江苏省盐城市景山中学2017-2018学年八年级下学期期中统考生物试题

适用年级:初二
试卷号:351627

试卷类型:期中
试卷考试时间:2019/4/21

1.综合题(共1题)

1.
已知人的有耳垂(D)和无耳垂(d)是一对相对性状。小林同学对家人的该性状进行了调查,结果如下表:
爷爷
奶奶
姑姑
爸爸
妈妈
小林
有耳垂
有耳垂
有耳垂
无耳垂
有耳垂
无耳垂
 
(1)爷爷和奶奶都有耳垂,但爸爸无耳垂,小林认为这是________现象。
(2)据表中信息分析,爷爷和奶奶的基因组成分别为_______、_______,爸爸的基因组成是________。
(3)若小林的父母(爸爸:无耳垂,妈妈:有耳垂)再生一个孩子,预计这个孩子无耳垂的几率是_____。

2.单选题(共13题)

2.
如图为染色体与DNA的关系示意图。下列有关叙述中错误的是(   )
A.①为主要遗传物质
B.③的主要成分为①和②
C.①和②内均含有遗传物质
D.③在人的体细胞中有23对
3.
把一小块出芽的马铃薯种入土中,能长成新马铃薯植株的繁殖方式叫(   )
A.分裂生殖B.出芽生殖C.营养生殖D.有性生殖
4.
如图为鸡卵结构示意图,其中能发育为雏鸡的结构是(   )
A.①B.③C.④D.⑤
5.
下列各组不是生物相对性状的是(   )
A.豌豆的高茎与矮茎B.狗的长毛与白毛
C.猫的黑毛与白毛D.人的单眼皮与双眼皮
6.
通过对“性别决定”一节的学习,你认为生男生女主要取决于(   )
A.妈妈的体细胞B.爸爸的体细胞
C.爸爸精子的类型D.妈妈卵细胞的类型
7.
将白鼠乳腺细胞的细胞核,移植到黑鼠的去核卵细胞中,形成重组细胞。由该细胞培育而成的小鼠,体色应是 (    )
A.白色B.黑色C.灰色D.杂色
8.
下列应用实例与必须采用的生物技术搭配错误的是(   )
A.生产酸奶——发酵技术B.培养无病毒植株——组织培养技术
C.“试管婴儿”——克隆技术D.培养抗虫棉——转基因技术
9.
健康的生活方式和具有一些医学常识有利于青少年的健康成长,下面叙述正确的是(   )
A.为预防感冒,要经常服用抗生素
B.非处方药必须凭借执业医师处方才可以购买
C.青少年正处于生长发育时期,应少量饮酒
D.吸烟危害健康的原因是因为香烟中含有尼古丁等有害物质
10.
可用于生产鸦片、吗啡、海洛因的植物是(   )
A.罂粟B.虞美人C.夹竹桃D.咖啡
11.
手足口病是由肠道病毒引起的传染病,多发生于5岁以下儿童。控制本病流行的关键措施之一是对被污染的日常用品、餐具等立即进行消毒处理,这样做的目的是(   )
A.控制传染源B.研究病毒结构
C.保护易感人群D.切断传播途径
12.
春季是流行性腮腺炎的高发季节,曾经感染过腮腺炎病毒的人,可对此病产生终生免疫。下列关于这个现象的叙述,错误的是(   )
A.这种免疫是后天获得的
B.这种免疫属于特异性免疫
C.患过腮腺炎的人,对其他疾病也会产生一定的抵抗力
D.对患腮腺炎的病人要及时治疗并隔离,这属于控制传染源
13.
在一次体检时,发现小王体内没有乙肝抗体,医生建议他注射乙肝疫苗。注射的乙肝疫苗和产生的免疫方式分别是(   )
A.抗体、非特异性免疫B.抗原、非特异性免疫
C.抗体、特异性免疫D.抗原、特异性免疫
14.
如图表示蚊子吸食了甲的血液后,又吸食乙血液的过程。甲的血液中含有流行性乙型脑炎病毒,乙被蚊子叮咬后也患上了该病。在此过程中,传染源和传播途径分别是(   )

A. 甲和流行性乙型脑炎病毒
B. 流行性乙型脑炎病毒和蚊子
C. 甲和蚊子
D. 蚊子和乙

3.选择题(共2题)

15.

   What do you do if you're in trouble on a lonely island? Surely you need to find a way to get in touch with the outside world. Your best chance of doing this is to draw the attention of a passing plane.
   Body signals (信号)
   Pilots from different countries understand body signals if they have the correct training, When you wave your arms up and down in a straight line, it means, "yes". When you point downwards and swing your arm from side to side, it means "no". If you want the pilot to know that it's safe to land, push your hands out in front of you and bend (弯曲) your knees. If you want to say that it's not safe to land, put your arms in the air and move them to one side.
   Smoke signals
   The smoke from a fire can be seen from far away, so it's a good way to draw attention. If the weather is dry, it isn’t hard to start a fire. Remember, however, that fires can be very dangerous if they get out of control. Never light a tire unless you're sure that it can't spread. If the ground is dark, light smoke can be seen more easily. Green grass and leaves produce light smoke.
   Ground-to-air signals
   It's a good idea lo build some signals, too. Use large pieces of wood to make the symbols (标记). If you can't find any wood, use earth.      Some useful symbols are:
   F "I need food and water"
   II "I need medicine."
   I "I am badly hurt."
   X "I am unable lo move from here."
   Pilots' replies
   If the pilot lowers the plane's wings from side to side, this means: "message received and understood" (At night, the pilot flashes the plane's green lights.) If the pilot flies the plane in a clockwise circle, this means "message received hut not understood" (At night, the: pilot flashes the plants red lights.)
   However, there is no signal which means "message not received. Why not'

16.

   What do you do if you're in trouble on a lonely island? Surely you need to find a way to get in touch with the outside world. Your best chance of doing this is to draw the attention of a passing plane.
   Body signals (信号)
   Pilots from different countries understand body signals if they have the correct training, When you wave your arms up and down in a straight line, it means, "yes". When you point downwards and swing your arm from side to side, it means "no". If you want the pilot to know that it's safe to land, push your hands out in front of you and bend (弯曲) your knees. If you want to say that it's not safe to land, put your arms in the air and move them to one side.
   Smoke signals
   The smoke from a fire can be seen from far away, so it's a good way to draw attention. If the weather is dry, it isn’t hard to start a fire. Remember, however, that fires can be very dangerous if they get out of control. Never light a tire unless you're sure that it can't spread. If the ground is dark, light smoke can be seen more easily. Green grass and leaves produce light smoke.
   Ground-to-air signals
   It's a good idea lo build some signals, too. Use large pieces of wood to make the symbols (标记). If you can't find any wood, use earth.      Some useful symbols are:
   F "I need food and water"
   II "I need medicine."
   I "I am badly hurt."
   X "I am unable lo move from here."
   Pilots' replies
   If the pilot lowers the plane's wings from side to side, this means: "message received and understood" (At night, the pilot flashes the plane's green lights.) If the pilot flies the plane in a clockwise circle, this means "message received hut not understood" (At night, the: pilot flashes the plants red lights.)
   However, there is no signal which means "message not received. Why not'

试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    综合题:(1道)

    单选题:(13道)

    选择题:(2道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:11

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:3

    9星难题:0