河北省承德一中2017-2018学年高一第二次月考物理试题

适用年级:高一
试卷号:95409

试卷类型:月考
试卷考试时间:2017/11/4

1.单选题(共5题)

1.
对加速度的理解,下列说法中正确的是()
A.物体只要存在加速度,物体的速度就增大
B.只要物体的加速度为正,物体的速度一定增大
C.加速度在减小,物体的速度和位移可能都在增大
D.物体的加速度增大,物体的速度变化率可能越来越小
2.
蹦床是运动员在一张绷紧的弹性网上蹦跳、翻滚并做各种空中动作的运动项目,一个运动员从高处自由落下,以大小为8m/s的竖直速度着网,与网作用后,沿着竖直方向以大小为10m/s的速度弹回,已知运动员与网接触的时间△t=1.2s,那么运动员在与网接触的这段时间内平均加速度的大小是()
A.6.67m/s2B.1.67m/s2C.8.5m/s2D.15m/s2
3.
从离地面3m高处竖直向上抛出一个小球,它上升5m后回落,最后到达地面。此过程中()
A.小球通过的路程是8m
B.小球的位移大小是13m
C.小球的位移大小是3m
D.小球的位移方向竖直向上
4.
一辆汽车在平直的公路上行驶,刹车后到停下前它的位移与时间的关系x=24t–3t2,以下说法正确的有(   )
A.汽车运动的加速度大小为3m/s2
B.第1s末物体的速度为21m/s
C.汽车在最初2s内的平均速度为18m/s
D.前5s内汽车的位移为45m
5.
关于自由落体运动,下列说法中正确的是(g取9.8m/s2)()
A.只在重力作用下的竖直向下的运动是自由落体运动
B.物体刚下落时,速度和加速度都为零
C.物体越重,下落得越快
D.下落过程中,物体速度每秒增加9.8m/s

2.选择题(共4题)

6.

已知圆锥的母线长为5,底面半径为3,则圆锥的表面积为(   )

7.

已知圆锥的母线长为5,底面半径为3,则圆锥的表面积为(   )

8.

阅读理解

    Bit by bit, the sand dust that fills the sky is dying down. The blue sky and the burning sun once again hang over the desert.

    He is on the road, driving his beat-up yellow cab. The sides of the road are littered with damaged vehicles. Masses of smoke in the distance tell him that a war is being dragged on throughout his country.

    It's a fine day despite the choking heat. Not a breath of wind is blowing.

    A group of vehicles are traveling towards him, carrying many passengers. The scene reminds him of the market days in this country when crowds of trucks transport folks to the markets; the only difference is, this time, they are not trucks, but tanks, carrying foreigners, guns in hand. He stares at them. They stare back. So they pass by one another.

    “The damned war!” he whispers bitterly. Two days ago, a bomb fell on the market in front of his house, destroying nearly everything in sight. He survived by luck. He decided then and there that he would give up this cab business. This will be his final run. After this, he will leave this place together with his wife and children.

    “Shala and my children, we'll soon meet each other again, after I'm done here.” He turns his head to take a glance at a photo of his wife and children. The glass on the frame is broken, but their smiles in the picture do not fail to provide him with the only comfort that he has.

    Shortly he arrives at a checkpoint. Tanks sit by the side of the road, the sight of which sends a marked coldness through his backbone. A bunch of soldiers armed to the teeth stand by. A foreign soldier signals him to stop. He calms himself down and pulls over. During the past few days, nearly no civilian(平民)vehicles come out of the capital city, his car being the only one on roads.

    A few foreign soldiers come up to him, one, two, three, four, five. The leader bends over to have a look at the old car, then at him. “Where do you come from and where are you going?” With a smile on his face, he answers with a broken speech in the tongue that the soldier can understand, “Sir, I come from the capital. I'm leaving that place because it is a very dangerous place to be, with the war and everything.”

    While talking, he hands a cigarette over to the soldier, then lights it up for him.

    “When will the war end?” he asks.

    “It won't take long. We'll soon give all of you in the capital the true freedom.” The soldier breathes a deep mouthful. He seems to have spotted the photo in the car, “The cigarette is not bad at all. Are those your wife and kids? I have two of my own, roughly the same age.”

