2012-2013年广东省东莞市南开实验学校高二下学期期中考试语文试卷(带解析)

适用年级:高二
试卷号:507730

试卷类型:期中
试卷考试时间:2013/12/3

1.选择题(共4题)

1.
下列词语中加点的字,每对读音都不相同的一项是(   )
A.积攒/攒动绸/荒职/案
B.污/连作/通密/
C.别/歌/晕污/
D.置/姻联/让蛮/飞来
2.

阅读理解

    Think about vitamin D when you're catching up on summer rays. It's sometimes called the “sunshine vitamin” because it's produced in your skin in response to sunlight. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble (脂溶性的) vitamin in a family of compounds that includes vitamins D-1, D-2, and D-3. It can affect as many as 2,000 genes in the body.

    Vitamin D has several important functions. Perhaps the most vital are regulating the absorption of calcium and phosphorous(磷), and promoting normal immune system function. Getting enough vitamin D is important for normal growth and development of bones and teeth, as well as improving resistance against certain diseases.

    In addition to its primary benefits, research suggests that vitamin D may also play a role in: reducing your risk of multiple sclerosis(多发性硬化), according to a 2006 study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association decreasing your chance of developing heart disease, according to 2008 findings published in Circulation helping to reduce your possibility of developing the flu, according to 2010 research published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition regulating mood and warding off depression losing weight or preventing heart disease.

    How do you get it? Your body produces vitamin D naturally when it is directly exposed to sunlight. A little can go a long way. All you need is 10 minutes a day of midday, pre-sunscreen sun exposure,especially if you have fair skin. Besides getting vitamin D through sunlight, you can also get it through certain foods and supplements to ensure adequate levels of the vitamin in your blood.

3.

阅读理解

    Think about vitamin D when you're catching up on summer rays. It's sometimes called the “sunshine vitamin” because it's produced in your skin in response to sunlight. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble (脂溶性的) vitamin in a family of compounds that includes vitamins D-1, D-2, and D-3. It can affect as many as 2,000 genes in the body.

    Vitamin D has several important functions. Perhaps the most vital are regulating the absorption of calcium and phosphorous(磷), and promoting normal immune system function. Getting enough vitamin D is important for normal growth and development of bones and teeth, as well as improving resistance against certain diseases.

    In addition to its primary benefits, research suggests that vitamin D may also play a role in: reducing your risk of multiple sclerosis(多发性硬化), according to a 2006 study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association decreasing your chance of developing heart disease, according to 2008 findings published in Circulation helping to reduce your possibility of developing the flu, according to 2010 research published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition regulating mood and warding off depression losing weight or preventing heart disease.

    How do you get it? Your body produces vitamin D naturally when it is directly exposed to sunlight. A little can go a long way. All you need is 10 minutes a day of midday, pre-sunscreen sun exposure,especially if you have fair skin. Besides getting vitamin D through sunlight, you can also get it through certain foods and supplements to ensure adequate levels of the vitamin in your blood.

4.

阅读理解

    Think about vitamin D when you're catching up on summer rays. It's sometimes called the “sunshine vitamin” because it's produced in your skin in response to sunlight. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble (脂溶性的) vitamin in a family of compounds that includes vitamins D-1, D-2, and D-3. It can affect as many as 2,000 genes in the body.

    Vitamin D has several important functions. Perhaps the most vital are regulating the absorption of calcium and phosphorous(磷), and promoting normal immune system function. Getting enough vitamin D is important for normal growth and development of bones and teeth, as well as improving resistance against certain diseases.

    In addition to its primary benefits, research suggests that vitamin D may also play a role in: reducing your risk of multiple sclerosis(多发性硬化), according to a 2006 study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association decreasing your chance of developing heart disease, according to 2008 findings published in Circulation helping to reduce your possibility of developing the flu, according to 2010 research published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition regulating mood and warding off depression losing weight or preventing heart disease.

    How do you get it? Your body produces vitamin D naturally when it is directly exposed to sunlight. A little can go a long way. All you need is 10 minutes a day of midday, pre-sunscreen sun exposure,especially if you have fair skin. Besides getting vitamin D through sunlight, you can also get it through certain foods and supplements to ensure adequate levels of the vitamin in your blood.

