2014高考名师推荐化学镁、铝及其化合物主要性质

适用年级:高三
试卷号:293922

试卷类型:高考模拟
试卷考试时间:2017/7/26

1.推断题(共1题)

1.
单质A与粉末化合物B组成的混合物能发生如图所示的一系列反应:

请回答下列问题:
(1)组成A单质的元素在周期表中处于第__________周期__________族。
(2)化合物B的电子式为_____________________________。
(3)D与G两溶液混合后发生反应的离子方程式为____________________
(4)常温下,D溶液的pH________7(填“>”、“<”或“=”),其原因是____________________________(用离子方程式表示)。
(5)10.8 g A单质与足量的NaOH溶液反应,消耗氧化剂的质量为________ g。
(6)用碳棒、稀硫酸、气体E和气体F组成燃料电池,该电池的正极反应式为______________________。以该电池为电源,用惰性电极电解100 g 8%的C溶液,电解到溶质的质量分数为12.5%时停止电解,则电解过程中,生成的气体在准状况下的体积共为________ L,电路上通过电子的物质的量为________ mol。

2.工业流程(共1题)

2.
工业上用某矿渣(含有Cu2O、Al2O3、Fe2O3、SiO2)提取铜的操作流程如下:

已知:Cu2O+2H=Cu+Cu2+H2O
(1)实验操作Ⅰ的名称为________;在空气中灼烧固体混合物D时,用到多种硅酸盐质的仪器,除玻璃棒、酒精灯、泥三角外,还有________(填仪器名称)。
(2)滤液A中铁元素的存在形式为________(填离子符号),生成该离子的离子方程式为____________________________________________,检验滤液A中存在该离子的试剂为________(填试剂名称)。
(3)金属单质E与固体混合物F发生的某一反应可用于焊接钢轨,该反应的化学方程式为__________________________________________________。
(4)常温下,等pH的NaAlO2和NaOH两份溶液中,由水电离出的c(OH)前者为后者的108倍。则两种溶液的pH=________。
(5)从浓硫酸、浓硝酸、蒸馏水中选用合适的试剂,测定粗铜样品中金属铜的质量分数,涉及的主要步骤:称取一定质量的样品→________________→过滤、洗涤、干燥→称量剩余固体铜的质量。(填缺少的操作步骤,不必描述操作过程的细节)

3.单选题(共2题)

3.
工业上用铝土矿(主要成分为Al2O3,含Fe2O3杂质)为原料冶炼铝的工艺流程如下:

下列叙述正确的是
A.按上述流程,试剂X可以是氢氧化钠溶液,也可以是盐酸
B.反应①过滤后所得沉淀为氧化铁
C.图中所有的转化反应都不是氧化还原反应
D.反应②的离子方程式为2AlO2+CO2+3H2O=2Al(OH)3↓+CO32
4.
下列叙述中正确的是( )
①铁在过量氧气中燃烧生成Fe2O3
②铝在常温下不能与氧气反应
③能用同一离子方程式表示:浓氨水滴入Al2(SO4)3溶液和Al2(SO4)3溶液滴入浓氨水的反应
④铝粉与氧化镁共热可制取金属镁
⑤用过量氨水除去Fe3+溶液中的少量Al3+
⑥除去Al(OH)3中混有的少量Mg(OH)2:加入过量的烧碱溶液充分反应,过滤,向滤液中通入过量CO2后过滤
⑦除去FeCl2溶液中混有的FeCl3:加入过量铜粉,过滤
⑧生铁、普通钢和不锈钢中的碳含量依次增加
A.①②⑤⑦B.②③⑥⑧C.②④⑥⑦D.③⑥

4.选择题(共3题)

5.先通读下面的短文,然后根据短文内容,在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。

    Clothing(服装) is a language. We can look at the traditional clothing to know more about culure.

    Africa has a long history and a rich culture, and this is shown in traditional dress. The three colours—red, gold and green, are often used in the clothing. The first colour represents the blood of millions of people who fought for freedom; the second, rich resources of the African earth; and the third, the grassland of home.

    Because clothing has strong social meanings, people are very careful in choosing what to wear. It would be a serious mistake to wear the wrong clothes, or to dress in the wrong way. For example, in Ghana, a woman should wear her waistband (腰带) differently according to the importance of the social event.

    Traditional dress also tells us about everyday life. African designs are famous for loose (宽松的) clothing. The temperature there can be very high during the daytime but very low at night, so it requires that the clothes are comfortable for daily life.

    Today although more and more young people like wearing Western clothes, especially in big cities in Africa, traditional African dress is still quite valuable. This is because it has deep cultural meanings.

Traditional Dress in Africa

Different colours

 The three most {#blank#}1{#/blank#} colours used in clothing are red, gold and green.

 Different colours {#blank#}2{#/blank#} for different things: the blood of freedom fighters, resources of the earth and the grassland of home.

Social meanings

 Because clothing has strong social meanings, people have to choose what to wear {#blank#}3{#/blank#}

 Women in Ghana even wear different waistbands according to how important the event is.

Everyday life

 Because the temperature {#blank#}4{#/blank#} greatly, clothes are usually loose and comfortable.

 Though Western clothes are popular with young people in some areas, traditional clothes are still of great {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

6.清朝统治的结束,意味着中国(    )
7.清朝统治的结束,意味着中国(    )
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    推断题:(1道)

    工业流程:(1道)

    单选题:(2道)

    选择题:(3道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:1

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:3

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:0

    9星难题:0