2014届高考化学二轮复习必做训练 有机化学基础练习卷

适用年级:高三
试卷号:673854

试卷类型:专题练习
试卷考试时间:2017/7/20

1.推断题(共2题)

1.
有机物F是一种新型涂料固化剂,可由下列路线合成(部分反应条件略去):

(1)B的结构简式是 ;E中含有的官能团名称是  
(2)由C和E合成F的化学方程式是   
(3)同时满足下列条件的苯的同分异构体的结构简式是
①含有3个双键; ②核磁共振氢谱只显示1个吸收峰;  ③不存在甲基。
(4)乙烯在实验室可由 (填有机物名称)通过 (填反应堆类型)制备。
(5)下列说法正确的是
a.A 属于饱和烃 b.D与乙醛的分子式相同
c.E不能与盐酸反应 d.F可以发生酯化反应
2.
化合物A(分子式为C6H6O)是一种有机化工原料,在空气中易被氧化。A的有关转化反应如下(部分反应条件略去):


(1)写出A的结构简式:________。
(2)G是常用指示剂酚酞。写出G中含氧官能团的名称:________和________。
(3)某化合物是E的同分异构体,且分子中只有两种不同化学环境的氢。写出该化合物的结构简式:________(任写一种)。
(4)F和D互为同分异构体。写出反应E→F的化学方程式:________________________________。
(5)根据已有知识并结合相关信息,写出以A和HCHO为原料制备CHO的合成路线流程图(无机试剂任用)。合成路线流程图示例如下:
H2C=CH2CH3CH2BrCH3CH2OH

2.单选题(共7题)

3.
有机化合物的结构可用键线表示,如CH2=CHCH2Br可表示为,则有机物的二氯代物有()
A.2种B.3种C.4种D.5种
4.
符合下列条件的烃的一氯代物共有(不考虑立体异构)
①分子中碳元素与氢元素的质量之比为21:2;②含一个苯环;③相对分子质量小于150。
A.2种B.3种C.4种D.5种
5.
乙苯的一氯代物的结构共有(  )
A.3种B.4种C.5种D.6种
6.
14.5g某烷烃完全燃烧生成1.25mol H2O,则该烃的一氯代物共有(不考虑立体异构)
A.2种B.3种C.4种D.5种
7.
某有机物结构简式为,下列关于该有机物的说法中不正确的是(  )
A.遇FeCl3溶液显紫色
B.与足量的氢氧化钠溶液在一定条件下反应,最多消耗NaOH 3 mol
C.能发生缩聚反应和加聚反应
D.1 mol该有机物与溴发生加成反应,最多消耗1 mol Br2
8.
某品牌白酒中含有的塑化剂的主要成分为邻苯二甲酸二丁酯,其结构简式为,下列有关说法正确的是( )
A.邻苯二甲酸二丁酯的分子式为C16H21O4
B.邻苯二甲酸二丁酯属于酯类,可增加白酒的香味,对人体无害
C.用邻苯二甲酸与丁醇合成邻苯二甲酸二丁酯的反应属于取代反应
D.邻苯二甲酸二丁酯不能发生加成反应
9.
下列说法正确的是
A.按系统命名法,化合物的名称是2,3,5,5-四甲基-4,4-二乙基己烷
B.等物质的量的苯和苯甲酸完全燃烧消耗氧气的量不相等
C.苯和甲苯互为同系物,均能使KMnO4酸性溶液褪色
D.结构片段的高聚物,其单体是苯酚和甲醛

3.选择题(共10题)

10.请认真阅读下面短文,并根据各题所给首字母的提示,写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式,使短文通顺。

    In Britain,the government,school leaders,teachers and parents all agree that students should wear uniforms.B{#blank#}1{#/blank#} British private schools have their own school uniforms.They think it's i{#blank#}2{#/blank#} for pupils to wear school uniforms.

    School leaders normally decide if pupils will have to wear a uniform,and they a{#blank#}3{#/blank#} decide what it should look like.You know,no students want to wear65.u{#blank#}4{#/blank#} uniforms.

    Everybody wants to wear beautiful uniforms.

    Leaders have to follows the rules,and they c{#blank#}5{#/blank#} just choose anything they like.They have to t{#blank#}6{#/blank#} of the students' feeling and taste.Here are a few f{#blank#}7{#/blank#} leaders should consider.

    ①Cost.This is the first fact they should consider.Their uniforms shouldn't be too e{#blank#}8{#/blank#} because it may cause problems for some families.Not all the families can afford it.

