2015-2016学年云南大理凤仪镇第三中学八年级上期中考试生物试卷(带解析)

适用年级:初二
试卷号:350826

试卷类型:期中
试卷考试时间:2016/7/19

1.单选题(共4题)

1.
我们对生物多样性最直观、最基本的认识是( )
A.遗传多样性B.生态系统多样性
C.物种多样性D.生物数量多样性
2.
生命起源的第二步是(  )
A.在一定条件下,原始地球上的原始大气中各种成分是能够转变为有机小分子的
B.有机大分子在原始海洋中相互作用,最后演变成具有能够生长、生殖、遗传的原始生命
C.原始生命进一步形成单细胞生物,地球上的生物从此生机勃勃,不断进化发展
D.由有机小分子合成蛋白质、核酸等有机大分子
3.
在植物进化过程中,从原始藻类植物进化到原始种子植物,体现出生物进化的趋势是
①由简单到复杂②由低等到高等③由自养到异养④由水生到陆生
A.①②③B.②③④C.①②④D.①③④
4.
现代长颈鹿的脖子很长,按照达尔文的进化理论,下列说法正确的是()
A.生物的变异都是有利于生物生存的B.因为经常吃高处的树叶而形成的
C.为吃到高处的树叶而形成的D.环境对不同个体的选择作用

2.选择题(共3题)

5.

    A young man went to the local expert(专家) on gems and said he wanted to become a gemologist(珠宝家). The expert turned him down because he feared the youth would not have the patience to learn. The young man asked for a chance. Finally, the expert told the youth, "Be here tomorrow."
    The next morning the expert put a jade(玉) stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. The expert then went about his work, cutting, weighing and setting gems. The boy sat quietly and waited.
    The following morning the expert again put the jade stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. On the third, fourth and fifth days, the expert asked the young man to do the same thing. On the sixth day, the youth held the jade stone but he could no longer stand(忍受) the silence. "Master, when am I going to learn something?" he asked. "You will learn." the expert said and went about his business.
    Several more days went by and the youth almost lost his patience. But one morning as the master put the stone in the youth's hand, the young man said without looking at his hand, "This is not the same jade stone!" "You have begun to learn." said the master.
    Practice makes perfect. The experience we learned from practice teaches us and develops our abilities. Experience is the best teacher. Even the most successful person had no absolute confidence once. It is experience that gives people confidence. The truth is: if you do the work and gain the experience, you'll have more confidence because you'll actually know what you're doing.

6.

    A young man went to the local expert(专家) on gems and said he wanted to become a gemologist(珠宝家). The expert turned him down because he feared the youth would not have the patience to learn. The young man asked for a chance. Finally, the expert told the youth, "Be here tomorrow."
    The next morning the expert put a jade(玉) stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. The expert then went about his work, cutting, weighing and setting gems. The boy sat quietly and waited.
    The following morning the expert again put the jade stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. On the third, fourth and fifth days, the expert asked the young man to do the same thing. On the sixth day, the youth held the jade stone but he could no longer stand(忍受) the silence. "Master, when am I going to learn something?" he asked. "You will learn." the expert said and went about his business.
    Several more days went by and the youth almost lost his patience. But one morning as the master put the stone in the youth's hand, the young man said without looking at his hand, "This is not the same jade stone!" "You have begun to learn." said the master.
    Practice makes perfect. The experience we learned from practice teaches us and develops our abilities. Experience is the best teacher. Even the most successful person had no absolute confidence once. It is experience that gives people confidence. The truth is: if you do the work and gain the experience, you'll have more confidence because you'll actually know what you're doing.

7.

    A young man went to the local expert(专家) on gems and said he wanted to become a gemologist(珠宝家). The expert turned him down because he feared the youth would not have the patience to learn. The young man asked for a chance. Finally, the expert told the youth, "Be here tomorrow."
    The next morning the expert put a jade(玉) stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. The expert then went about his work, cutting, weighing and setting gems. The boy sat quietly and waited.
    The following morning the expert again put the jade stone in the youth's hand and told him to hold it. On the third, fourth and fifth days, the expert asked the young man to do the same thing. On the sixth day, the youth held the jade stone but he could no longer stand(忍受) the silence. "Master, when am I going to learn something?" he asked. "You will learn." the expert said and went about his business.
    Several more days went by and the youth almost lost his patience. But one morning as the master put the stone in the youth's hand, the young man said without looking at his hand, "This is not the same jade stone!" "You have begun to learn." said the master.
    Practice makes perfect. The experience we learned from practice teaches us and develops our abilities. Experience is the best teacher. Even the most successful person had no absolute confidence once. It is experience that gives people confidence. The truth is: if you do the work and gain the experience, you'll have more confidence because you'll actually know what you're doing.

3.填空题(共1题)

8.
如图是米勒关于原始地球的模拟实验装置,美国学者米勒等人设计了如图所示的实验装置.首先把水加入500mL的烧瓶中抽出空气,加入甲烷、氨、氢的混合气体,然后把烧瓶内的水煮沸,使混合气体进入溶剂为5L的烧瓶中,在这些气体中连续火花放电一周,冷却后产物沉积在B瓶中,它含有氨基酸等有机小分子,根据如图所示,完成下列问题:

(1)A瓶内的气体模拟的是____________的成分.
(2)火花放电模拟的是_______,将B瓶中的水加热模拟的是_____________,这主要是为该实验提供能量.
(3)C瓶内的样品中含有的有机物是___________.
(4)通过实验,米勒得出的结论是雷电等原始的自然条件下,能形成__________.
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(4道)

    选择题:(3道)

    填空题:(1道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:3

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:2

    9星难题:0