2014-2015学年河南省实验中学高二上第一次月考生物试卷

适用年级:高二
试卷号:323811

试卷类型:月考
试卷考试时间:2017/7/27

1.非选择题(共2题)

1.
(12分)下图中A→G表示某基因型为AaBb的高等动物体内细胞分裂图像和染色体数目变化曲线。请据图回答:

(1)细胞图像D→F属于___________分裂,D→A属于________分裂。根据细胞______(填字母)可判断该高等动物为___________(填“雌”或“雄”)性。
(2)图中A细胞叫________细胞,细胞中含有_______条染色单体,_______对同源染色体。
(3)写出与图B细胞同时形成的另一个细胞的基因组成_________(不考虑基因突变等)。
(4)图D细胞在分裂产生配子时A与a的分离和a与a的分开分别发生在座标G中___________、___________阶段(用图G中数字表示)。
(5)下图表示某高等动物(2N=4)生殖器官中存在的5种细胞,用字母和箭头将下图5种细胞按细胞分裂的方式和顺序连接起来(图像可重复使用)______________________。(2分)
2.
(6分)某种动物的体色有黑色和白色两种,下列左图表示该动物一黑色个体的体细胞中部分染色体和基因;右图表示该动物体内黑色素产生过程中三个基因参与控制的代谢图解(C基因位于其它染色体上),不能产生黑色素的个体均表现为白色。请分析回答下列问题:

(1)由左图可知,该动物体内产生的细胞中最多存在_____个b基因,最少含有______个A基因。
(2)右图所示控制黑色素合成的三对基因的遗传是否遵循自由组合定律?_______(填“是”或“否”)。原因是___________________________。
(3)基因型都为AaBbCc的雌雄个体的体色的表现型为____________,这样的两个个体杂交其后代中黑色个体所占的比例理论上应为________。

2.单选题(共23题)

3.
减数分裂与有丝分裂相比较,减数分裂所特有的是()
A.DNA分子的复制B.含有同源染色体
C.染色质形成染色体D.出现四分体
4.
减数分裂四分体时期的细胞中,染色体、四分体及DNA数目之比为
A.2:1:4B.4:1:4C.2:1:2D.1:1:2
5.
某高等生物基因型为AaBb,经减数分裂能产生四种数量相等的配子。下图为其体内的某个细胞,则

