2014届山东潍坊市安丘兴华学校九年级4月模拟历史试卷

适用年级:初三
试卷号:374846

试卷类型:月考
试卷考试时间:2014/6/9

1.综合题(共3题)

1.
善于用人、勇于改革是一个国家得以强盛的关键。阅读材料,回答问题。
材料一 秦孝公决心继承秦献公的改革……他发出求贤令说:“宾客群臣有能出奇计强秦者,吾且尊官,与之分土。”就是这则求贤令,将商鞅从魏国招到秦国,从而掀起了一场大规模的变法运动。经过商鞅变法,秦国“兵革大强,诸侯畏惧”“移风易俗,民以殷盛,国以富强”“商鞅相孝公,为秦开帝业。”……杀害商鞅的秦惠文王和他的后继者,顺应时代的潮流,仍然忠实地贯彻执行商鞅所制定的各项基本政策。
——大象出版社《历史上重大改革回眸》
(1)据材料一,指出商鞅变法的目的,概括这次变法的历史作用。(6分)
材料二 冯太后听从大臣的建议,革除部落旧俗,仿照汉制进行政治、经济改革。490年,冯太后病逝,孝文帝亲政。……他义无反顾地将都城由平城迁往洛阳。接着就推出改官制、禁胡服、学汉语、通婚姻、改姓氏等一系列全面改革举措。孝文帝及其祖母冯太后成功地承当起了促进“胡汉融合”的任务,成为顺应北方民族大融合的历史潮流的杰出代表。
——华师大版《中国历史(七年级上册)》
(2)据材料二,指出孝文帝改革中的关键举措及改革的历史作用。(4分)
(3)据材料一、二,分析两次改革得以成功的根本原因。 从中,你得到怎样的启示?(4分)
2.
每个时代都有自己的主要矛盾及需要解决的根本任务,这也就是时代的主题。阅读材料,回答问题。
材料一人类历史上的两次世界大战概况备忘录
战争
第一次世界大战
第二次世界大战
起止时间
1914—1918年
1939—1945年
参战国家
30多个
60多个
卷入人口
15亿多
17亿
伤亡人数
3000多万
8000多万
经济损失
3400多亿美元
50000亿美元
 
(1)据材料一,谈谈你对世界大战的认识。
材料二世界新秩序……有很多权力中心,每一个都独立活动。……美国是唯一的军事超级大国,但是靠军事力量能解决的问题越来越少,至于其他问题,如经济力量,美国仅仅是一个大国,还有可与美国匹敌的其他国家,如日本、欧洲在一定程度上也是这样,再过几年还有中国,以及苏联中的某些国家。
——1993年亨利·基辛格的谈话
(2)材料二说明当今世界格局出现了怎样的发展趋势?这种趋势对世界历史发展有何积极影响?
材料三坚持对外开放的基本国策,把“引进来”和“走出去”更好结合起来,扩大开放领域,优化开放结构,……形成经济全球化条件下参与国际经济合作和竞争新优势。
——***在党的十七大上的报告
(3)据材料三,指出当今世界经济发展的基本特点。举出改革开放以来,我国“参与国际经济合作和竞争”的一项重大举措。
(4)和平与发展已成为当今时代的主题。为推进祖国统一大业,党和政府正在实行的对台基本方针是什么?结合史实谈谈你对该方针的认识。
3.
思想解放和自然科学都是社会发展的重要推动力。阅读材料,回答问题。
材料一 因为人文主义运动内在的推动力也就是对崭新的世界知识的迫切需求,此种需求最后在自然科学的建立和自然科学按原则而扩展的过程中获得了实现。……近代自然科学是人文主义的女儿。
——文德尔班《哲学史教程》
(1)材料一中“人文主义运动”是指哪一重大历史事件?材料一的核心观点是什么?(4分,不得摘抄原文)
材料二 牛顿(1642-1727)的物理学的分析方法现今开始不仅被应用于物质世界,而且被应用于思想和知识的整个领域及人类社会。正如伏尔泰所说:“如果全部自然界,一切行星都要服从永恒的法则,而有一种身高五尺的小动物,却可以不把这些法则放在眼中,完全任意地为所欲为,那就太奇怪了。”寻找决定人类事物的这些永恒的法则,是法国革命之前的所谓启蒙运动的实质。
——斯塔夫里阿诺斯《全球通史》
(2)材料二中“物理学的分析方法”指的是什么理论?依据材料二,分析该理论的重要价值。(4分)
(3)根据你对材料一、二的分析,指出思想解放和近代自然科学两者之间的关系。此外,你还知道哪些中国近代史上的思想解放运动?(6分)

2.选择题(共24题)

4.阅读理解

    We get it: You're tired. You're busy. And your shoes are away over there. Excuses are OK sometimes, but not every day—and especially not today. So put on your sneakers, get up off the couch, and let us kick your excuses to the curb (路边).

