2011-2012学年江苏省江阴市一中高二上学期期中考试化学(选修)试卷

适用年级:高二
试卷号:674682

试卷类型:期中
试卷考试时间:2017/7/27

1.综合题(共1题)

1.
(1)A、B、C三种醇同足量的金属钠反应,在相同条件下产生相同的氢气时,消耗这三种醇的物质的量之比为3︰6︰2,则A、B、C三种醇分子里羟基数之比为________。
(2)白藜芦醇(如图)广泛存在于食物(例如桑椹、花生、尤其是葡萄)中,它可能具有抗癌性。能够跟1 mol该化合物起反应的Br2或H2的最大用量分别是________和________。

(3)某液态一卤代烃RX 13.7g与足量的NaOH醇溶液充分共热后,冷却并加入HNO3酸化,再滴入过量的AgNO3溶液,得到淡黄色沉淀18.8g。则该卤代烃的分子式是___________,其可能的结构有____________种。

2.推断题(共1题)

2.
由环己烷可制得1,4 – 环己二醇,下列有7步反应(其中无机产物都已略去),试回答:

(1)反应 属于取代反应(填序号),反应⑦的反应类型
(2)化合物的结构简式:B ,C
(3)反应④所用试剂和条件是    
(4)写出反应②、⑤的化学方程式:
反应②  ;
反应⑤    。

3.单选题(共6题)

3.
下列各组物质,最简式相同,但既不是同系物,又不是同分异构体的是
A.丙烯、环己烯;B.乙酸、甲酸甲酯
C.CH3—C6H4—OH与C6H5—CH2—OH;D.甲醛、甲酸甲酯
4.
某有机物的结构简式为,它在一定条件下可能发生的反应有
①加成 ②水解 ③酯化 ④氧化 ⑤中和 ⑥消去
A.②③④B.①③④⑤⑥C.①③④⑤D.①③⑤⑥
5.
下列反应不属于取代反应的是
A.CH3CH2Cl+NaOHCH3CH2OH+NaCl
B.2CH3CH2OH  CH3CH2OCH2CH3+H2O
C.
D.CH3CHO+2Ag(NH32OH  CH3COONH4+2Ag↓+3NH3+H2O
6.
西维因是一种高效低毒杀虫剂,在碱性条件下可水解:

有关说法正确的是
A.西维因分子式为C12H10NO2
B.反应后经酸化,可用FeCL3溶液检验是否发生水解
C.1mol西维因最多能与6mol氢气发生加成反应
D.西维因分子中至少有21个原子共平面
7.
下列物质液体混合,用分液漏斗能分离两组分的是
A.乙酸乙酯和乙醇B.乙酸和水C.甲苯和水D.苯和溴苯
8.
某有机物的结构简式如图所示, 它在一定条件下可能发生的反应有:①加成、②水解、③酯化、④氧化、⑤中和、⑥消去,其中可能的是( )
A.②③④B.①③⑤⑥C.①③④⑤D.②③④⑤⑥

4.选择题(共6题)

9.

There         a panda and two lions in yesterday's film.

10.

There         a panda and two lions in yesterday's film.

11.

      Life is like the four seasons. Now I am very old, but when I was young, it was the spring of my life. I was born, I played a lot, and then I started school. I learned many new things. Like a flower, I grew bigger every day. There were happy days and sorrowful days: some days the sun shone(闪耀), and some days it didn't.
      In my twenties, I had a good job. I was strong and happy. Then I married and had a child. In those days, I didn't have much time to think. Every day I was busy and worked very hard. And so, I started to get some white hairs. The summer of my life passed quickly.
Then the days got shorter. Leaves fell from the trees. My child was a university student, and then an engineer. My home was much quieter. I started walking slowly. One day I stopped working. I had more time. I understood this was my autumn, a beautiful time when the trees change color and give us delicious fruits.
    But the days kept getting shorter and colder. Winter has come, I am older and weaker. I know I do not have many days left. I will enjoy them to the end.

