山东省菏泽市东明县2017-2018学年八年级(下)期末数学试卷

适用年级:初二
试卷号:190937

试卷类型:期末
试卷考试时间:2019/6/11

1.单选题(共6题)

1.
a是(﹣4)2的平方根,b的一个平方根是2,则a+b的立方根为(  )
A.0B.2C.0或2D.0或﹣2
2.
下面式子从左边到右边的变形是因式分解的是(  )
A.x2﹣x﹣2=x(x﹣1)﹣2B.x2﹣4x+4=(x﹣2)2
C.(x+1)(x﹣1)=x2﹣1D.x﹣1=x(1﹣
3.
运用分式的性质,下列计算正确的是(  )
A.B.C.D.
4.
不等式组的正整数解的个数有()
A.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个
5.
如图,在等腰三角形ABC中,ABACDE垂直平分AB,已知∠ADE=40°,则∠DBC的度数是(  )
A.15°B.20°C.40°D.50°
6.
如图,▱ABCD中,对角线AC,BD交于点O,点E是BC的中点.若OE=3 cm,则AB的长为(  )
A.12 cmB.9 cmC.6 cmD.3 cm

2.选择题(共2题)

7.

阅读理解

       Blind tasting is a very strange activity. Contrary to what many imagine, it has nothing to do with blindfolds. It involves tasting a wine without seeing the label and it can deliver shocking surprises. I tasted seven champagnes(香槟) blind with a group of professionals recently. There was a shock when they discovered the wine most of them preferred carried a label they regarded as their least favorite. That sort of result is especially common with champagne, the most image­driven rather than quality­driven wine of all. But it happens all the time when wine is tasted blind.

       Because I'm interested in how wines really taste instead of how I think they should, I taste wine blind as often as I can, especially when assessing similar young wines. But blind tasting when you know absolutely nothing about the wine in front of you is something completely different. The most difficult Master of Wine exams include three sessions during which you have a dozen glasses in front of you and nothing more helpful than a printed exam paper asking you to identify (鉴定) each wine as closely as possible, and assess its quality.         

        Now that the MW is behind me, I taste wine completely blind only very rarely, and never in public. So my blind tastings these days are round the dinner table with good friends and once a year when I act as a judge, with Hugh Johnson,  in the Oxford & Cambridge wine­tasting competition. This is the most extraordinary match, always held before the Boat Race but taken just as seriously nowadays. This year's taste­off took place at the end of last month, as usual in the Oxford and Cambridge Club on Pall Mall in London.   

8.

阅读理解

       Blind tasting is a very strange activity. Contrary to what many imagine, it has nothing to do with blindfolds. It involves tasting a wine without seeing the label and it can deliver shocking surprises. I tasted seven champagnes(香槟) blind with a group of professionals recently. There was a shock when they discovered the wine most of them preferred carried a label they regarded as their least favorite. That sort of result is especially common with champagne, the most image­driven rather than quality­driven wine of all. But it happens all the time when wine is tasted blind.

       Because I'm interested in how wines really taste instead of how I think they should, I taste wine blind as often as I can, especially when assessing similar young wines. But blind tasting when you know absolutely nothing about the wine in front of you is something completely different. The most difficult Master of Wine exams include three sessions during which you have a dozen glasses in front of you and nothing more helpful than a printed exam paper asking you to identify (鉴定) each wine as closely as possible, and assess its quality.         

        Now that the MW is behind me, I taste wine completely blind only very rarely, and never in public. So my blind tastings these days are round the dinner table with good friends and once a year when I act as a judge, with Hugh Johnson,  in the Oxford & Cambridge wine­tasting competition. This is the most extraordinary match, always held before the Boat Race but taken just as seriously nowadays. This year's taste­off took place at the end of last month, as usual in the Oxford and Cambridge Club on Pall Mall in London.   

3.填空题(共5题)

9.
已知方程组,则x+y的值是____.
10.
一次函数y1=kx+b与y2=x+a的图象如图,则下列结论:①k<0;②a>0;③关于x的方程kx﹣x=a﹣b的解是x=3;④当x<3时,y1<y2中.则正确的序号有________.
11.
等腰三角形的一个内角是30°,则另两个角的度数分别为___.
12.
命题“等腰三角形两底角相等”的逆命题是___________________________________。
13.
经过多边形一个顶点共有5条对角线,若这个多边形是正多边形,则它的每一个外角是__度.

4.解答题(共9题)

14.
因式分解:
(1)axy)﹣byx2
(2)2x3﹣8x2+8x
15.
先化简,再求值:÷(x),其中x+1.
16.
某商店购进甲、乙两种商品,已知每件甲种商品的价格比每件乙种商品的价格贵5元,用360元购买甲种商品的件数恰好与用300元购买乙种商品的件数相同.
(1)求甲、乙两种商品每件的价格各是多少元?
(2)若商店计划购买这两种商品共40件,且投入的经费不超过1150元,那么,最多可购买多少件甲种商品?
17.
关于xy的方程组的解满足x﹣2y≥1,求满足条件的k的最大整数值.
18.
解分式方程:
19.
如图,直线l1x轴于A(3,0),交y轴于B(0,﹣2)
(1)求直线l1的表达式;
(2)将l1向上平移到C(0,3),得到直线l2,写出l2的表达式;
(3)过点A作直线l3x轴,交l2于点D,求四边形ABCD的面积.
20.
如图,在△ABC中,∠C=90°,AM平分∠CABCM=20cmAB=70cm,求△ABM的面积.
21.
阅读理解
在△ABC中,ABBCAC三边的长分别为、2,求这个三角形的面积.
解法一:如图1,因为△ABC是等腰三角形,并且底AC=2,根据勾股定理可以求得底边的高AF为1,所以SABC×2×1=1.
解法二:建立边长为1的正方形网格,在网格中画出△ABC,使△ABC三个顶点都在小正方形的顶点处,如图2所示,借用网格面积可得SABCS矩形ADECSABDSEBC=1.
方法迁移:请解答下面的问题:
在△ABC中,ABACBC三边的长分别为,求这个三角形的面积.
22.
如图,在ABCD中,E、F分别是AB、CD的中点.
(1)求证:四边形EBFD为平行四边形;
(2)对角线AC分别与DE、BF交于点M、N.求证:△ABN≌△CDM.
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(6道)

    选择题:(2道)

    填空题:(5道)

    解答题:(9道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:8

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:9

    9星难题:3