湖南省衡阳县第三中学2017-2018学年高一上学期期中考试物理试题

适用年级:高一
试卷号:95406

试卷类型:期中
试卷考试时间:2017/12/22

1.单选题(共6题)

1.
对加速度的理解,下列说法中正确的是()
A.物体只要存在加速度,物体的速度就增大
B.只要物体的加速度为正,物体的速度一定增大
C.加速度在减小,物体的速度和位移可能都在增大
D.物体的加速度增大,物体的速度变化率可能越来越小
2.
蹦床是运动员在一张绷紧的弹性网上蹦跳、翻滚并做各种空中动作的运动项目,一个运动员从高处自由落下,以大小为8m/s的竖直速度着网,与网作用后,沿着竖直方向以大小为10m/s的速度弹回,已知运动员与网接触的时间△t=1.2s,那么运动员在与网接触的这段时间内平均加速度的大小是()
A.6.67m/s2B.1.67m/s2C.8.5m/s2D.15m/s2
3.
从离地面3m高处竖直向上抛出一个小球,它上升5m后回落,最后到达地面。此过程中()
A.小球通过的路程是8m
B.小球的位移大小是13m
C.小球的位移大小是3m
D.小球的位移方向竖直向上
4.
质点做直线运动,其位移随时间变化的函数关系是s=4t+2t2(s的单位为m,t的单位为s),则它运动的初速度v0和加速度a分别是()
A.v0=0,a=4m/s2
B.v0=4m/s,a=2m/s2
C.v0=4m/s,a=1m/s2
D.v0=4m/s,a=4m/s2
5.
汽车以20m/s的初速度做匀减速直线运动,刹车后的加速度为5m/s2,那么刹车后6s内的位移为()
A.90mB.30mC.40mD.60m
6.
关于自由落体运动,下列说法中正确的是(g取9.8m/s2)()
A.只在重力作用下的竖直向下的运动是自由落体运动
B.物体刚下落时,速度和加速度都为零
C.物体越重,下落得越快
D.下落过程中,物体速度每秒增加9.8m/s

2.选择题(共5题)

7.

已知圆锥的母线长为5,底面半径为3,则圆锥的表面积为(   )

8.

已知圆锥的母线长为5,底面半径为3,则圆锥的表面积为(   )

9.据报道,2012年4月某日,我国渔民在南海某海域(117°E,16°N)附近进行海上捕捞作业时,受到某邻国军舰的干扰。为保护我国渔民的合法权益,我国渔政船从甲地出发立即前往事发海域维权。结合下图,回答下列各题。

10.

阅读理解

    Bit by bit, the sand dust that fills the sky is dying down. The blue sky and the burning sun once again hang over the desert.

    He is on the road, driving his beat-up yellow cab. The sides of the road are littered with damaged vehicles. Masses of smoke in the distance tell him that a war is being dragged on throughout his country.

    It's a fine day despite the choking heat. Not a breath of wind is blowing.

    A group of vehicles are traveling towards him, carrying many passengers. The scene reminds him of the market days in this country when crowds of trucks transport folks to the markets; the only difference is, this time, they are not trucks, but tanks, carrying foreigners, guns in hand. He stares at them. They stare back. So they pass by one another.

    “The damned war!” he whispers bitterly. Two days ago, a bomb fell on the market in front of his house, destroying nearly everything in sight. He survived by luck. He decided then and there that he would give up this cab business. This will be his final run. After this, he will leave this place together with his wife and children.

    “Shala and my children, we'll soon meet each other again, after I'm done here.” He turns his head to take a glance at a photo of his wife and children. The glass on the frame is broken, but their smiles in the picture do not fail to provide him with the only comfort that he has.

    Shortly he arrives at a checkpoint. Tanks sit by the side of the road, the sight of which sends a marked coldness through his backbone. A bunch of soldiers armed to the teeth stand by. A foreign soldier signals him to stop. He calms himself down and pulls over. During the past few days, nearly no civilian(平民)vehicles come out of the capital city, his car being the only one on roads.

