2017-2018学年高二物理（人教版）电磁感应单元测试题

1.

目前金属探测器已经广泛应用于各种安检、高考及一些重要场所，关于金属探测器的下列有关论述正确的是(　　)

A．金属探测器可用于月饼生产中，用来防止细小的金属颗粒混入月饼馅中

B．金属探测器能帮助医生探测儿童吞食或扎到手脚中的金属物，是因为探测器的线圈中能产生涡流

C．使用金属探测器的时候，应该让探测器静止不动，探测效果会更好

D．能利用金属探测器检测考生是否携带手机等违禁物品，是因为探测器的线圈中通有直流电

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2.

如图所示，在载流直导线近旁固定有两平行光滑导轨A、B，导轨与直导线平行且在同一水平面内，在导轨上有两可自由滑动的导体ab和cd.当载流直导线中的电流逐渐增强时，导体ab和cd的运动情况是( )

A. 一起向左运动
B. 一起向右运动
C. ab和cd相向运动，相互靠近
D. ab和cd相背运动，相互远离

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3.

如图所示,一带铁芯线圈置于竖直悬挂的闭合铝框右侧,与线圈相连的导线abcd内有水平向里变化的磁场。下列哪种变化磁场可使铝框向左偏离 ( )

A．	B．
C．	D．

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4.

竖直平面内有一金属环，半径为a，总电阻为

磁感强度为B的匀强磁场垂直穿过环平面，在环的最高点A用铰链连接长度为2a、电阻为

的导体棒AB，由水平位置紧贴环面摆下

如图

当摆到竖直位置时，B点的线速度为v，则这时AB两端的电压大小为

A．2Bav

B．Bav

C．

D．

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5.

如图所示，闭合导线框的质量可以忽略不计，将它从图示位置匀速拉出匀强磁场．若第一次用0.3s时间拉出，外力所做的功为W₁，通过导线截面的电量为q₁；第二次用0.9s时间拉出，外力所做的功为W₂，通过导线截面的电量为q₂，则（）

A．W₁＜W₂，q₁＜q₂	B．W₁＞W₂，q₁=q₂
C．W₁＜W₂，q₁=q₂	D．W₁＞W₂，q₁＞q₂

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6.

如图所示，闭合导线框的质量可以忽略不计，将它从如图所示的位置匀速拉出匀强磁场．若第一次用0.3 s时间拉出，外力所做的功为W₁，通过导线截面的电荷量为q₁；第二次用0.9 s时间拉出，外力所做的功为W₂，通过导线截面的电荷量为q₂，则( )

A．W₁<W₂，q₁<q₂

B．W₁<W₂，q₁＝q₂

C．W₁>W₂，q₁＝q₂

D．W₁>W₂，q₁>q₂

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7.横线上的数字是什么?(从左到右填写)

30 27 {#blank#}1{#/blank#} {#blank#}2{#/blank#} 18 15 12 9 6 3

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8.横线上的数字是什么?(从左到右填写)

30 27 {#blank#}1{#/blank#} {#blank#}2{#/blank#} 18 15 12 9 6 3

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9.

阅读理解

“Image is everything.” An entire industry has been built upon the concept that image is everything, but an appealing image isn't enough when there's no substance behind it.

First of all, one should consider how important image is in selling products and services. Advertising agencies have raised the art of creating an image to a state of near perfection. But if the product or service doesn't live up to it, customers will be very dissatisfied. The recent scandal (丑闻) about the Arthur Andersen accounting firm showed that behind that image, it had unfair business practices under the table. Despite the previous positive image, the firm is being accused of criminal actions. Although the image had been nearly perfect, the reality behind the image has led to its downfall.

Similarly, personal consultants(顾问) can build up a very positive public image for politicians and movie stars in the view of the general commons. But once again, history is filled with examples of both that fell from grace (体面) like the story of the Hollywood actor giving in to the pressures of fame and fortune. With people, just as with products and services, image is certainly important, but without positive substance behind it, failure is close.

To conclude, it's clear that an appealing image is extremely important to success, whether that image is related to selling a product or service or to the “selling” of a person. But image is only half of the equation(等式). What lies behind that image is every bit as important as the image itself — the person or product must live up to that image or there's little chance for long-term success.

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10.

阅读理解

“Image is everything.” An entire industry has been built upon the concept that image is everything, but an appealing image isn't enough when there's no substance behind it.

First of all, one should consider how important image is in selling products and services. Advertising agencies have raised the art of creating an image to a state of near perfection. But if the product or service doesn't live up to it, customers will be very dissatisfied. The recent scandal (丑闻) about the Arthur Andersen accounting firm showed that behind that image, it had unfair business practices under the table. Despite the previous positive image, the firm is being accused of criminal actions. Although the image had been nearly perfect, the reality behind the image has led to its downfall.