    “I…dislike…panting !”

    Being really out of breath may mean you're trying too much too soon, which will kill your confidence. But you don't have to be huffing and puffing to get a workout. Being active doesn't have to mean high-intensity. It's just about moving.

    “I hate exercise.”

    It may seem unbearable, but you just have to get started. Exercise releases endorphins (your brain's own feel-good chemicals), which can be habit-forming. What' s the best exercise? The one you'll do regularly. So you may hate running. Don't run! Ride your bike or just dance. Even cleaning your room is active. As long as you're moving and getting your blood pumping, it counts. So get creative.

    “I don't have time.”

    You may not have lots of time to spare when you're busy with schoolwork, but we bet you can find 10 minutes. Bonus: An activity break will send oxygen to your brain, making you super-alert and more creative too. Famous thinkers like Aristotle and Steve Jobs liked “walking meetings," and you can follow in their footsteps by moving around while you brainstorm about a tough task or memorize your English vocabulary.

    “I never see results!”

    Even if you train with the help of a professional, you won't see results right away. But you will feel them almost immediately. Don't focus on how your body looks—focus on how you feel. Keep a journal of when you exercise (or don't) and how you feel that day: Stressed? Focused? Tired? When you start noticing the amazing effects of exercise, you'll have no excuses.

5.阅读理解

    We get it: You're tired. You're busy. And your shoes are away over there. Excuses are OK sometimes, but not every day—and especially not today. So put on your sneakers, get up off the couch, and let us kick your excuses to the curb (路边).

    “I…dislike…panting !”

    Being really out of breath may mean you're trying too much too soon, which will kill your confidence. But you don't have to be huffing and puffing to get a workout. Being active doesn't have to mean high-intensity. It's just about moving.

    “I hate exercise.”

    It may seem unbearable, but you just have to get started. Exercise releases endorphins (your brain's own feel-good chemicals), which can be habit-forming. What' s the best exercise? The one you'll do regularly. So you may hate running. Don't run! Ride your bike or just dance. Even cleaning your room is active. As long as you're moving and getting your blood pumping, it counts. So get creative.

    “I don't have time.”

    You may not have lots of time to spare when you're busy with schoolwork, but we bet you can find 10 minutes. Bonus: An activity break will send oxygen to your brain, making you super-alert and more creative too. Famous thinkers like Aristotle and Steve Jobs liked “walking meetings," and you can follow in their footsteps by moving around while you brainstorm about a tough task or memorize your English vocabulary.

    “I never see results!”

    Even if you train with the help of a professional, you won't see results right away. But you will feel them almost immediately. Don't focus on how your body looks—focus on how you feel. Keep a journal of when you exercise (or don't) and how you feel that day: Stressed? Focused? Tired? When you start noticing the amazing effects of exercise, you'll have no excuses.

6.
右图所示的著作是一份珍贵的国宝级历史文化遗产,被誉为
A.中华第一神品B.天下第一农书
C.天下第一巻D.金石第一录
7.
诗歌是生动鲜活的历史,它向人们描绘了历史的变迁和社会的沧桑。下列诗句所反映的历史现象按其发生的先后顺序排列正确的是
①“忆昔开元全盛日,小邑犹藏万家室。”
②“秦王扫六合,虎视何雄哉!”
③“人生自古谁无死,留取丹心照汗青。”
④“封侯非我意,但愿海波平。”
A. ①②③④
B. ②①③④
C. ③②①④
D. ④①②③
8.
身患绝症后当选“感动中国”2013年度人物的姚厚芝为给孩子留下学费毅然用127万针绣成了《清明上河图》.历史上,这幅名作在画家的笔下描绘了哪一都城的繁华景象(  )
A.汴京B.大都C.长安D.临安
9.
潍坊地区保存最完整、最具代表性的明清园林建筑,是被誉为“鲁东明珠”的
A.十笏园B.云门巨寿
C.偶园D.公冶长书院
10.玛丽后悔她没有把精力放到学习上。(regret)

{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

11.玛丽后悔她没有把精力放到学习上。(regret)

{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

12.玛丽后悔她没有把精力放到学习上。(regret)

{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

13.玛丽后悔她没有把精力放到学习上。(regret)

{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

14.
1842年,英国殖民者强迫清政府签订了丧权辱国的《南京条约》。最能体现英国发动鸦片战争根本目的的条款是
A.赔款2100万元B.割香港岛给英国
C.开放广州等五处通商口岸D.中英协定关税
15.
中国的近代化是在被侵略过程中艰难进行的。下列反映中国近代化进程的口号或主张中,最早出现的是
A.三民主义B.变法维新
C.自强、求富D.民主、科学
16.阅读理解

University Room Regulations

Approved and Prohibited Items

    The following items are approved for use in residential (住宿的) rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players. Items that are not allowed in student rooms include: candles, ceiling fans, fireworks, waterbeds, sun lamps and wireless routers. Please note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life.

