黑龙江省虎林市高级中学2017-2018学年高一下学期期末模拟检测物理试题

适用年级:高一
试卷号:95293

试卷类型:期末
试卷考试时间:2018/7/1

1.单选题(共8题)

1.
某人沿着半径为 R的水平圆周跑道跑了1.75圈时,他的(  )
A.路程和位移的大小均为3.5πR
B.路程和位移的大小均为R
C.路程为3.5πR、位移的大小为R
D.路程为0.5πR、位移的大小为R
2.
一名短跑运动员在50m竞赛中,测得他2s末的速度为10.4 m/s,5s末到达终点的速度是10.2 m/s,则运动员在50m竞赛中的平均速度为( )
A.10.4m/sB.10.3m/sC.10.2m/sD.10m/s
3.
随着钓鱼岛局势的日趋紧张,甲、乙两小分队进行军事演习,指挥部通过现代通信设备,在屏幕上观察到两小分队的具体行军路线如图所示,两小分队同时同地由O点出发,最后同时到达A点,下列说法中正确的是()
A.小分队平均速度=
B.小分队行军路程x= x
C.y-x图象表示的是速率v-t图象
D.y-x图象表示的是位移x-t图象
4.
试判断下列的几个速度中,哪个是平均速度(  )
A.子弹出枪口的速度是600 m/s
B.汽车从甲站到乙站的速度是40 km/h
C.汽车通过某一站牌时的速度是72 km/h
D.小球第4 s末的速度是3 m/s
5.
A、B两个物体在同地点,沿同一直线上做匀变速直线运动,它们的速度图象如图所示,则(   )

A. A、B两物体运动方向一定相反
B. 开头4s内A、B两物体的位移相同
C. A物体的加速度比物体的加速度大
D. t=4s时,A、B两物体的速度相同
6.
小球由静止开始沿斜面滑下,2s后进入水平面,又经3s小球静止,则小球在斜面上和水平面上的位移大小之比为(    )
A.1:2B.1:3C.2:3D.3:2
7.
如图所示,弹簧秤外壳质量为m0,弹簧及挂钩的质量忽略不计,挂钩吊着一质量为m的重物,现和一方向竖直向上的外力F拉着弹簧秤,使其向上做匀加速运动,则弹簧秤的示数为(   )
A.mgB.C.D.
8.
一个物体受到多个力作用而保持静止,后来物体所受的各力中只有一个力逐渐减小到零后又逐渐增大,其它力保持不变,直至物体恢复到开始的受力情况,则物体在这一过程中
A.物体的速度逐渐增大到某一数值后又逐渐减小到零
B.物体的速度从零逐渐增大到某一数值后又逐渐减小到另一数值
C.物体的速度从零开始逐渐增大到某一数值
D.以上说法均不对

2.选择题(共2题)

9.下列实验材料的选择理由不合理的是(    )
10.

阅读下面短文,掌握大意,然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。

      Last Friday, I was just in France to visit my 96-year-old grandmother who is very dear to me ­­­­­­ 1   lives alone. I don't visit her very often, so every time I go to see her,   2of us think that it might be the   3    time we see each other. Last time I visited her in December of 2014, I did some video interviews about her life. I asked her  4   it was like to grow up with her father in the 1920s, to live with two young children, with her husband   5  in a prisoner's camp (集中营) in Germany. I also asked her about her greatest   6  . I learned a lot of amazing new things about her that I never know before.

     This year, I did not really have questions to ask. I only wanted to tell her how loved she is. So, I cooked for her and read stories. I gave her a foot massage (按摩).   7    leaving, I wanted to leave something  8 behind besides the memory of our time together. So I wrote her five different love and thank notes to let her knows how much she means to me. I   9 them in different places where I knew she would  10  find them. One of them was under her pillow. 11    one was hanging from the lamp shade by which she reads in the evening.  Another one was by her toothbrush. One was in her mailbox which she has to check every day. And the last one was in her car. She still  12  to the nearby village a couple of times a week!