A.该状态下的原着丝点已被纺锤丝拉开一分为二,并移向细胞两极
B.②与④上的基因分离体现了分离定律
C.图中基因位点①、②、③、④可能分别是A、b、B、b
D.该状态下的细胞含有8条染色体,其中②和③互为姐妹染色单体
6.
高茎(R)豌豆和矮茎(r)豌豆杂交,F1代全是高茎,自交所得的F2代中高茎787株,矮茎277株。则F2代卵中具有R和r的种类比及精子中具有R和r的种类比分别是
A.卵细胞(雌配子):R∶r=1∶1精子(雄配子):R∶r=3∶1
B.卵细胞:R∶r=3∶1精子:R∶r=3∶1
C.卵细胞:R∶r=1∶1精子:R∶r=1∶1
D.卵细胞:R∶r=3∶1精子:R∶r=1∶1
7.
10000个基因型为AaBb的精原细胞和10000个基因型为AaBb的卵原细胞,按照基因自由组合规律遗传,理论上可形成Ab基因型的精子数和卵细胞数分别为
A.40000、10000B.10000、10000
C.10000、5000D.10000、2500
8.
孟德尔在探索遗传规律时,运用了“假说一演绎法”,下列相关叙述中不正确的是
A.“F1(Dd)能产生数量相等的两种配子(D∶d=l∶1)”属于演绎推理内容
B.“测交试验”是对推理过程及结果的检测
C.“生物性状是由遗传因子决定的,体细胞中遗传因子成对存在、配子中遗传因子成单个存在、受精时雌雄配子随机结合”属于假说内容
D.“一对相对性状的遗传实验和结果”不属于“假说—演绎法”的内容
9.
让杂合体Aa连续自交三代,则第四代中杂合体所占比例为
A.1/4B.1/16C.1/8D.1/32
10.
豌豆是两性花,闭花受粉,用它进行遗传实验时,下列操作错误的是
A.杂交时,须在花蕾期对母本进行人工去雄
B.自交时,雌蕊和雄蕊都无需除去
C.杂交时,须在开花前除去父本的雌蕊
D.人工授粉后,应对母本套袋
11.
基因的分离了定律和自由组合定律分别发生在
A.减数第一次分裂,减数第二次分裂B.都是减数第一次分裂
C.减数第一次分裂,受精作用时D.都是减数第二次分裂
12.
右图是某遗传病谱系图(5号阴影表示患者)。如果6与某患该病的女性结婚,则生育有病男孩的概率是:
A.1/4B.1/3C.1/8D.1/6
13.
下列有关纯合体的叙述中错误的是:
A.连续自交性状能稳定遗传
B.由相同基因的雌雄配子受精发育而来
C.杂交后代一定是纯合体
D.不含等位基因
14.
水稻的非糯性对糯性是显性,是由一对等位基因A、a控制的一对相对性状。非糯性花粉中所含的淀粉为直链淀粉,遇碘变蓝色;而糯性花粉中所含的是支链淀粉,遇碘变橙色。现在用纯种的非糯性水稻和糯性水稻杂交产生F1。以下说法错误的是
A.F1产生的花粉遇碘1/2变蓝色,1/2变橙色
B.F1植株自交所结的种子遇碘3/4变蓝色,1/4变橙色
C.让F1植株与糯性植株杂交,产生的种子遇碘1/2变蓝色,1/2变橙色
D.F1植株自交所结的、遇碘变蓝色的种子中纯种占1/2,杂种占1/2
15.
为加深对分离定律的理解,某同学在2个小桶内各装入20个等大的小球(红色、蓝色各10个,分别代表“配子”D、d)。分别从两桶内随机抓取1个球并记录。则对此模拟实验的叙述以下说法中不正确的是:
A.每次抓取完应将小球放回原来的小桶中,保证每种配子被抓的概率相等
B.两个小桶代表的是雌雄生殖器官
C.两个小桶内的球数目可以不相等,但是每个桶内的D和d的球数目一定要相等
D.两个小桶内的球数目必须相等,但是每个桶内的D和d的球数目可以不相等
16.
下列各项依次采用哪种方法最适宜
①鉴别一只具有显性性状的羊是纯合体还是杂合体
②在一对相对性状中区分显隐性
③不断提高小麦抗病品种的纯度
A.杂交、自交、测交B.测交、测交、杂交
C.测交、杂交、自交D.杂交、杂交、杂交
17.
棕色鸟与棕色鸟交配,子代有23只白色,26只褐色,53只棕色。棕色鸟和白色鸟杂交,其后代中白色个体所占比例是
A.100%B.75%C.50%D.25%
18.
下列表示纯合体的基因型是
A.AABbB.AaBbC.AAbbD.AaBB
19.
已知豌豆红花对白花、高茎对矮茎、子粒饱满对子粒皱缩为显性。控制它们的三对基因自由组合。以纯合的红花高茎子粒皱缩与纯合的白花矮茎子粒饱满植株杂交,F2代理论上不会出现的是
A.8种表现型
B.高茎子粒饱满:矮茎子粒皱缩为15:1
C.红花子粒饱满:红花子粒皱缩:白花子粒饱满:白花子粒皱缩为9:3:3:1
D.红花高茎子粒饱满:白花矮茎子粒皱缩为27:1
20.
用纯种的黑色长毛狗与白色短毛狗杂交,F1全是黑色短毛。F1代的雌雄个体相互交配产生F2的结果如下表。据此可判断控制这两对相对性状的两对基因位于
 
