓶里预先装进的50mL水,在实验过程中起到哪些作用?______(填写序号)。
a.加快集气瓶冷却 b.液封导气管末端以防气体逸出 c.缓冲集气瓶内气压的骤然升高
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【1】题量占比
计算题:(1道)
推断题:(1道)
流程题:(1道)
科学探究题:(1道)
单选题:(11道)
选择题:(2道)
填空题:(6道)
实验题:(1道)
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【2】:难度分析
1星难题:0
2星难题:0
3星难题:0
4星难题:0
5星难题:0
6星难题:8
7星难题:0
8星难题:11
9星难题:3