    ②Sexism(性别歧视).The uniform policy must be equally fair(公平的)for boys and g{#blank#}9{#/blank#}.

    ③Cultrues and races.School rules must a{#blank#}10{#/blank#} pupils from all backgrounds to wear a uniform,for example,allowing Muslim(穆斯林)girls to wear an appropriate dress and Sikh(印度锡克教徒)boys to wear a traditional headdress(头饰).

11.请认真阅读下面短文,并根据各题所给首字母的提示,写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式,使短文通顺。

    In Britain,the government,school leaders,teachers and parents all agree that students should wear uniforms.B{#blank#}1{#/blank#} British private schools have their own school uniforms.They think it's i{#blank#}2{#/blank#} for pupils to wear school uniforms.

    School leaders normally decide if pupils will have to wear a uniform,and they a{#blank#}3{#/blank#} decide what it should look like.You know,no students want to wear65.u{#blank#}4{#/blank#} uniforms.

    Everybody wants to wear beautiful uniforms.

    Leaders have to follows the rules,and they c{#blank#}5{#/blank#} just choose anything they like.They have to t{#blank#}6{#/blank#} of the students' feeling and taste.Here are a few f{#blank#}7{#/blank#} leaders should consider.

    ①Cost.This is the first fact they should consider.Their uniforms shouldn't be too e{#blank#}8{#/blank#} because it may cause problems for some families.Not all the families can afford it.

    ②Sexism(性别歧视).The uniform policy must be equally fair(公平的)for boys and g{#blank#}9{#/blank#}.

    ③Cultrues and races.School rules must a{#blank#}10{#/blank#} pupils from all backgrounds to wear a uniform,for example,allowing Muslim(穆斯林)girls to wear an appropriate dress and Sikh(印度锡克教徒)boys to wear a traditional headdress(头饰).

12.请认真阅读下面短文,并根据各题所给首字母的提示,写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式,使短文通顺。

    In Britain,the government,school leaders,teachers and parents all agree that students should wear uniforms.B{#blank#}1{#/blank#} British private schools have their own school uniforms.They think it's i{#blank#}2{#/blank#} for pupils to wear school uniforms.

    School leaders normally decide if pupils will have to wear a uniform,and they a{#blank#}3{#/blank#} decide what it should look like.You know,no students want to wear65.u{#blank#}4{#/blank#} uniforms.

    Everybody wants to wear beautiful uniforms.

    Leaders have to follows the rules,and they c{#blank#}5{#/blank#} just choose anything they like.They have to t{#blank#}6{#/blank#} of the students' feeling and taste.Here are a few f{#blank#}7{#/blank#} leaders should consider.

    ①Cost.This is the first fact they should consider.Their uniforms shouldn't be too e{#blank#}8{#/blank#} because it may cause problems for some families.Not all the families can afford it.

    ②Sexism(性别歧视).The uniform policy must be equally fair(公平的)for boys and g{#blank#}9{#/blank#}.

    ③Cultrues and races.School rules must a{#blank#}10{#/blank#} pupils from all backgrounds to wear a uniform,for example,allowing Muslim(穆斯林)girls to wear an appropriate dress and Sikh(印度锡克教徒)boys to wear a traditional headdress(头饰).

13.若直线x+ay=2与直线2x+4y=5平行,则实数a的值是{#blank#}1{#/blank#}.
14.若实数x,y满足 {#mathml#}{x2y2x+y20{#/mathml#} ,则z=3x+y的取值范围是{#blank#}1{#/blank#}.
15.—The women badminton players won the Uber Cup.

—_______

16.—The women badminton players won the Uber Cup.

—_______

17.已知m、n为两条不同的直线,α、β为两个不同的平面,则下列四个结论中正确的序号为{#blank#}1{#/blank#}.

①若m⊥n,n∥α,则m⊥α;

②若m∥β,α⊥β,则m⊥α;

③若m⊥β,n⊥β,n⊥α,则m⊥α;

④若m⊥n,n⊥β,α⊥β,则m⊥α

18.已知m、n为两条不同的直线,α、β为两个不同的平面,则下列四个结论中正确的序号为{#blank#}1{#/blank#}.

①若m⊥n,n∥α,则m⊥α;

②若m∥β,α⊥β,则m⊥α;

③若m⊥β,n⊥β,n⊥α,则m⊥α;

④若m⊥n,n⊥β,α⊥β,则m⊥α

19.已知数列{an}前n项和 {#mathml#}Sn=12n2+32n4{#/mathml#}
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    推断题:(2道)

    单选题:(7道)

    选择题:(10道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:1

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:6

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:1

    9星难题:1