2012届上海市松江二中高三上学期期中考试化学试卷

适用年级:高三
试卷号:300268

试卷类型:期中
试卷考试时间:2017/7/27

1.推断题(共2题)

1.
已知:两个羟基同时连在同一碳原子上的结构是不稳定的,它将发生脱水反应:

现有分子式为C9H8O2Br2的物质M,已知有机物C的相对分子质量为60,E的化学式为C7H5O2Na在一定条件下可发生下述一系列反应:

根据题意完成下列各题:
(1)C的结构简式为__________________;M的结构简式为_________________。
(2)G→H的反应类型是_______________;H→I的反应类型是______________;
(3)1 mol M在NaOH溶液中充分反应,最多消耗_______mol NaOH。
(4)写出E→ F的化学方程式:_______________________;
(5)请写出同时符合下列条件的G的同分异构体的结构简式___________。(任写一种)
a、分子中含有苯环  b、能发生水解反应  
c、能发生银镜反应 d、与FeCl3溶液反应显紫色
(6)G脱去一个官能团后的物质在一定条件下能够与HCHO反应,生成一种高分子化合物,写出该反应的化学方程式:____________________________。
2.
已知:R-CH=CH-O-R′(烃基烯基醚)R-CH2CHO + R′OH
烃基烯基醚A的相对分子质量(Mr)为176,分子中碳氢原子数目比为3∶4 。与A相关的反应如下:

根据题意完成下面小题:
(1)A的分子式为_________________;
(2)B的名称是___________________;A的结构简式为_______________________;
(3)写出C → D反应的化学方程式:__________________________;
(4)写出两种同时符合下列条件的E的同分异构体的结构简式:__________、__________。
① 属于芳香醛;② 苯环上有两种不同环境的氢原子

2.计算题(共1题)

3.
将1.68克铁粉投入100mL稀硝酸中,两物质恰好完全反应,硝酸的还原产物全部是NO。向反应后的溶液中加入一定量的NaOH溶液,恰好使铁元素完全转化为沉淀,过滤,将滤渣洗涤、干燥、灼烧、称重,得固体a克,把滤液蒸干、灼烧、称重,得固体b克。根据题意完成下面小题:
(1)此硝酸的物质的量浓度范围是_____________________;
(2)a克固体的成份是_____________,质量为_______________克;
b克固体的成份是_____________,质量范围为_____________________克。
(3)假如反应中放出NO的体积(标况下)为582.4 mL,若向铁与硝酸反应后的溶液中继续加入铁屑,该溶液还能溶解的铁的质量为_____________。
(4)已知:25℃时NaOH的溶解度为118克/100克水。25℃时,把15克NaOH固体溶解在一定量水中,配成20克溶液,其密度为1.44g/mL。用该溶液去沉淀铁与硝酸反应后的溶液中的全部铁元素,至少需要取该NaOH溶液______mL。

3.单选题(共5题)

4.
分子式为C8H16O2的有机物A,它能在酸性条件下水解生成B和C,且B在一定条件下能转化成C,则有机物A的可能结构有(    )
A.1种B.2种C.3种D.4种
5.
兴奋剂是体育比赛中禁用的药物,有一种兴奋剂的结构如图。

关于它的说法中正确的是(   )
A.分子中有1个碳碳双键
B.既能发生加成反应,又能发生消除反应
C.该有机物能发生银镜反应
D.1mol 该物质最多跟6 mol氢气发生反应
6.
下列排列顺序正确的是()
①热稳定性:H2O>HF>H2S ②原子半径:Na>Mg>O
③酸性:H3PO4>H2SO4>HClO4④结合质子能力:OH->CH3COO->Cl-
A.①③B.②④C.①④D.②③
7.
某课外实验小组设计的下列实验合理的是 ( )
A. 制备少量氨气 B. 吸收氯化氢    C. 配制一定浓度的硫酸溶液   D. 制备并收集少量NO2
8.
下列溶液中能用来区别SO2和CO2气体的是()
①澄清的石灰水 ②氯水 ③酸性高锰酸钾溶液 ④氯化钡溶液 ⑤品红溶液
A.①④⑤B.②③⑤C.①②③D.②③④

4.选择题(共5题)

9.

我国大部分地区分布在五带中的(    )

10.

我国大部分地区分布在五带中的(    )

11.在下面的方格中画一个长方形,周长是20cm,宽是长的 {#mathml#}23{#/mathml#} ,再把所画的长方形分成面积比为1:2 的两个长方形.

12.

       One day Mrs Jones goes shopping alone(独自地). When Mr Jones comes home in the evening, she begins to tell him about a beautiful dress.  “I see it in a shop this morning,” she says, “and…” “And you want to buy it,” says Mr Jones, “how much is it?” “Fifteen pounds.” Every evening, when Mr Jones comes back from work, his wife goes on talking only about the dress. And at last, after a week, he says, “Oh, buy the dress! Here's the money!” She is very happy. But the next evening, when Mr Jones comes home and asks, “Have you got the famous(著名的) dress?” She says, “No.” Why not?” he says. “Well, it is still in the window of the shop after a week. I think nobody else wants this dress. So I think it is not a good one!”

13.

       One day Mrs Jones goes shopping alone(独自地). When Mr Jones comes home in the evening, she begins to tell him about a beautiful dress.  “I see it in a shop this morning,” she says, “and…” “And you want to buy it,” says Mr Jones, “how much is it?” “Fifteen pounds.” Every evening, when Mr Jones comes back from work, his wife goes on talking only about the dress. And at last, after a week, he says, “Oh, buy the dress! Here's the money!” She is very happy. But the next evening, when Mr Jones comes home and asks, “Have you got the famous(著名的) dress?” She says, “No.” Why not?” he says. “Well, it is still in the window of the shop after a week. I think nobody else wants this dress. So I think it is not a good one!”

5.多选题(共1题)

14.
将小块生铁分别置于少量的饱和食盐水或稀醋酸溶液的试管中,一定时间后可观察到的现象是(忽略放置过程的热量变化)()
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    推断题:(2道)

    计算题:(1道)

    单选题:(5道)

    选择题:(5道)

    多选题:(1道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:3

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:4

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:2

    9星难题:0