    “Oh, yes, they are mine and they are constantly on my mind. They left the city a bit earlier, and I'm on my way to be reunited with them. Perhaps I'm never coming back. Driving a cab around during war times is too dangerous. I'm giving up the business.” He looks at the soldier, still smiling.

    “After we overthrow your dictator(独裁者), you won't have that to worry about. You can come back and pick up your life again.” The soldier is leaning on the door of the car. It is perhaps the first time in many days that he has seen a happy face among the local people. It cheers him up.

    “Maybe, but I have to go to see my family. If you would pay us a visit, my wife will prepare a good meal for all of you. Come with me. This is going to be my last business run and I won't even charge you.

    “Can't make it. We're on duty. Give our regards to your wife and kids.” The soldier is a bit excited, thinking maybe quite some locals have open arms for them after all. “Oh, yes, I almost forgot. The south is battle-infected. Where is your family?”

    Still smiling, he picks up the broken picture frame, presses a kiss on the photo, then turns around, staring into the eyes of that soldier, not quite himself from excitement, and the other foreign soldiers holding guns. Words drop out of his lips slowly but firmly: “Paradise.”

    Perhaps the last thing he sees is the confused, fearful, twisted expression on the face of that soldier, and the cigarette end dropping from his fingers. Then he pushes the button.

9.

阅读理解

    Bit by bit, the sand dust that fills the sky is dying down. The blue sky and the burning sun once again hang over the desert.

    He is on the road, driving his beat-up yellow cab. The sides of the road are littered with damaged vehicles. Masses of smoke in the distance tell him that a war is being dragged on throughout his country.

    It's a fine day despite the choking heat. Not a breath of wind is blowing.

    A group of vehicles are traveling towards him, carrying many passengers. The scene reminds him of the market days in this country when crowds of trucks transport folks to the markets; the only difference is, this time, they are not trucks, but tanks, carrying foreigners, guns in hand. He stares at them. They stare back. So they pass by one another.

    “The damned war!” he whispers bitterly. Two days ago, a bomb fell on the market in front of his house, destroying nearly everything in sight. He survived by luck. He decided then and there that he would give up this cab business. This will be his final run. After this, he will leave this place together with his wife and children.

    “Shala and my children, we'll soon meet each other again, after I'm done here.” He turns his head to take a glance at a photo of his wife and children. The glass on the frame is broken, but their smiles in the picture do not fail to provide him with the only comfort that he has.

    Shortly he arrives at a checkpoint. Tanks sit by the side of the road, the sight of which sends a marked coldness through his backbone. A bunch of soldiers armed to the teeth stand by. A foreign soldier signals him to stop. He calms himself down and pulls over. During the past few days, nearly no civilian(平民)vehicles come out of the capital city, his car being the only one on roads.

    A few foreign soldiers come up to him, one, two, three, four, five. The leader bends over to have a look at the old car, then at him. “Where do you come from and where are you going?” With a smile on his face, he answers with a broken speech in the tongue that the soldier can understand, “Sir, I come from the capital. I'm leaving that place because it is a very dangerous place to be, with the war and everything.”

    While talking, he hands a cigarette over to the soldier, then lights it up for him.

    “When will the war end?” he asks.

    “It won't take long. We'll soon give all of you in the capital the true freedom.” The soldier breathes a deep mouthful. He seems to have spotted the photo in the car, “The cigarette is not bad at all. Are those your wife and kids? I have two of my own, roughly the same age.”

    “Oh, yes, they are mine and they are constantly on my mind. They left the city a bit earlier, and I'm on my way to be reunited with them. Perhaps I'm never coming back. Driving a cab around during war times is too dangerous. I'm giving up the business.” He looks at the soldier, still smiling.

    “After we overthrow your dictator(独裁者), you won't have that to worry about. You can come back and pick up your life again.” The soldier is leaning on the door of the car. It is perhaps the first time in many days that he has seen a happy face among the local people. It cheers him up.

    “Maybe, but I have to go to see my family. If you would pay us a visit, my wife will prepare a good meal for all of you. Come with me. This is going to be my last business run and I won't even charge you.