黑色短毛
黑色长毛
白色短毛
白色长毛

44
17
14
6

45
14
15
5
 
A.同一对同源染色体上
B.一对姐妹染色单体上
C.两对常染色体上
D.一对常染色体和X染色体上
21.
某植物花瓣的大小受一对等位基因A、a控制,基因型为AA植株表现为大花瓣,Aa表现为小花瓣,aa表现为无花瓣。花瓣颜色受另一对等位基因R、r控制,基因型为RR、Rr的花瓣是红色,rr的为黄色,两对基因独立遗传。若基因型为AaRr的亲本自交,则下列有关判断错误的是
A.子代共有9中基因型
B.子代共有5种表现型
C.子代有花瓣植株中,AaRr所占比例为1/3
D.子代红花植株中,aaRr所占比例为1/6
22.
小麦的粒色受两对自由组合的基因R1和r1、R2和r2控制。R1和R2决定红色,r1和r2决定白色,R对r不完全显性,并有累加效应,所以麦粒的颜色随R基因的增加而逐渐加深(即R1R1R2R2颜色最深,R1r1R2R2和R1R1R2r2次之,r1r1r2r2颜色最浅)。将红粒(R1R1R2R2)与白粒(r1r1r2r2)杂交得F1,F1自交得F2,则F2的表现型有:
A.4种B.5种C.9种D.10种
23.
有一批基因型为BbCc(两对等位基因独立遗传)的实验鼠,已知B决定黑色毛,b决定褐色毛,C决定毛色存在,c决定毛色不存在(即白色),则实验鼠繁殖后,子代表现型的理论比值黑色∶褐色∶白色为(   )
A.9:4:3B.12:3:1C.9:3:4D.9:6:1
24.
某生物个体减数分裂产生的配子种类及其比例为Ab:aB:AB:ab=1:1:4:4,若该生物进行自交,则其后代出现纯合子的概率为
A.4%B.25%C.34%D.36%
25.
人类的多指是一种显性遗传病,白化病是一种隐性遗传病,两对相对性状独立遗传。一个家庭中,父亲是多指,母亲正常,他们生一个白化病但手指正常的孩子,则再生一个孩子只患一种病或同时患有两种疾病的概率分别是 ( )
A.1/2、1/8B.3/4、1/4C.1/4、1/4D.1/4、1/8

3.选择题(共13题)

26.It was at the bus stop ________ they met for the first time ________ they got to know each other and became good friends.
27.After working until midnight for two weeks, he finally ________ and had to stay in the hospital.
28.—Have you ________ been to our town before?

—No, it's the first time I ________ here.

29.After graduation, we often went to see our {#blank#}1{#/blank#}(以前的)teachers.
30.After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ________ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.
31.After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ________ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.
32.完形填空

    We all admit that modern technology has taken over our lives, for good of course. Young people celebrate the fast speed 1 can move at. But there is a group of people who cannot 2.

    It is the group of people who are caught up between traditional and 3 society, not exactly old and 4 change, but trying very hard to become modernized, ending up being 5in the middle. They are 40 to 60 years old and6the latest iPhone or Samsung phone. They buy an iPad just 7 they can afford to, and to play the same games on a larger screen.

    They are almost 8 the teenagers five years ago, 9 on their phones playing a game or using social media. They're everywhere. And I saw something today that made me extremely 10.

    On a train, a mother was 11 playing a Candy Crush-like game. Her daughter was sitting beside her. The little girl, about five years old, was talking to her mother about her day, shouting the next stop's name cheerily-obviously desperate attempts to get her mother's 12.

    The mother? All she did was nod and say the occasional “mmhm”. With her eyes on the13, she concentrated on completing the level. I watched the girl make a final 14 to get her mom to look at her, and when she had 15 she sighed and fell silent, defeated.

    It broke my heart, and got me 16 —what kind of game can make you 17 that you have the most beautiful thing in the world, a person you love with all your heart? What does it 18when you won't even look into her eyes or listen to her?

    The scene was so familiar years ago when parents 19that their children were too interested in their mobile devices. Look how the tables have turned now. I'm 20 whether to laugh or to cry. But all I can do now is hope that this storm passes.

33.—Do you mind if I open the window?

—________ I feel a bit cold.

34.Don't worry. The hard work you do now {#blank#}1{#/blank#} (repay) later in life.
35.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, ________ the audience can buy ice-cream.
36.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, ________ the audience can buy ice-cream.
37.After ________ seemed an endless wait, ________ was his turn to have the job interview.
38.Researchers say they have achieved a major {#blank#}1{#/blank#}(突破)in cancer treatment.
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    非选择题:(2道)

    单选题:(23道)

    选择题:(13道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:9

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:15

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:1

    9星难题:0