2011-2012学年北京市重点中学高二上学期期中考试化学(文)试卷

适用年级:高二
试卷号:287763

试卷类型:期中
试卷考试时间:2017/7/27

1.选择题(共3题)

1.Dear Alice,
    You really have two different questions here,so we'll discuss them one at a time.
    Your problems at school may be a result of a number of things.You don't say much about how these classmates get along with each other.It's possible that all the students are feeling a little cautious(谨慎的) in the first term.
    It's also possible that the others are unkind.If this is so,you have to find out why you are the class “outsider.”
In your letter you say you often offer to help others with their work.Is it possible that your classmates don't understand your offers? Could it seem that you were trying to“buy”friends with these offers?
    Is it possible that you took no notice of your classmates when you had your good friend near you? They may have felt hurt at that time.It may take a time for them to believe in you if so.Try to ask one classmate directly what the problem is.If you hear a negative(负面的)answer,at least you'll know what to do.
Yours truly,
Shelia
2.小明同学将一块光亮的纯铜片放在酒精灯火焰上灼烧,发现铜片表面全部变黑.请你一起参与以下探究.
(1)提出问题:黑色物质的成分是什么? (2)查阅资料:①酒精在不完全燃烧时会产生炭黑.
②炭黑不与稀酸反应,也不溶于稀酸;氧化铜可与稀酸反应而溶解.
(3)猜想与假设:黑色物质可能是a:氧化铜,b:炭黑,c:{#blank#}1{#/blank#}    
(4)实验方案:取一小片变黑的铜片,放入盛有足量{#blank#}2{#/blank#} (填化学式)溶液的试管中,观察现象.
(5)现象与结论:若现象是{#blank#}3{#/blank#} , 则猜想a正确,试写出发生反应的化学方程式{#blank#}4{#/blank#}
3.

    “Who did this?” asked my teacher. Thirty children tried to think about not only what they had done, but also what our teacher might have found out.
    “Who did this?” she asked again. She never became angry, but she was this time. She held up a piece of broken glass and asked, “Who broke this window?”
    “Oh, oh,” I thought. I was the one who broke the window. I did not do it on purpose (故意). It was caused by a bad throw of a baseball. Why did it have to be me?
    If I admitted (承认) it, I would be in a lot of trouble. How would I be able to pay for a big window like that? “My father is going to get angry at me,” I thought. I didn't want to raise (举起) my hand, but something much stronger than me pulled it up. “I did it,” I said. Then I was silent. It was hard enough saying what I had.
    My teacher went to one of our bookshelves and took down a book. She then began walking towards my desk. I had never known my teacher to strike (打) a student, but I feared she was going to start with me.
    “I know how you like birds,” she said as she stood looking down at my face. “Here is the field guide about birds (鸟类野外指南) that you always check out from our school library. It is yours now. We have got a new one for the school. You will not be punished (惩罚). But remember, it's only for your honesty.”
    I couldn't believe it! I wasn't being punished and I was getting my own bird field guide, the one that I had been saving up all my money to buy.

2.单选题(共1题)

4.
下列化合物中只含有离子键的是
A.NaOHB.H2OC.MgO D.H2SO4

3.填空题(共2题)

5.
如何防止铁的锈蚀是工业上研究的重点内容。为研究铁的锈蚀,某同学做了探究实验,如下图所示,铁处于①、②、③三种不同的环境中。请回答:

(1)铁被腐蚀的速率由快到慢的顺序是_____________________________(填序号)。
(2)铁处于①环境时,正极反应式___________________________
(3)请你为以下钢铁制品选择适当的防锈方法。
A.自行车的链条、齿轮___________________
B.海水中的轮船___________________________
6.
(6分)环境和材料是现在社会中两大关注的问题,请回答:
(1)室内空气污染物主要包括CO、CO2、HCHO(甲醛)、C6H6(苯)等,在这四种污染物中,由建筑和装修产生的是_____________________。
(2)造成水体富营养化的主要原因是
A.汞(Hg)、镉(Cd)     B.N、P的化合物
C.石油泄漏 D.工厂排放酸、碱、盐
(3)造成白色污染的主要原因是
A.废塑料制品 B.废铝制易拉罐
B.废旧电池 D.生活垃圾
(4)为了治理汽车尾气的污染问题,可以在汽车的排气管上装一个“催化转换器”(用铂、钯合金作催化剂)。它的特点是使CO与NO反应,生成CO2和N2,写出该反应的化学方程式:
(5)合金是被广泛应用的金属材料,下列有关合金性质的说法正确的是 (填字母)
A.合金的熔点一般比它的成分金属高
B.合金的硬度一般比它的成分金属低
C.组成合金的元素种类相同,合金的性能就一定相同
D.合金与各成分金属相比,具有许多优良的物理、化学或机械性能
(6)塑料、合成橡胶和 是常说的三大合成材料。

4.实验题(共1题)

7.
实验室需要配制100 mL 1 mol/L的NaOH溶液,进行了如下操作:
①把称量好的固体NaOH放入小烧杯中,加适量蒸馏水溶解。为加速溶解,可用_____
(填仪器名称)搅拌;
②把①所得溶液___________后,小心转入____________________(填仪器名称)中;
③继续加蒸馏水至液面距刻度线1—2 cm处,改用_________________(填仪器名称)
小心滴加蒸馏水至溶液凹液面最低点与刻度线相切;
④用少量蒸馏水洗涤烧杯和玻璃棒2—3次,每次洗涤的液体都要小心转入容量瓶,并轻轻摇匀;
⑤将容量瓶塞紧,充分摇匀。
⑥计算需要NaOH固体的质量:_____g
请回答:
(1)正确的操作顺序为___________________________(填序号)。
(2)取出50 mL配制好的溶液,此溶液中NaOH的物质的量浓度为___________。
(3)若将烧杯中的溶液转移到容量瓶时不慎撒到容量瓶外,其它操作均正确,则最后配成的溶液中溶质的实际浓度比所要求浓度____________(填“偏大”、“偏小”)
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    选择题:(3道)

    单选题:(1道)

    填空题:(2道)

    实验题:(1道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:0

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:3

    9星难题:1