    “Can't make it. We're on duty. Give our regards to your wife and kids.” The soldier is a bit excited, thinking maybe quite some locals have open arms for them after all. “Oh, yes, I almost forgot. The south is battle-infected. Where is your family?”

    Still smiling, he picks up the broken picture frame, presses a kiss on the photo, then turns around, staring into the eyes of that soldier, not quite himself from excitement, and the other foreign soldiers holding guns. Words drop out of his lips slowly but firmly: “Paradise.”

    Perhaps the last thing he sees is the confused, fearful, twisted expression on the face of that soldier, and the cigarette end dropping from his fingers. Then he pushes the button.

3.多选题(共3题)

10.
物体沿一直线运动,在t1时间内通过的路程为x,它中间位置x处的速度为v1,在中间时刻t1的速度为v2,则v1和v2的关系为()
A.物体做匀加速直线运动,v1>v2
B.物体做匀减速运动,v1>v2
C.物体做匀速直线运动,v1=v2
D.物体做匀减速直线运动,v1<v2
11.
关于匀变速直线运动,下列叙述中正确的是(    )
A.是位移随时间均匀变化的运动B.是速度随时间均匀变化的运动
C.是加速度随时间均匀变化的运动D.图象是一条倾斜的直线
12.
物体从静止开始做匀加速直线运动,已知第4s内与第2s内的位移之差是12m,则可知:
A.第1 s内的位移为3 m
B.第2s末的速度为8 m/s
C.物体运动的加速度为2m/s2
D.物体在5s内的平均速度为15 m/s

4.填空题(共1题)

13.
做匀减速直线运动的物体经后停止,若在第内的位移是,则最后内的位移是__________

5.解答题(共3题)

14.
小球从斜面的顶端以初速度v0=2 m/s,加速度a=2 m/s2沿斜面向下匀加速滑行,在到达斜面底端前一秒内所通过的位移是斜面长的7/15,求:
(1)斜面的长度?
(2)小球到达斜面底端的速度大小?
15.
一物体做自由落体运动,落地时的速度为
问:物体下落的高度
物体在前2s内的平均速度
最后一秒内物体下落的高度.
16.
某一长直赛道上,有一辆F1赛车,前方200m处有一安全车正以10m/s的速度匀速前进,这时赛车从静止出发以2m/s2的加速度追赶.求:
(1)赛车何时追上安全车;
(2)追上之前与安全车最远相距多大;
(3)当赛车刚追上安全车时,赛车手立即刹车,使赛车以4m/s2的加速度做匀减速直线运动,问两车再经过多长时间再次相遇.(设赛车可以从安全车旁经过而不发生相撞)

6.实验题(共2题)

17.
在“探究小车速度随时间变化规律”的实验中
(1)根据打点计时器打出的纸带,可以直接测量得到的物理量是____(填选项代号).
A.位移 B.速度 C.加速度 D.平均速度
(2)下列操作中正确的有_____(填选项代号).
A.在释放小车前,小车要靠近打点计时器
B.打点计时器应放在长木板的有滑轮一端
C.应先接通电源,后释放小车
D.打点计时器应使用直流电源
18.
某同学在做“研究匀变速直线运动”实验中
(1)如图所示,由打点计时器得到表示小车运动过程的一条清晰纸带,纸带上两相邻计数点的时间间隔为T=0.10s,其中S1=7.05cm、S2=7.68cm、S3=8.33cm、S4=8.95cm、S5=9.61cm、S6=10.26cm,则A点处瞬时速度的大小是_____________m/s,小车运动的加速度计算表达式为_______________,加速度的大小是_______________m/s2(计算结果保留两位有效数字).

(2)打点计时器使用的电源的频率是50Hz,若在测定匀变速直线运动的加速度时,交流电的频率为45Hz而未被发觉,这样计算出的加速度值与真实值相比___________(填“偏大”、“偏小”或“不变”).
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(5道)

    选择题:(4道)

    多选题:(3道)

    填空题:(1道)

    解答题:(3道)

    实验题:(2道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:9

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:4

    9星难题:1