2012届福建省福州市罗源一中高三上学期第一次月考化学试卷

适用年级:高三
试卷号:297362

试卷类型:月考
试卷考试时间:2017/7/27

1.选择题(共2题)

1.

   When Steven was a young boy, he moved quite often with his family and so he never had many friends. He spent a lot of time on his own and liked to play with electronic(电子的)things. Steven had a neighbour, Steve Wozniak. Steve was a little bit younger than Steven but also liked to play with electronic things. Steven made a microphone(麦克风)and Steve asked him many questions about it until he understood how it worked. Steven liked the fact that such a young boy was also interest ed in electronic things and so he taught him everything he knew.
   When they were a little older and knew more about electronic things, they made a “blue box”. People could make free phone calls by breaking into the phone company’s system with this box. They sold this to many people even though it was illegal(非法的), but this is not why they are famous today.
   Steven and Steve were the inventors of the first PC—personal computer. They called their first computer the Apple I. They invented it only for fun and to make themselves known among their friends. They did not think it would become so popular. They just liked playing computer games on it. Their computer made it cheaper and easier for people to own and use a computer. Their PCs were so popular that they made a new PC called the Apple II. Soon many schools, families and factories were using their computers.
Without the two clever men, the personal computers might never have appeared.

2.

   Today, after many days of practice and lots of matches, we entered the basketball final.
   I was the leader of the team. At the very beginning, one student from our team got the ball and quickly shot a basket. Oh, it went in, 2:0. All our classmates cheered.
   But after a few minutes there were some mistakes and we lost eight points. I changed two players, but it didn’t help.
   At that time all our teammates felt worried and we even quarreled with each other angrily.  “It’s no use crying over spilt milk!” I shouted, “We must face it !” Let’s think about our mistakes and stop making them!”
   We had a short meeting . The second half of the match began. There was a big change. At first, our team got the ball and I shot from the three-point line at once. The ball did a beautiful curve and went straight into the basket.
   I become very confident. The other team was still very strong.
   A good chance came! I got the ball again and shot into the basket! 12:9! I couldn’t believe my eyes! Am I that good at shooting? How could I get so many points?
   We stayed in the lead. Finally the score was 18:16. We won!

2.实验题(共2题)

3.
我国化学家侯德榜(下图所示)改革国外的纯碱生产工艺,生产流程可简要表示如下:

(1)请写出碳酸钠的一种用途________。
(2)写出上述流程中X物质的分子式_________。
(3)使原料氯化钠的利用率从70%提高到90%以上,主要是设计了________(填上述流程中的编号)的循环,从沉淀池中取出沉淀的操作是_______。
(4)该流程中氨气和二氧化碳的添加顺序是:先通氨气后通二氧化碳,请说明理由:______。
4.
某化学兴趣小组在实验室制取漂白粉,并探究氯气与石灰乳反应的条件和产物。已知:①二氧化锰与浓盐酸反应可制备氯气,同时生成MnCl2。②氯气和碱的反应为放热反应。温度较高时,氯气和碱还能发生如下反应:3Cl2+6OH5Cl+ClO3+3H2O。该兴趣小组设计了下列实验装置,进行实验。

请回答下列问题:
(1)①甲装置用于制备氯气,其反应的化学方程式是_________;乙装置的作用是______。
②该兴趣小组用100mL 12mol/L盐酸与 8.7gMnO2制备氯气,并将所得氯气与过量的石灰乳反应,则理论上最多可制得Ca(ClO)2______________g。
(2)小组成员发现,产物中Ca(ClO)2的质量明显小于理论值。为了探究反应条件对产物的影响,他们另取一定量的石灰乳,缓慢。匀速地通入足量氯气,得出了ClO、ClO3两种离子的物质的量(n)与反应时间(t)的关系曲线,粗略表示为下图(不考虑氯气和水的反应)。①图中曲线I表示_____________离子的物质的量随反应时间变化的关系。
②所取石灰乳中含有Ca(OH)2的物质的量为______________mol。

(3)为了提高Ca(ClO)2的产率,可对丙装置作适当改进。请你给出一种改进方法:______。
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    选择题:(2道)

    实验题:(2道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:1

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:0

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:0

    9星难题:0