1.简答题- (共6题)
(1)请你根据所学的化学知识,谈一谈产生雾霾天气的两点原因。
(2)为减少雾霾天气的发生,请你提两条合理化建议。

(1)夹取细铁丝的仪器叫________,要先把铁丝弯成螺旋状的原因是________________________________,反应属于__________反应。(填基本化学反应类型)
(2)某同学取一段纱窗网上的细铁丝,在自己收集的一瓶氧气中做“铁丝在氧气中燃烧”的实验,结果没有观察到应有的现象,请你帮助他分析一下实验失败的原因可能有哪些?(写出两条)______________________________________________________________________;
______________________________________________________________________。
①加热前,试管外壁有水未擦干即加热:_____。②加热时,试管口对着人:____。
③加热后,立即用冷水冲洗热的试管:______________________________。
2.单选题- (共14题)
项目 | 空气污染指数(![]() | 空气质量级别 | 空气质量综述 |
总悬浮颗粒物 | 52 | Ⅱ | 良 |
二氧化硫 | 7 | ||
二氧化氮 | 24 |
A.焚烧垃圾 | B.使用含磷洗衣粉 |
C.汽车排放的尾气 | D.用煤和石油产品作燃料 |
A.氧气是无色无味的无毒气体 | B.氧气可以燃烧 |
C.吸氧为人体呼吸提供了适量的氧气 | D.氧气可以支持燃烧 |
A.硫在空气中燃烧发出蓝紫色火焰,生成一种有刺激性气味的气体 |
B.红磷在空气中燃烧产生大量的白色烟雾 |
C.木炭在氧气中燃烧发出白光,生成使石灰水变浑浊气体 |
D.铁丝在氧气中剧烈燃烧,火星四射,生成黑色的四氧化三铁固体 |
A.空气中还有很多物质,其中只有氧气是有用的,其他是有害的 |
B.空气中只有氧气能提供呼吸,氮气不能供给呼吸,但对人体有害 |
C.把空气中的其他成分都分离出去,只留下氧气,更对人类有利 |
D.空气是由多种物质组成的,是维持自然生命的支柱,防止空气污染是极其重要的 |
3.选择题- (共4题)
Comets(彗星) are parts of our solar system. Like the planets, they go around the sun.
But comets are not made of solid rocks like planets. A comet is a ball of dust, stones, and ice. Many people call comets dirty snowballs.
The "snowball"may be only a few miles across. But when the sun heats the "snowball,"much of it is changed to gases. The gases spread out and form the comet's head, which may be thousands of miles across.
A comet moves fast in its trip around the sun. But when we see it, the comet does not seem to move. That's because it is so far away. The moon moves fast, but when you look at it, you can't see any motion(运动). That's because the moon is far away.
Each year astronomers(天文学家) discover new comets. Some of them are seen only once. They make one trip around the sun and then go away out into space. The sun's gravity cannot hold them.
Other comets, like Halley, keep returning. They have been captured by the sun. Halley's earliest visit was probably 3,000 years ago. It may keep returning for another 3,000 years.
But every time a comet goes around the sun, the comet loses part of itself. Gases and dust are pulled out of the comet. That's why Halley is now dimmer(暗淡的) than it used to be. Next time it visits us, in 2062, it may be even dimmer. Each visit it may get dimmer and dimmer, until it finally disappears.
4.填空题- (共3题)
①木炭在氧气中燃烧:_____________。
②硫在氧气中燃烧:_______________。
③铁在氧气中燃烧:____________________________________。
(1)占空气总体积21%的气体是________; (2)可导致温室效应的气体是__________;
(3)可制多种电光源的气体是__________; (4)可制氮肥的气体是_______________。
① 小白鼠在装有空气的密闭容器中可存活一段时间,说明空气中含有___________
② 石灰水长期露置在空气中会出现白色固体物质,说明空气中含有_____________
③ 夏天,盛放冰棒的杯子外壁上附有一层水珠,说明空气中含有________________
5.实验题- (共2题)
(1)第一组同学按图进行了测定空气中氧气含的实验:

①小明将燃烧匙中的过量红磷点燃后放集气瓶中,能观察到的现象是_______________________。此实验为什么要求红磷要过量?____________________________________________,
反应的文字表达式是:_____________________________。
②红磷燃烧结束后冷却,打开弹簧夹,烧杯中的水会进入集气瓶,进入的水的体积达到集气瓶空气体积的_________。
③此实验说明空气中有_________气,大约占空气总体积_________,剩余气体主要是______气。
④已知:镁+氧气


根据上述反应,能否用镁代替磷测定空气中氧气所占的体积分数?____。
(2)第二小组进行实验(如图所示):

①该小组实验失败了,主要原因是________________________。
②若不改变原装置,要使实验成功,你的改进意见:_____________________________________________________________________。
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【1】题量占比
简答题:(6道)
单选题:(14道)
选择题:(4道)
填空题:(3道)
实验题:(2道)
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【2】:难度分析
1星难题:0
2星难题:0
3星难题:0
4星难题:0
5星难题:0
6星难题:3
7星难题:0
8星难题:7
9星难题:15