人教版高中地理必修一第三章 第一节 自然界的水循环 同步测试

适用年级:高一
试卷号:468206

试卷类型:课时练习
试卷考试时间:2018/5/21

1.综合题(共3题)

1.
读图,完成下列要求。

(1)写出图中下列字母所代表的水循环环节名称
A_________ B____________________ C____________________ D____________________
(2)从水循环发生的领域来看,水循环可分为____________________________、__________________________和海上内循环三种类型,其中与人类关系最密切的水循环是________________________________。简述其地理意义。
(3)我国的“南水北调”工程对水循环中的 ____________________(环节)的直接影响最大。
2.
读“水循环示意图”,完成下列问题。

(1)写出图中水循环环节的名称:
A________   B________   C________   
(2)图中由A、B、C、D环节组成的水循环类型为________循环。   
(3)如果某流域内植被遭到破坏,可能直接导致( )(单选)   
A. 降水量增加B. 地表径流量增加C. 水汽输送量增加D. 地下径流量增加
3.
读水循环示意图,完成下题.

(1)图中字母代表的水循环各环节是:A________;B________;C________;D________;   
(2)图中A→B→C→D所代表的水循环类型是________,该循环发生的领域是________和________ 之间,它可以促进________(陆地、海洋)水的不断地补充和更新.   
(3)在水循环各环节中,人类能够施加影响最多的主要是________ (填数码),人们可以通过修建________ 来调节水资源的季节分布不均,从而满足人类对水资源的需求.最能代表我国夏季东南风的环节是________(填数码).

2.单选题(共14题)

4.
读我国东北地区某河流流量补给示意图,回答下题.

【小题1】图中数码表示雨水补给和季节性融雪补给类型的分别是(  )
A.①②B.②③C.③②D.③①
【小题2】与淮河相比,该河流水文特征是(  )
A.水位季节变化小B.泥沙含量大C.有明显的春汛和夏汛D.冬季封冻断流
5.
下列关于陆地水体补给关系的叙述,不正确的是(  )
A.陆地水体最主要的补给形式是大气降水
B.以降水补给为主的河流,夏季流量大
C.以冰川融水补给为主的河流,夏季流量最大
D.河流水、湖泊水、地下水之间,具有相互补给关系
6.
读“水循环示意图”(图8),回答题。

【小题1】图中代号所对应的水循环环节正确的是()
A.①-降水B.②-蒸发C.③-水汽输送D.④-地表径流
【小题2】水循环的各个环节中,目前受人类活动影响最大的是()
A.海洋蒸发B.地表径流C.水汽输送D.凝结降水
7.
下图为在人工模拟降雨条件下,不同性质的城市地对面水量入渗随时间变化。
据此完成下列小题。

【小题1】不同性质的地表,对水循环影响差异较大的环节是     (  )
A.下渗B.蒸发C.降水D.水汽输送
【小题2】为了美化环境并减轻城市内涝的发生,城市下垫面最适宜增加 (  )
A.透水混凝土砖B.草皮空心砖C.普通混凝土砖D.绿地
8.
读城市水循环示意图(下图),回答问题。

在城镇建设中,提倡用透水材料铺设“可呼吸地面”代替不透水的硬质地面。采用“可呼吸地面”之后,上图中四个环节的变化符合实际的是
A.a增加
B.b增加
C.c减少
D.d减少
9.
目前安徽省正试点“海绵城市”建设:缺水地区,优先利用透水砖、下沉式绿地、生物滞留设施等;其他地区,优先利用雨水湿地、蓄水池等措施,构建新型的城市水循环系统。据此完成下列小题。

【小题1】“海绵城市”建设对图中水循环环节的影响符合实际的是()
A.①增加B.②减少
C.③减少D.④增加
【小题2】“海绵城市”建设的主要目的是()
①减少城市用水量②促进雨水资源利用③增强城市排水能力④缓解城市内涝
A.④②B.②③
C.②④D.③④
10.
下列水体中,水循环速度最快,周期最短的是(  )
A.河流水B.湖泊水C.冰川水D.地下水
11.
(题文)下列对下图的分析,正确的是(  )

①a—d环节联系了地球的各个圈层 ②b环节直接为陆地降水输送大量水汽
③c环节对陆地淡水资源更新有重要意义   ④d环节水量受地表植被条件影响不大
A.①②B.②③
C.③④D.①④
12.
读“全球水循环示意图”,南水北调输水工程主要是对水循环的哪一环节施加影响(   )
A.③B.④C.⑤D.⑥
13.
修建水库、跨流域调水是人类最常干预的水循环的哪个环节(  )
A.蒸发B.水汽输送C.降水D.径流
14.
图中代号所对应的水循环环节正确的是(  )
A.①-降水B.②-蒸发C.③-水汽输送D.④-地表径流
15.
2015年1月3日,江西九江,受久旱少雨和上游来水减少的影响,我国第一大淡水湖鄱阳湖(注入长江)逼近极枯水位,湖泊中央标志性景观落星墩“水落石出”,据此完成下列问题。

【小题1】导致鄱阳湖逼近极枯水位的原因主要是(   )
A.汇入的地表径流大量减少B.地下径流大量流出C.湖水大量下渗D.湖水大量蒸发
【小题2】目前人类对水循环影响最大的环节是(   )
A.蒸发B.水汽输送C.降水D.地表径流
【小题3】下列关于水循环的叙述不正确的是(   )
A.水循环发生在四大圈层之间B.水循环不能塑造和改变地表形态
C.下渗和蒸腾也是水循环的重要环节D.鄱阳湖水参与了陆地内循环和海陆间循环
16.
读“水循环示意图”(图中序号表示水循环环节),回答问题。

