2015届吉林省长春十一中高三期中考试地理试卷(带解析)

适用年级:高三
试卷号:480889

试卷类型:期中
试卷考试时间:2014/11/14

1.综合题(共2题)

1.
下图为某日某时刻半球昼夜分布示意图,阴影为黑夜,此时D点在70°N纬线上,晨昏线与北纬30°相交点的经度是10°W 和 155°E。读图回答下列问题。(10分)

(1)写出该时刻太阳直射点的坐标及北京时间。(4分)
(2)该日C地的昼长是________________;该日后,D点将向N地靠近,C地的昼长将变________________,B地的正午太阳高度角将变________________。(6分)
2.
据美联社2012年2月2日报道,连日来寒潮给欧洲大部分地区带来了强降雪和极端严寒天气,白天气温降至零下10℃到20℃左右,到晚上气温可低至零下20℃至30℃欧洲许多国家的交通运输陷入停顿和瘫痪状态。(18分)

(1)有人说:“西欧似乎对冬季寒潮和冰雪完全准备不足”?试从气候的角度加以解释。(4分)
(2)导致图中甲处一月0℃ 等温线向北凸出的两个主导因素是什么(4分)
(3)2011年12月底,一艘油轮从世界上最大的产油区出发经苏伊士运河前往美国,这艘油轮预计航行一个月时间,试述当航行至地中海时常见的天气状况?以及当航行至丁海峡时航速较慢的理由是什么(6分)
(4)分析欧洲西部温带海洋性气候对农业生产的影响(4分)

2.单选题(共8题)

3.

   下图为10月1日甲、乙、丙、丁四地昼夜长短比例示意图(阴影部分表示夜长)。

读图完成下列小题。

【小题1】甲、乙、丙、丁四地地球自转线速度由大到小排序正确的是
A.甲、丁、丙、乙
B.乙、丙、甲、丁
C.甲、丙、丁、乙
D.丁、甲、丙、乙
【小题2】地球表面做水平运动的物体发生左偏的地点是
A.甲B.乙C.丙D.丁
【小题3】该日正午太阳高度有可能恰好为0°的地点
A.甲B.乙C.丙D.丁
4.
读表1和图2,回答下列小题。

【小题1】下列说法正确的是
A.北京晴转多云,最低气温出现在午夜
B.上海中雨,应防范滑坡、泥石流灾害的发生
C.哈尔滨有雾,大气能见度低,需注意行车安全
D.西宁晴,外出应做好防晒、防中暑准备
【小题2】该日上海与北京最高气温不同,图2中能正确解释其根本原因的序号是
A.①B.②C.③D.④
5.
“天宫二号”是我国研发的第二个空间实验室,预计2015年前后在酒泉卫星发射中心发射,结合所学知识回答下面各小题。
【小题1】相对于海南文昌卫星发射中心,酒泉卫星发射中心的优势主要在于()
A.降水少,晴天多,更有利于航天发射
B.纬度低,地球自转线速度大,可节省燃料
C.空中及海上交通都很方便,便于运输
D.人口稀少,发射后残骸不易危及人们的安全
【小题2】下列有关太阳活动的影响,叙述不正确的()
A.影响空间实验室的安全及地-空联系
B.产生磁暴,指南针不能正确指示方向
C.干扰电离层,影响无线电长波通讯
D.使高纬度地区产生极光
6.
右图为以北极点为中心的俯视图,读图,回答下面各小题。

【小题1】图中,新的一天的范围是()
A.90°W-0°B.90°E-90°W
C.180°-0°D.90°E-180°
【小题2】若图示日期后,图中的白昼范围缩小,则该日期最可能是()
A.3月21日B.6月22日
C.9月23日D.12月22日
7.
读“水循环示意图”,完成下面小题。