    A few foreign soldiers come up to him, one, two, three, four, five. The leader bends over to have a look at the old car, then at him. “Where do you come from and where are you going?” With a smile on his face, he answers with a broken speech in the tongue that the soldier can understand, “Sir, I come from the capital. I'm leaving that place because it is a very dangerous place to be, with the war and everything.”

    While talking, he hands a cigarette over to the soldier, then lights it up for him.

    “When will the war end?” he asks.

    “It won't take long. We'll soon give all of you in the capital the true freedom.” The soldier breathes a deep mouthful. He seems to have spotted the photo in the car, “The cigarette is not bad at all. Are those your wife and kids? I have two of my own, roughly the same age.”

    “Oh, yes, they are mine and they are constantly on my mind. They left the city a bit earlier, and I'm on my way to be reunited with them. Perhaps I'm never coming back. Driving a cab around during war times is too dangerous. I'm giving up the business.” He looks at the soldier, still smiling.

    “After we overthrow your dictator(独裁者), you won't have that to worry about. You can come back and pick up your life again.” The soldier is leaning on the door of the car. It is perhaps the first time in many days that he has seen a happy face among the local people. It cheers him up.

    “Maybe, but I have to go to see my family. If you would pay us a visit, my wife will prepare a good meal for all of you. Come with me. This is going to be my last business run and I won't even charge you.

    “Can't make it. We're on duty. Give our regards to your wife and kids.” The soldier is a bit excited, thinking maybe quite some locals have open arms for them after all. “Oh, yes, I almost forgot. The south is battle-infected. Where is your family?”

    Still smiling, he picks up the broken picture frame, presses a kiss on the photo, then turns around, staring into the eyes of that soldier, not quite himself from excitement, and the other foreign soldiers holding guns. Words drop out of his lips slowly but firmly: “Paradise.”

    Perhaps the last thing he sees is the confused, fearful, twisted expression on the face of that soldier, and the cigarette end dropping from his fingers. Then he pushes the button.

11.

阅读理解

    Bit by bit, the sand dust that fills the sky is dying down. The blue sky and the burning sun once again hang over the desert.

    He is on the road, driving his beat-up yellow cab. The sides of the road are littered with damaged vehicles. Masses of smoke in the distance tell him that a war is being dragged on throughout his country.

    It's a fine day despite the choking heat. Not a breath of wind is blowing.

    A group of vehicles are traveling towards him, carrying many passengers. The scene reminds him of the market days in this country when crowds of trucks transport folks to the markets; the only difference is, this time, they are not trucks, but tanks, carrying foreigners, guns in hand. He stares at them. They stare back. So they pass by one another.

    “The damned war!” he whispers bitterly. Two days ago, a bomb fell on the market in front of his house, destroying nearly everything in sight. He survived by luck. He decided then and there that he would give up this cab business. This will be his final run. After this, he will leave this place together with his wife and children.

    “Shala and my children, we'll soon meet each other again, after I'm done here.” He turns his head to take a glance at a photo of his wife and children. The glass on the frame is broken, but their smiles in the picture do not fail to provide him with the only comfort that he has.

    Shortly he arrives at a checkpoint. Tanks sit by the side of the road, the sight of which sends a marked coldness through his backbone. A bunch of soldiers armed to the teeth stand by. A foreign soldier signals him to stop. He calms himself down and pulls over. During the past few days, nearly no civilian(平民)vehicles come out of the capital city, his car being the only one on roads.

    A few foreign soldiers come up to him, one, two, three, four, five. The leader bends over to have a look at the old car, then at him. “Where do you come from and where are you going?” With a smile on his face, he answers with a broken speech in the tongue that the soldier can understand, “Sir, I come from the capital. I'm leaving that place because it is a very dangerous place to be, with the war and everything.”

    While talking, he hands a cigarette over to the soldier, then lights it up for him.

    “When will the war end?” he asks.

    “It won't take long. We'll soon give all of you in the capital the true freedom.” The soldier breathes a deep mouthful. He seems to have spotted the photo in the car, “The cigarette is not bad at all. Are those your wife and kids? I have two of my own, roughly the same age.”