       I knew that these cards would surely cheer her up after I left. Really she called me as I was catching my plane back to the US. She said, “ I found your three cards! By the time I discovered the third, I was laughing out loud! They did me so much good. Thank you so much!” I smiled to myself, 13  she still has two more to go! It is Sunday today, so my guess is that she hasn't  14   her mailbox or driven her car! I can  15  how happy she will be when she finds them.

3.多选题(共1题)

11.
如图所示,用绳子OB将照明电灯拉离竖直方向,若保持OB绳水平,使电线OA与竖直方向的夹角θ增大,则下列说法中正确的是:(   )
A.绳OB的拉力增大
B.绳OB的拉力不变
C.电线OA的拉力增大
D.电线OA的拉力减小

4.解答题(共3题)

12.
为了测定气垫导轨上滑块的加速度,滑块上安装了宽度为3.0 cm的遮光板,如图所示,滑块在牵引力的作用下先后匀加速通过两个光电门,配套的数字毫秒计记录了遮光板通过第一个光电门的时间为Δt1=0.30 s,通过第二个光电门的时间为Δt2=0.10 s,遮光板从开始遮住第一个光电门到开始遮住第二个光电门的时间为Δt=3.0 s。试估算滑块的加速度。
13.
在香港海洋公园的游乐场中,有一台大型游乐机叫“跳楼机”.参加游乐的游客被安全带固定在座椅上,由电动机将座椅提升到40 m高处,座椅沿光滑杆自由下落一段高度后开始受到压缩空气提供的恒定阻力,下落36 m后速度刚好减小到零.这一过程经历的总时间是6 s.求座椅被释放后,自由下落的高度有多高?在减速阶段,座椅对游客的压力是游客体重的多少倍?
14.
在光滑的墙壁上用网把足球挂在A点,足球与墙壁的接触点为B,足球的质量为m,悬线与墙壁的夹角为α,网的质量不计,

(1)求悬线对球的拉力的大小和墙壁对球的支持力的大小。
(2)分析讨论当悬线缩短时,线的拉力和墙壁对球的支持力的大小如何变化。

5.实验题(共2题)

15.
某同学在“测匀变速直线运动的加速度”的实验中,用打点计时器(频率为50Hz,即每0.02s打一个点)记录了被小车拖动的纸带的运动情况,在纸带上确定出A、B、C、D、E、F、G共7个计数点.其相邻点间还有4个点未画出.其中S1=7.05cm、S2=7.67cm、S3=8.29cm、S4=8.91cm、S5=9.53cm、S6=10.15cm,

(1)关于接通电源和释放纸带的次序,下列说法正确的是__
A.先接通电源,后释放纸带B.先释放纸带,后接通电源
C.释放纸带同时接通电源D.先接通电源或先释放纸带都可以
(2)各相邻计数点间的时间间隔T=__ s
(3)小车运动的加速度为__m/s2,在F时刻的瞬时速度为__m/s.(保留2位有效数字)
16.
在“验证力的平行四边形定则”的实验中:
(1)其中有两个实验步骤如下:
A.在水平位置的方木板上固定一张白纸,用图钉把橡皮条的一端固定在方木板上,另一端拴上两个绳套,通过细绳同时用两个弹簧测力计(平行方木板)互成角度地拉橡皮条,使它与细绳的结点到达某一点O,在白纸上用铅笔记下O点的位置和读出两测力计的示数
B.只用一弹簧测力计,通过细绳拉橡皮条,使它的伸长量与用两个测力计拉时相同,读出示数和记下的方向。
请指出以上步骤中的错误或疏漏:A中是     ;B中是     
(2)某同学认为实验过程中必须注意以下几项:
A.两根细绳必须等长
B.橡皮条应与两绳夹角的平分线在同一直线上
C.读数时视线要正对弹簧测力计的刻度
D.两拉力之间的夹角不要太小,也不太大。其中正确的是
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(8道)

    选择题:(2道)

    多选题:(1道)

    解答题:(3道)

    实验题:(2道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:2

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:6

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:5

    9星难题:1