2.诗歌鉴赏(共1题)

5.
阅读下面宋词,然后回答问题。(7分)
蝶恋花 暮春 苏轼
簌簌无风花自堕。寂寞园林,柳老樱桃过。落日有情还照坐。山青一点横云破。
路尽河回千转舵。系缆渔村,月暗孤灯火。凭仗飞魂招楚些。我思君处君思我。
[注]①凭杖飞魂招楚些:典出《楚辞·招魂》“魂兮归来,反故居些”,意思是像《楚辞·招魂》召唤屈原那样召唤离去的友人。
17、(1)词的上片哪些景物表现了暮春的特点?(3分)
答:  
(2)本篇是词人送别友人之作,词的下片是怎样表现作者对友人的思念之情的?(4分)
答:   

3.现代文阅读(共2题)

6.
阅读下面的文字,完成小题。
即兴与推敲
即兴是作家因受某一外在刺激或内在冲动的作用,兴会来临,在文字操作过程中迅速地创造出某作品的状况。即兴的特点是趁热打铁。作家内在形象被唤醒并活动时,文思泉涌,势不可遏,笔落惊风雨,诗成泣鬼神。王勃写《滕王阁序》,李白“斗酒诗百篇”,都属即兴创作。有时,即兴表现为“我不觅诗诗觅我”的紧急状态。一连串的形象、意念、词句以及主要脉络的情节如排山倒海般自动涌现,写都写不及,作家只能抓住轮廓匆忙记下,过后再补充和完善。司汤达53天写出《巴马修道院》,巴尔扎克于1831年写出75种作品,都属此类。即兴作品大都有首尾贯通,情感炽热,有一气呵成之势。
但即兴不是没有酝酿而凭空出现的。首先,即兴需要足够的材料储备和情感积累,王勃铺排大量典故,李白诗歌中丰富的社会和人生经验,都是长期积累和有意储备的。任何酣畅淋漓的即兴创作,都是作家调集平生的记忆信息,厚积薄发形成的。其次,即兴创作要有气氛和契机。即兴的刹那似乎容易,实际上兴会的来临极难。没有气氛和契机,即兴无由发生。王勃拥被而卧,李白饮酒,巴尔扎克喝黑咖啡,便都是借此来制造某种刺激情境,以待兴会到来。第三,即兴的外在表现是突发性和一泻千里的冲动,但实际上却是作家综合心力的集中爆发,是长期酝酿的产物。司汤达写《巴马修道院》虽53天,但其准备和酝酿却花了6年。最后,即兴不是作家的理智所选择的,它和其所禀受的天赋、气质等先天因素以及后天所掌握的本领、技巧有关。
推敲是指作家在语言文字操作过程中反复选择单词、调动语序,以求准确、妥帖地把形象或意念具体化的操作手段。如果说即兴表现为灵感飞溅的快乐,那么推敲则表现了物化过程跋涉的艰难。李频“只将五字句,用破一生心”。《复活》中马丝洛娃的初次登台亮相的一个场景,托尔斯泰花费了10年时间,修改达23处之多。徐志摩说他作诗,从一点意思的晃动到一篇诗的完成,没有一次不经过“唐僧取经”似的苦难。
推敲不仅表现为词句的精选,也包括细节的提炼,人物的安排,章节的转换,意境的合成等等。由于文学创作的工具和媒介都是语言文字,因此,所有的推敲也都以语、词为主来进行。推敲的好处是精雕细琢,表达心象精确鲜明,无处不使人感到作家的匠心。正如即兴创造需要推敲一样,推敲创造有时也会出现颇为畅达的即兴。较长时间的词句斟酌,常常伴随着一连串的灵感和兴会。
即兴和推敲是同一操作过程的两个不同侧面,不可把它们绝对分开。对于具体作家来说,有的可能以即兴为主而以推敲为辅,有的则相反。不管他采用哪种操作方式,目的都是为了完满地把构思体现在纸上,把内在不可捉摸的形象物化为可以通过文字欣赏来消费的文学作品。
如果把即兴与推敲两种方式结合起来,也许更有利于物化的实现。在语言文字的操作实践中,凡著名作家都能发挥即兴与推敲之所长,为己所用。李贺每有兴会,便立刻记取一鳞半爪,存之“诗囊”,回家后反复修改。欧阳修兴会突至,即使如厕,也要马上笔录,过后挂于墙壁,再三推敲。
——节选自童庆炳《文学理论教程》有删改
【小题1】根据文意,下列说法正确的两项是
E、即兴创作是比较感性的,但它的背后需要的是长期的积累、积淀;推敲创作是比较理性的,但它的背后又常常伴随着一连串的即兴、灵感。
A.虽然即兴创作在表面上具有突发性,但实际上,它是作家情感和经验累积后的必然结果。
B.一部经过推敲而创作的作品,无处不使人感到作家的匠心;而即兴创作的作品,我们很难感受到作家的匠心。
C.由于徐志摩的作品没有一次不是推敲出来的,因此,读徐志摩诗,我们是感受不到那种一气呵成的气势的。
D.为了完满地把构思体现在纸上,作家就必须借助即兴和推敲两种方式,把内在不可捉摸的形象物化为可消费的文学作品。
【小题2】下列各项,最不能直接表现作者推敲过程的一句是
A.字字看来皆是血,十年辛苦不寻常。B.赤橙黄绿青蓝紫,谁持彩练当空舞?