Similarly, personal consultants(顾问) can build up a very positive public image for politicians and movie stars in the view of the general commons. But once again, history is filled with examples of both that fell from grace (体面) like the story of the Hollywood actor giving in to the pressures of fame and fortune. With people, just as with products and services, image is certainly important, but without positive substance behind it, failure is close.

To conclude, it's clear that an appealing image is extremely important to success, whether that image is related to selling a product or service or to the “selling” of a person. But image is only half of the equation(等式). What lies behind that image is every bit as important as the image itself — the person or product must live up to that image or there's little chance for long-term success.

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11.

关于大洲的叙述，正确的是（　　）

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12.

关于大洲的叙述，正确的是（　　）

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13.盛有石灰水的试剂瓶内壁常有一层白色固体物质，要清除它，应采用的方法是（）

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14.

如图所示，一端接有定值电阻的平行金属轨道固定在水平面内，通有恒定电流的长直绝缘导线垂直并紧靠轨道固定，导体棒与轨道垂直且接触良好．在向右匀速通过M、N两区的过程中，导体棒所受安培力分别用F_M、F_N表示．不计轨道电阻．以下叙述正确的是

A．

向右

B．

向左

C．

逐渐增大

D．

逐渐减小

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15.

如图，光滑金属导轨由倾斜和水平两部分组成，水平部分足够长且处在竖直向下的匀强磁场中，右端接一电源(电动势为E，内阻为r)。一电阻为R的金属杆PQ水平横跨在导轨的倾斜部分，从某一高度由静止释放，金属杆PQ进入磁场后的运动过程中，速度时间图象可能是下图中的 (导轨电阻不计) (　　)

A．

B．

C．

D．

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16.

（4分）为判断线圈绕向，可将灵敏电流计G与线圈L连接，如图所示。己知线圈由a端开始绕至b端：当电流从电流计G左端流入时，指针向左偏转。

（1）将磁铁N极向下从线圈上方竖直插入L时，发现指针向左偏转。俯视线圈，其绕向为____________（填：“顺时针”或“逆时针”）。
（2）当条形磁铁从图中的虚线位置向右远离L时，指针向右偏转。俯视线圈，其绕向为____________（填：“顺时针”或“逆时针”）。

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17.

矩形线圈abcd，长ab="20cm" ,宽bc="10cm," 匝数n=200,线圈回路总电阻R=50Ω，整个线圈平面均有垂直于线框平面的匀强磁场穿过，磁感应强度B随时间的变化规律如图所示，求:

（1）线圈回路的感应电动势。
（2）在t=0.3s时线圈ab边所受的安培力。

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18.

如图甲所示，两根足够长、电阻不计的光滑平行金属导轨相距L₁＝1m，导轨平面与水平面成θ＝30°角，上端连接阻值R＝1.5Ω的电阻，质量为m＝0.2kg，阻值r＝0.5Ω的金属棒ab放在两导轨上，距离导轨最上端为L₂＝4m，棒与导轨垂直并保持良好接触。整个装置处于一个匀强磁场中，该匀强磁场方向与导轨平面垂直向下，磁感应强度大小随时间变化的情况如图乙所示，为保持ab棒静止，在棒上施加了一平行于导轨平面的外力F，g＝10m/s²。求：
(1)当t＝2s时，外力F₁的大小；
(2)当t＝3s时的瞬间，外力F₂的大小和方向；
(3)请在图丙中画出前4s内外力F随时间变化的图象(规定F方向沿斜面向上为正)。

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19.

(1)在“探究楞次定律”的实验中除需要已知绕向的螺线管、条形磁铁外,还要用到电表。请从下列电表中选择（____）

A．量程为0~3 V的电压表

B．量程为0~3 A的电流表

C．量程为0~0.6 A的电流表

D．零刻度在中间的灵敏电流表

(2)某同学按下列步骤进行实验:
①将已知绕向的螺线管与电表连接;
②设计表格,记录将磁铁N、S极插入和抽出过程中引起感应电流的磁场方向、磁通量变化、感应电流的方向、感应电流的磁场方向;
③分析实验结果,得出结论。
上述实验中,漏掉的实验步骤是______。

丙
(3)图甲为某实验小组利用微电流传感器做验证楞次定律实验时,在计算机屏幕上得到的波形,横坐标为时间t,纵坐标为电流I。根据图线分析知道:将条形磁铁的N极插入圆形闭合线圈时得到图甲内①所示图线。现用该磁铁,如图乙所示,从很远处按原方向沿一圆形线圈的轴线匀速运动,并穿过线圈向远处而去。图丙中较正确地反映线圈中电流I与时间t关系的是____。

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2017-2018学年高二物理（人教版）电磁感应单元测试题

1.单选题(共6题)

2.选择题(共7题)

3.多选题(共2题)

4.填空题(共1题)

5.解答题(共2题)

6.实验题(共1题)

【1】题量占比

【2】：难度分析