12.

When did Mozart        music?


13.

       Every year there is the Spring Festival in China. Usually it is in January or February. It's the most important festival in China. So before it comes, everyone has to prepare things. They buy beef, pork, chicken, fruit and many other things. And they often make a special kind of food called “dumplings”. It means “come together” in Chinese. On the day before the festival, parents buy new clothes for their children and children also buy presents for their parents. On the festival eve, all the family members come back to their home. This is a happy moment. They sing, dance and play cards. When they enjoy the meal, they give each other the best wishes for the coming year.
They all have a good time.
根据短文内容,选择正确答案。

14.

         you         Chicago?

5.填空题(共2题)

15.
水杨酸是合成阿司匹林的重要原料。水杨酸的学名邻羟基苯甲酸,结构简式为,,请回答下列问题:
(1)请写出水杨酸中具有的官能团名称_____________________;
(2)请写出与水杨酸互为同分异构体,既属于酚类又属于醛类化合物的结构简式(写一种即可):____________________________________;
(3)水杨酸的另一种同分异构体的结构简式为,1mol该有机物在适宜条件下与氢氧化钠经过一系列反应,最多能消耗氢氧化钠的物质的量为(填序号)______;
A.1mol
B.2mol
C.3mol
D.4mol
 
(4)已知有机物CH3COOH可以表示为:,在一定条件下,水杨酸与乙酸酐可合成阿司匹林,阿司匹林可表示为:,则阿司匹林的分子式为__________;
(5)阿司匹林药片需要保存在干燥处,受潮的药片易变质不宜服用;检验受潮药片是否变质的试剂是(只选一种试剂即可)______________________。
16.
下图有机物具有多种官能团,因而能跟多种物质反应,但因其分子内的羧基与醇羟基、酚羟基间“位阻”较大,故不能发生分子内的酯化反应,试写出该有机物发生下列反应的方程式:

(1)与足量的金属钠反应_____________________________________
(2)与足量的氢氧化钠溶液反应______________________________
(3)与足量的碳酸氢钠溶液反应_________________________________

6.实验题(共2题)

17.
1,2-二溴乙烷可做抗爆剂的添加剂,常温下为无色液体,密度为2.18gcm3,沸点131.4℃,熔点9.79℃,难溶于水,易溶于醇,醚,丙酮等有机溶剂。在实验室中可用如下图所示设备制备1,2-二溴乙烷。图中分液漏斗和烧瓶a中装有乙醇和浓硫酸的混合液,试管d中装有液溴(表面覆盖少量水),据此请回答下列问题:

(1)写出制备1,2—二溴乙烷的两个反应方程式:
______________________________________、_________________________________。
(2)安全瓶b可以防止倒吸,并用于检查实验进行时试管d是否发生堵塞,请写出发生堵塞时b的现象:_________________________________________。
(3)容器c中NaOH溶液的作用是: __________________________________。
(4)某学生在做此实验时,使用一定量的液溴,当溴全部褪色时,所消耗乙醇和浓硫酸混合液的量,比正常情况下超出很多。如果装置的气密性没有问题,试分析其可能的原因___________________________________________________。
(5)e装置内NaOH溶液的作用是:__________________________________。
18.
某种混合物中可能含有甲酸、乙酸、甲醇及甲酸乙酯这些物质中的一种或几种。在检验时有以下现象:(1)有银镜反应;(2)加入新制悬浊液,无变澄清的现象;
(3)与含碱的酚酞溶液共热,发现溶液中红色逐渐变浅以至无色。
根据上述现象,可以判断:(填结构简式)
此混合物中一定含有________________________________________,
可能含有___________________________________________________,
一定没有_____________________________________________。
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    综合题:(1道)

    推断题:(1道)

    单选题:(6道)

    选择题:(6道)

    填空题:(2道)

    实验题:(2道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:8

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:1

    9星难题:3