【小题1】图中Ⅰ 、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ代表的水循环环节分别是(   )
A.下渗、地表径流、蒸发、地下径流
B.蒸发、地下径流、下渗、地表径流
C.地表径流、蒸发、下渗、地下径流
D.蒸发、地表径流、下渗、地下径流
【小题2】下图表示降水后各因素对Ⅱ环节的影响,其中正确的是(    )
A.B.
C.D.
8.
下图为世界四大渔场附近洋流分布图。读图回答下列各题。

【小题1】四渔场中成因与其他三大渔场不同的是
A.甲B.乙C.丙D.丁
【小题2】关于洋流对地理环境影响叙述正确的是
A.②洋流加快了海洋污染净化速度,缩小了污染范围
B.在③④⑤洋流影响下,大陆沿岸降水增加
C.在⑤洋流影响下,沿岸热带沙漠气候所跨纬度范围变大
D.⑥⑦洋流交汇处对海轮航行有利
9.
阿克库勒湖位于新疆阿勒泰地区(阿尔泰山南麓、准噶尔盆地北缘),读“该湖附近的等高线地形图”,回答下面各小题。

【小题1】下列关于阿克库勒湖和河流的叙述,正确的是()
A.湖泊为内流湖,其水位的变化受气温的影响小
B.图中①②③河流均注入该湖
C.④河与③河相比,流量的季节变化大
D.①河与②河相比,流速更快
【小题2】根据材料信息,可以推测下列说法正确的是()
A.站在A处不能看到B处
B.该湖周围是我国著名的长绒棉产地
C.宿营地可以选择在C处以方便取水
D.此图的等高距为50米
10.

2013年中国正式成为北极理事会永久观察员国。开展对北极地区的考察对促进中国可持续发展具有重要意义。下图为北极地区冰雪覆盖范围及变化预测示意图。

读图完成下列各题。

【小题1】影响北极地区冰雪覆盖范围变化的主要原因是
A.沿岸暖流加强B.全球气候变暖
C.极昼天数较多D.太阳辐射增强
【小题2】北极地区冰雪覆盖范围的变化会给中国带来的直接影响是
A.森林生态系统得以改善
B.极端天气事件明显减少
C.通往欧洲的北部航线开通
D.人口大量向北极地区迁移

3.选择题(共4题)

11.阅读理解

    Women make better drivers than men for many reasons. Why is that? If you ask me, I'd like to say, men know that women are better drivers but do not have the courage to admit the truth—women are queens of the road.

    Unlike men, women stop for directions when they have no idea as to where they are going. We don't drive around for hours pointlessly wasting a tank of gas only to find ourselves heading in the wrong direction. Have you ever been in a car with a man who is lost? He tells you to shut up when you begin to open your mouth. And every five minutes or so he takes a turn going forty-five miles per hour only to find out he's made another wrong turn.

    Speeding is what men do best on the road. There is a reason why men get more speeding tickets than women. Not because we trick to get out of tickets but only because we don't get pulled over as frequently. We don't speed. We have more intelligence than senselessly to put our own lives as well as the lives of others in danger.

    My largest issue with male drivers is how a majority of them drive with one hand on the wheel and the other hand doing only God knows what. The seat is backed as far as possible, and they're totally lost into loud music beyond a necessary level. You don't ever see women driving like that.

    I feel that the above evidence more than proves my points that women are not only better drivers but also safer drivers than men. We women rule the road. Oh, and men, if you want to continue criticizing(批评)women for being bad drivers, bring it on.

12.任务型阅读

    When it comes to the benefit of volunteering, a lot of people think it's all about the warm feeling after helping someone. {#blank#}1{#/blank#}As is known, charity work requires a wide variety of people to do a wide variety of things for everything to work. It means that there are some surprising benefits for volunteers. For example, volunteering:

    Teaches you new skills.

    From helping making websites to teaching immigrant kids your native language, or to arranging events for charity, volunteering can really be almost anything. It means that when you get involved charity work, a lot of the time you will face challenges. {#blank#}2{#/blank#}

    Can teach you what truly matters.