【小题1】有关各地区水循环的说法,正确的是
A.东亚地区:环节①的水量7月份较小B.南亚地区:环节②的水量1月份较大
C.地中海沿岸:环节③的水量7月份较小D.开普敦附近:环节⑥的水量1月份较小
【小题2】关于人类活动对水循环的影响,叙述正确的是
A.目前人类对环节①施加的影响最大B.城市规模扩大可以增加环节④的水量
C.植树造林可以增加环节④的水量D.修建水库可以减少环节⑤的水量
17.
下图为圈层间的主要水分循环示意图,读图回答下列各题。

【小题1】图中甲、乙、丙、丁代表的圈层分别为(   )
A.大气圈、生物圈、岩石圈、水圈B.大气圈、水圈、岩石圈、生物圈
C.大气圈、生物圈、水圈、岩石圈D.大气圈、水圈、生物圈、岩石圈
【小题2】下列关于各圈层间相互联系的叙述,正确的是(   )
A.生物生长参与了岩浆岩的形成过程B.水循环是围绕生物圈进行的
C.地壳物质循环是大气运动的主要动力D.季风环流参与了海陆间水循环

3.选择题(共11题)

18.

下图是人在一个标准大气压下的一次平静呼吸过程中肺内气体的变化曲线图,下列表述正确的是(       )

19.

取甲乙两个瓶子,甲瓶中装有萌发的种子;乙瓶中装有未萌发的种子;两瓶分别用橡皮盖严,放在温暖的地方,一天后把燃烧着的蜡烛分别放入两瓶内,观察到的现象是(  )

20.

取甲乙两个瓶子,甲瓶中装有萌发的种子;乙瓶中装有未萌发的种子;两瓶分别用橡皮盖严,放在温暖的地方,一天后把燃烧着的蜡烛分别放入两瓶内,观察到的现象是(  )

21.我知道蜜蜂要采哪朵花。

①山脚下有一{#blank#}1{#/blank#}大石头。

②乌鸦看见一{#blank#}2{#/blank#}瓶子。

③我有一{#blank#}3{#/blank#}手。

22.

“君不见:黄海波涛怒气冲,老将新疆护国门,菜市横刀血溅飞……”(注:“菜市”即北京菜市口刑场)该诗中提到的人物有(   )

①林则徐     ②左宗棠     ③邓世昌     ④谭嗣同

23.

“君不见:黄海波涛怒气冲,老将新疆护国门,菜市横刀血溅飞……”(注:“菜市”即北京菜市口刑场)该诗中提到的人物有(   )

①林则徐     ②左宗棠     ③邓世昌     ④谭嗣同

24.

“君不见:黄海波涛怒气冲,老将新疆护国门,菜市横刀血溅飞……”(注:“菜市”即北京菜市口刑场)该诗中提到的人物有(   )

①林则徐     ②左宗棠     ③邓世昌     ④谭嗣同

25.
读“我国东北地区某河流流量补给示意图”,图中数码表示雨水补给和季节性融雪补给类型的是(  )
A.①、②B.②、③C.③、②D.③、①
26.

2015年3月13日下午,缅甸军机炸弹落入中方境内,造成云南省临沧市耿马县孟定镇大水桑树村正在甘蔗地作业的无辜平民4死9伤.如果有一个重伤病人他的血型是B血型,则他可以接受的血型是(  )

27.

阅读理解

    Chinese e-commerce websites fail to pay more attention to older consumers, says a news report.

    There's been a thought that younger consumers have been the driving force of online buying. That may not be the case. According to a statement from Alipay, the average expenditure (支出) of Alipayusers born before the 1960s was 31,000 yuan in 2012, much higher than 14,000 yuan of those born after the 1980s. It shows that online shopping has become akey part of people's daily consumption, for both young and old.

    Besides shopping, people pay bills such as water bill, electricity bill, and credit card repayment online. The middle-aged and senior consumers are also participating in that consumption revolution.

    Liu Chen, 56, said that his online expenditure in 2014 was over 50,000 yuan, about half of the total annual expenditure. He always pays his telephone bill online. Clothes, electrical appliances and kids' snacks are themain items he purchases online.

    Liu's shopping strategy is to find something good online first, then go to shops to check it out, and finally buy it online because it is cheaper. As quality concerns him, Liu only buys items that come with aguarantee.

    Stories such as those from Liu are representative of millions of middle-aged and older Chinese, which show the great potential of the aged inthe Chinese consumption market. Yet, the market seems not to be valued as it should be.

    Some Chinese e-commerce websites such as jd. com, dangdang. comand amazon. cn don't have a category for goods for the elderly on their mainpages. Alibaba's platform does have one, but the goods in it are not as abundant as other categories. Moreover, Taobao's category is not really designed for elders, but their children.

    Despite the seeming lack of commitment to older consumers, the Chinese market for the elderly is clearly huge, and e-commerce websites should takegreat efforts to develop it.

28.阅读理解

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试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    综合题:(3道)

    单选题:(14道)

    选择题:(11道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:1

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:0

    9星难题:17