    “Oh, yes, they are mine and they are constantly on my mind. They left the city a bit earlier, and I'm on my way to be reunited with them. Perhaps I'm never coming back. Driving a cab around during war times is too dangerous. I'm giving up the business.” He looks at the soldier, still smiling.

    “After we overthrow your dictator(独裁者), you won't have that to worry about. You can come back and pick up your life again.” The soldier is leaning on the door of the car. It is perhaps the first time in many days that he has seen a happy face among the local people. It cheers him up.

    “Maybe, but I have to go to see my family. If you would pay us a visit, my wife will prepare a good meal for all of you. Come with me. This is going to be my last business run and I won't even charge you.

    “Can't make it. We're on duty. Give our regards to your wife and kids.” The soldier is a bit excited, thinking maybe quite some locals have open arms for them after all. “Oh, yes, I almost forgot. The south is battle-infected. Where is your family?”

    Still smiling, he picks up the broken picture frame, presses a kiss on the photo, then turns around, staring into the eyes of that soldier, not quite himself from excitement, and the other foreign soldiers holding guns. Words drop out of his lips slowly but firmly: “Paradise.”

    Perhaps the last thing he sees is the confused, fearful, twisted expression on the face of that soldier, and the cigarette end dropping from his fingers. Then he pushes the button.

3.多选题(共2题)

12.
汽车A在红灯亮时停住,绿灯亮起时启动,以0.4m/s2的加速度做匀加速运动,经过30s后开始做匀速运动,设绿灯亮的同时,汽车B以8m/s的速度从A车旁边同向驶过,且一直保持匀速运动,则A车开始运动后()
A. A车在加速过程中与B车相遇
B. A、B相遇时速度相同
C. A、B相遇时A车做匀速运动
D. A、B两车不可能相遇两次。
13.
物体从静止开始做匀加速直线运动,已知第4s内与第2s内的位移之差是12m,则可知:
A.第1 s内的位移为3 m
B.第2s末的速度为8 m/s
C.物体运动的加速度为2m/s2
D.物体在5s内的平均速度为15 m/s

4.解答题(共3题)

14.
如图展示了某质点做直线运动的v-t图象。试根据图象求出:

(1)第5s内的加速度;
(2)前4s内的位移。
15.
一物体做自由落体运动,落地时的速度为
问:物体下落的高度
物体在前2s内的平均速度
最后一秒内物体下落的高度.
16.
某一长直赛道上,有一辆F1赛车,前方200m处有一安全车正以10m/s的速度匀速前进,这时赛车从静止出发以2m/s2的加速度追赶.求:
(1)赛车何时追上安全车;
(2)追上之前与安全车最远相距多大;
(3)当赛车刚追上安全车时,赛车手立即刹车,使赛车以4m/s2的加速度做匀减速直线运动,问两车再经过多长时间再次相遇.(设赛车可以从安全车旁经过而不发生相撞)

5.实验题(共2题)

17.
如图所示是电火花计时器的示意图.电火花计时器和电磁打点计时器一样,工作时使用___________________(选填“交流”或“直流”)电源,当电源的频率是50 Hz时,每隔_______________ s打一次点.其工作时的基本步骤如下:
A.当纸带完全通过电火花计时器后,及时关闭电火花计时器  
B.将电火花计时器插头插入相应的电源插座   
C.将纸带从墨粉纸盘下面穿过打点计时器  
D.接通开关,听到放电声,立即拖动纸带运动
上述步骤正确的顺序是__________.(按顺序填写步骤编号)
18.
在“探究小车速度随时间变化的规律”的实验中,如图是某次实验的纸带,舍去前面比较密的点,从0点开始,每5个连续点取1个计数点,标以1、2、3……那么相邻两个计数点之间的时间为_____________s,各计数点与0计数点之间的距离依次为s1=3cm、s2=7.5cm、s3=13.5cm,则物体通过1计数点的速度v1=______m/s、通过2计数点的速度v2=________,运动的加速度为___________m/s2.
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(6道)

    选择题:(5道)

    多选题:(2道)

    解答题:(3道)

    实验题:(2道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:6

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:4

    9星难题:3