江西省新余一中2018届高三(上)第二次模拟物理试题

适用年级:高三
试卷号:91773

试卷类型:月考
试卷考试时间:2018/1/11

1.单选题(共4题)

1.
如图,质量mA>mB的两物体A、B叠放在一起,靠着竖直墙面。让它们由静止释放,在沿粗糙墙面下落过程中,物体B的受力示意图是
2.
如图所示,家用吊扇对悬挂点有拉力作用,正常转动时吊扇对悬挂点的拉力与它不转动时相比(  )
A.变大
B.变小
C.不变
D.无法判断
3.
如图所示,在两个沿竖直方向的匀强磁场中,分别放入两个完全一样的水平金属圆盘a和b.它们可以绕竖直轴自由转动,用导线通过电刷把它们相连.当圆盘a转动时(  )

A. 圆盘b总是与a沿相同方向转动
B. 圆盘b总是与a沿相反方向转动
C. 若B1、B2同向,则a、b转向相同
D. 若B1、B2反向,则a、b转向相同
4.
下图为气流加热装置的示意图,使用电阻丝加热导气管,视变压器为理想变压器,原线圈接入电压有效值恒定的交流电并保持匝数不变,调节触头P,使输出电压有效值由220V降至110V,调节前后( )
A.副线圈中的电流比为1∶2
B.副线圈输出功率比为2∶1
C.副线圈的接入匝数比为2∶1
D.原线圈输入功率比为1∶2

2.选择题(共1题)

5.

完形填空。

    One day, I went to my favorite cafe for lunch. I 1 a burger and went to the outdoor seats. While waiting for my meal, a homeless man on a bicycle stopped to ask if there was a grocery store nearby. After I gave him 2, he asked if I had 3 from Santa Clara University. (I was wearing a SCU T-shirt. )I told him, yes. Little did I know that this 4 response would lead to a 90-minute conversation. The man, Michael, told me he was very intelligent. 5, drug use had ruined both his formal education and his pursuit of 6 in his work. He drifted from one topic to another, 7 the fact that I was ready for my lunch.

    He clearly had more of a 8to talk than I did. I made every 9 to give him my full attention, never 10 our talk would go on and on... Eventually, I did eat my meal, bite by bite 11 responses in our conversation. Michael was a bit strange. 12 his interests and viewpoints. We had little in 13, but he was fascinated with talking with, as he 14 it,“intelligent people.” I have to admit, I wish our conversation had been 15 to ten or fifteen minutes, but when Michael finally 16 off, he thanked me for listening so 17 to him and for my 18 to talk with him for so long. It was then that I 19 that, just maybe, that was my purpose in life for today … to be there, in that place, at that time, to 20 in that conversation.

3.多选题(共3题)

6.
如图甲所示,AB两个物体叠放在水平面上,B的上下表面均水平,A物体与一拉力传感器相连接,连拉力传感器和物体A的细绳保持水平。从t=0时刻起,用一水平向右的力Fkt(k为常数)作用在B的物体上,力传感器的示数随时间变化的图线如图乙所示,已知kt1t2,且最大静摩擦力等于滑动摩擦力。据此可求(  )

A. AB之间的最大静摩擦力
B. 水平面与B之间的滑动摩擦力
C. AB之间的动摩擦因数μAB
D. B与水平面间的动摩擦因数μ
7.
关于牛顿第一定律,下列说法错误的是(  )
A.其内容为伽利略确立
B.牛顿赋予它在力学体系中的“第一”地位
C.它揭示了物质的惯性及制约物质惯性的要素
D.它是一条实验定律
8.
如图所示,在动摩擦因数μ=0.2的水平面上有一个质量m=1kg的小球,小球与水平轻弹簧及与竖直方向成θ=45°角的不可伸长的轻绳一端相连,此时小球处于静止状态,且水平面对小球的弹力恰好为零.在剪断轻绳的瞬间(g取10m/s2).下列说法中正确的是
A.小球受力个数不变
B.小球立即向左运动,且a="8" m/s2
C.小球立即向左运动,且a="10" m/s2
D.若剪断的是弹簧,则剪断瞬间小球加速度为零

4.解答题(共4题)

9.
斜面长度为4m,一个尺寸可以忽略不计的滑块以不同的初速度v0从斜面顶端沿斜面下滑时,其下滑距离x与初速度二次方v02的关系图象(即x-v02图象)如图所示.

(1)求滑块下滑的加速度大小.
(2)若滑块下滑的初速度为5.0m/s,则滑块沿斜面下滑的时间为多长?
10.
A、B两物块(可视为质点)相互挨着放在水平地板上,A与轻弹簧连接,弹簧的另一端固定在墙上,弹簧水平且自然松弛,两物块质量均为1kg,A与地板的摩擦可忽略,B与地板的摩擦因数μ=0.4,现用水平力F推物块B,使A、B将弹簧缓慢压缩x1=10cm,其间力F做功1.4J.

(1)此时弹簧的弹性势能多大;
(2)撤去力F,已知弹簧劲度系数k=200N/m,试求A、B分离时弹簧的形变量x2
(3)已知弹簧的弹性势能与其形变量的平方成正比,试求A、B分离后,物块B的滑行距离S.
11.
如图所示,在倾角为θ的粗糙斜面上,有一个质量为m的物体被水平力F推着静止于斜面上,物体与斜面间的动摩擦因数为μ,且μ>tanθ,求:

(1)力F多大时,物体不受摩擦力;
(2)为使物体静止在斜面上,力F的取值范围.
12.
如图所示,质量m,带电量q(正电)的小球套在足够长的水平绝缘直杆上,小球与杆的摩擦因数为μ,空间有水平的正交的匀强电场和磁场,电场强度为E,磁感强度B,令小球从静止开始运动,试求:

(1)当小球的速度为多大时,其加速度最大?
(2)小球的最大速度vm

5.实验题(共2题)

13.
如图所示,为了测量滑块(装有遮光条)的加速度,在倾斜的气垫导轨上安放两个光电门A、B,配套的数字毫秒表会自动记录遮光条通过光电门的相应时间.某同学根据自己的设想,做了如下操作:
①将计时方式设定为记录“遮光条从光电门A运动到B的时间”
②将滑块从导轨上某处自由滑下,测出两光电门间距x,并记下毫秒表上的示数
③保持光电门B位置不动,适当移动光电门A的位置,重复步骤②
④重复步骤③若干次
(1)关于操作中的注意事项,下列各项正确的是_____
A.必须洲量遮光条的宽度
B.两光电门的间距应适当大些
C.在每次重复的步骤中,滑块必须从导轨的同一位置自由滑下
D.导轨倾斜是为了平衡摩擦.
(2)已知该同学的两组数据:x1=40cm,t1=0.800s;x2=63cm,t2=0.900s,则滑块的加速度a=_____m/s2
14.
如图甲所示是用主尺最小分度为1mm,游标上有20个小的等分刻度的游标卡尺测量一工件的内径的实物图,图乙是游标部分放大后的示意图.则该工件的内径为_____cm.用螺旋测微器测一金属杆的直径,结果如图丙所示,则杆的直径是_____mm.
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(4道)

    选择题:(1道)

    多选题:(3道)

    解答题:(4道)

    实验题:(2道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:4

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:7

    9星难题:2