Access to Residential Rooms

    Students are provided with a combination (组合密码) for their room door locks upon check-in. Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone. The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others. The fee is $25 to change a room combination.

Cooking Policy

    Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen. Students must clean up after cooking. This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff. Kitchens that are not kept clean may be closed for use. With the exception of using a small microwave oven (微波炉) to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.

Pet Policy

    No pets except fish are permitted in student rooms. Students who are found with pets, whether visiting or owned by the student, are subject to an initial fine of $100 and a continuing fine of $50 a day per pet. Students receive written notice when the fine goes into effect. If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court.

Quiet Hours

    Residential buildings must maintain an atmosphere that supports the academic mission of the University. Minimum quiet hours in all campus residences are 11:00 pm to 8:00 am Sunday through Thursday. Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am. Students who violate quiet hours are subject to a fine of $25.

17.
五四爱国运动是中国新民主主义革命的开端。五四精神的主旋律是(   )
A.爱国主义精神B.民主和科学精神C.追求真理的精神D.勇于解放的精神
18.
潍坊人民有着光荣的革命传统。下列关于潍坊革命史的表述,不正确的是
A.益都县城广大师生点燃了潍坊地区五四运动的熊熊烈火
B.王尽美是从潍坊大地上走出去的中国共产党的创始人之一
C.抗日名将马保三创建了“鲁东抗日游击队第八支队”
D.1949年4月山东兵团打响了震撼鲁东的潍县攻坚战
19.他们突然想到对于这个学生来说解决这个问题是多么困难。(hit/strike/occur)

{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

20.
照片是凝固的历史。从右图所示照片中可以解读出的历史信息是
A.制定了《中华人民共和国宪法》
B.决定了五星红旗为中华人民共和国国旗
C.标志着我国进入社会主义初级阶段
D.提出了建设有中国特色的社会主义
21.
责任重于泰山,对领导干部尤其如此。20世纪60年代,面对严重自然灾害,以强烈的责任心鞠躬尽瘁,全心全意为兰考人民服务的“县委书记的好榜样”是
A.邓稼先B.王进喜
C.焦裕禄D.孔繁森
22.
“社会主义初级阶段基本路线的思想是在中共十一届三中全会上开始形成的。”得出上述结论的依据是这次会议
A.确定了解放思想、实事求是的思想路线
B.停止了“以阶级斗争为纲”的错误方针
C.作出了把全党工作重心转移到经济建设上来和实行改革开放的决策
D.审查和解决了一批重大冤假错案
23.我对衣服不是很挑剔;我不介意穿着。(particular)

{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

24.我对衣服不是很挑剔;我不介意穿着。(particular)

{#blank#}1{#/blank#}

25.
罗马共和国同迦太基进行了三次战争,争得了地中海霸权。这三次战争史称
A.希波战争B.布匿战争
C.亚历山大东征D.特洛伊战争
26.语法填空

    {#blank#}1{#/blank#} in 1930, Yuan Longping graduated from Southeast Agricultural College in 1953. Since then, finding ways to grow more rice{#blank#}2{#/blank#}(be) his life goal. As a young man, he saw the great {#blank#}3{#/blank#} for increasing the rice output. At that time, hunger was a {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (disturb) problem in many parts of the countryside. Yuan Longping grows {#blank#}5{#/blank#} is called super hybrid rice, making{#blank#}6{#/blank#}possible to increase rice harvest without {#blank#}7{#/blank#} (expand) the area of the field. Yuan Longping has been considered the first agricultural pioneer in the world {#blank#}8{#/blank#}(grow) rice that has a high output.{#blank#}9{#/blank#} to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world {#blank#}10{#/blank#} hunger.

27.
科技发明给我们带来了多彩生活。下列科技产品,在第二次工业革命中出现的是
       
①    ② ③ ④
A.①②B.②③C.③④D.①④
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    综合题:(3道)

    选择题:(24道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:5

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:0

    9星难题:11