    It's a great way to find new perspectives(角度)on life. When you've been at it for a while, you just might find yourself re-evaluating your advantages.{#blank#}3{#/blank#} One of my friends went from wanting U be a lawyer to discovering a true passion for teaching

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#}

    Maybe it is not surprising, but what might surprise you is how genuine these friends are. Some oi my long-term friends are people I've met through volunteering. I'm not that kind of guy that makes friends purely for connections, but sometimes it's very convenient to have a broad network.

    Summed up in one line: volunteering helps you grow. {#blank#}5{#/blank#} You meet a wide variety of people who don't have a lot in common with. You learn to get along with people involved in many different walks in life. You learn to know what you are to do. So if you've ever considered volunteering, what are you waiting for?

A. You might even decide on a completely new path to take in life.

B. Helps you make new friends

C. As it turns out, that's far from the only benefit.

D. Volunteering helps you look outside yourself and your problems.

E. Through overcoming the challenges, you learn completely new skills.

F. Not only as a person, but it helps you develop your skill as well.

G. Can help improve social skills

13.阅读理解

    Humans are much worse at estimating risk than we think we are. While we overestimate the risk of rare but disastrous occurrences, such as being attacked by a shark, many of us seriously underestimate the risk of behaviors that reduce our lifespan (寿命), such as smoking.

    In fact, there are two types of risks — acute and chronic. Acute risks are those that may kill you immediately, such as a car accident.

    Chronic risks don't kill you immediately but rob you of your life a little at a time. If you choose to eat an unhealthy diet, for instance, you may appear to be getting away with this, but you risk developing illnesses in future that may shorten your life.

    The problem is we value things much less when they occur in the future. Distant events are abstract — we don't know how and when they might affect us -~ so we care less about them.

    Take smoking for example. It is just about the worst choice you can make for your health. Every two cigarettes that you smoke takes 30 minutes off your lifespan.

    In contrast, eating vegetables is clearly very good for you, with each serve increasing your lifespan by two hours. This is a massive health gain and clearly should be a strong motivator for you to eat healthily.

    Drinking coffee is also good for you, though with limited health gains. Each cup of coffee (assuming you drink reasonably), is associated with approximately a ten-minute gain in your lifespan.

    Even drinking alcohol may add to your lifespan, with each serve adding 30 minutes to the length of your life. But this health gain is only true for the first drink; following drinks shorten lifespan. Alcohol also causes an acute risk when consumed in excess. Too much drinking gives you a 25 in one million chance of sudden death.

    We shouldn't be too nervous about exposure to risks. Life is all about making decisions about risks and rewards, and we all have a different starting point for what we consider acceptable risks to take. Even if we don't always make the healthiest decisions, at least we can make ones that are fully informed.

14.任务型阅读

Parents and the Young

    It is natural that young people are often uncomfortable being with their parents. They say that their parents don't understand them. {#blank#}1{#/blank#} And they tend to feel that their parents are too serious and too strict with their children, seldom giving their children a free hand.

    Parents often find it difficult to win their children's trust. And they always forget how they themselves felt when young. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} It is one of their ways to show that they have grown up. But older people worry more easily; most of them plan things ahead.

    Young people often make their parents angry with their choice in clothes, in entertainment and in music. {#blank#}3{#/blank#} It is just that they feel cut off from the older people's world, into which they have not yet been accepted. That's why young people want to make a new culture of their own, which makes their parents worried and upset.

    Sometimes you are so proud of yourself that you do not want your parents say “yes” to what you do. {#blank#}4{#/blank#} It is natural enough, after being a child for so many years, when you were completely under your parents' control.

    {#blank#}5{#/blank#} When your parents see that you have a high sense of responsibility, they will certainly give you the right to do what you want to do.

A. So how should you understand that?

B. But they do not mean to cause any trouble.

C. All you want is to be left alone and do what you like.

D. If you plan to handle your life, try to win your parents over.

E. They think that their parents don't keep pace with modern ways.

F. You will have better success if you ask before you really start doing it.

G. For example, young people like to act on the spot without much thinking.

试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    综合题:(2道)

    单选题:(8道)

    选择题:(4道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:0

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:0

    9星难题:10