C.为人性僻耽佳句,语不惊人死不休。D.吟安一个字,拈断数茎须。
【小题3】(小题3)请简要概述即兴创作产生的条件。(4分)
【小题4】文中说到“如果说即兴表现为灵感飞溅的快乐,那么推敲则表现了物化过程跋涉的艰难”。根据文意,你是如何理解这句话的,请简要说明。(4分)
7.
阅读下面的小说,完成后面题。
琴王
游睿
他很会拉琴。村子里的人都称他叫琴王。
他的琴声太动听了。 琴弦拉动,一串串嘹亮的音符就接踵而出。他的琴声里,有清晨撩人心扉的第一声鸡鸣犬吠,有山间清澈见底的潺潺流水,有阳春三月的花开遍地和莺歌燕舞,还有万里碧空的蓝天白云和艳阳高照。听他的琴,让人变得澄清。
很少有人见过他,但都听过他的琴声。他会在每个傍晚准时拉动他的琴弦。
当夕阳对着山村撒下最后一丝余辉,劳作了一天的人们扛着满身的疲倦回到家的时候,他的琴声会在村子的东头悠扬地响起。
琴弦一动,人们马上就陶醉在他的琴声里。白日里所有的疲惫,所有的烦恼和不快,都在他的琴声里渐渐消融,远去。最后人们带着微笑幸福地睡去,直到第二天精神抖擞地开始新的劳作。
因为他的琴声,村子里的人们感到幸福和充实。
这个傍晚天空被无数道闪电残忍地划破。汹涌澎湃的洪水如彪悍的巨蟒将村子死死缠住。 老人、小孩,所有人都被逼到村里的一个土包上。洪水一次又一次拍打着人们的脚脖子,像死神跃跃欲试的手。村子在自己的眼前渐渐变小,几块瓦片和木板在水里打旋。有人大声地哭泣,有人唾骂,有人惊叫,有人焦躁地踏着脚步,还有人绝望地准备跳水。天渐渐黑下来。完了,似乎一切都完了。
这时,村子的东头,依旧响起了他悠扬的琴声。那琴声里,有清晨撩人心扉的第一声鸡鸣犬吠,有山间清澈见底的潺潺流水,有阳春三月的花开遍地和莺歌燕舞,还有万里碧空的蓝天白云和艳阳高照。那琴声像在述说,像在安慰,让人陶醉,让人忘我。
人们开始安静下来,认真地听着。渐渐没有人说话,最后连咳嗽的声音都没有。人们再一次醉了。在他的琴声面前,所有的行为都显得粗俗和浮躁。谁都不敢妄动,生怕打破这份美好。只有安静,才能维持这份隽永。在人们心里,渐渐装进一湖平静的水。
终于,远处亮起了一点火光,是救生船来了。所有的人站了起来,但没有人拥挤,也没有人喧哗,因为他的琴声依旧那么悠扬和平静。当船靠近的时候,人们像是有人指导,都乖乖地站好,然后先是老人和小孩上船,再是妇女和男人,一切都井然有序。
最后,在他悠扬的琴声里,人们都顺利上了船。这时水越来越大,村子很快就没了。但直到船顺利启动,他的琴声还在进行,人们还陶醉在他的琴声里。
糟了,还有他!有人忽然回过神来。是呀,怎么漏了他,快喊。
喊,只有琴声在响。再喊,还是只有琴声在回答。他是聋子呀,怎么听见。
对,他就是个聋子。一个老人突然想起。人们这才完全回过神。原来他竟是个聋子!
就在这时,琴声戛然而止。
(原载《小小说月刊》2004年第13期)
【小题1】小说为什么要以“琴王”为题?请简要分析。(4分)
【小题2】小说中的“琴王”是一个什么样的人,请简要说明。(5分)
【小题3】结合全文,探究悠扬的琴声对村民们起到哪些方面的作用,请你分点概括。(6分)

4.语言表达(共2题)

8.
新闻点评就是用简约的文字对新闻进行评论,请点评下面的这则新闻。要求:见解独到,是非分明,不超过30字。(5分)
节后上班第一天,浙江某领导要求下属帮其女儿做寒假作业,而且这已经不是第一次了。“出动了9个员工,连司机都贡献出来,而且孩子要求特别高,原本是四道作业任选一,她全部都要做,但自己却一点不参与。作业有摄像画画写作文,我们九个人花三天时间熬两个通宵才赶工完成。”负责写作文的王先生说,“我已经35岁,为了找到感觉,我得把自己的思想状态转变成12岁的小姑娘。”
9.
将下面的句子扩展为60个字左右的语段,要求从正反两方面进行阐述。(6分)
肯定和赞扬往往会使人产生强大的精神动力。
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    选择题:(4道)

    诗歌鉴赏:(1道)

    现代文阅读:(2道)

    语言表达:(2道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:0

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:0

    9星难题:6