云南省玉溪市民族中学2017-2018学年高一上学期期中考试化学试卷

适用年级:高一
试卷号:285930

试卷类型:期中
试卷考试时间:2017/12/13

1.单选题(共6题)

1.
化学是一门以实验为基础的科学,掌握好化学实验基本操作是做好化学实验的前提。下列实验操作正确的是
A.蒸馏液体时,冷水应从冷凝管的上端进入,下端流出,符合水往低处流原理
B.过滤时,玻璃棒与三层滤纸的一边接触,漏斗下端紧靠烧杯内壁
C.进行蒸发操作时,待固体全部析出时再停止加热
D.分液时,当静置分层后,打开旋塞,使下层液体流出,待下层液体刚好流尽后,立即关闭旋塞,再换另一只烧杯,再打开旋塞,将上层液体流出
2.
利用下列实验装置完成相应的实验,能达到实验目的的是( )
A.称量NaOH固体B.用酒精提取溴水中的溴C.除去水中氯化钠D.从X进气收集CO2
3.
对危险化学品要在包装标签上印有警示性标志。氢氧化钠溶液应选用的标志是
A.B.C.D.
4.
除去下列物质中的杂质,所用试剂和方法正确的是( )
选项
物质
杂质
除杂质所用试剂和方法
A
KCl溶液
I2
蒸馏
B
KNO3
K2SO4
BaCl2溶液,过滤
C
Cu
CuO
稀硫酸,过滤
D
CaCO3
Ca(OH)2
盐酸,过滤
 
A.AB.BC.CD.D
5.
过滤后的食盐水仍含有可溶性的CaCl2、MgCl2、Na2SO4 等杂质,通过如下几个实验步骤,可制得纯净的食盐水:①加入稍过量的Na2CO3溶液;②加入稍过量的NaOH溶液;③加入稍过量的BaCl2 溶液;④滴入稀盐酸至无气泡产生;⑤过滤正确的操作顺序是(    )
A.③②①⑤④B.①②③⑤④C.②③①④⑤D.③⑤②①④
6.
2013年10月世界卫生组织癌症专门机构首次指认大气污染“对人类致癌”。下列行为有利于防止大气污染、遏制雾霾天气发生的是( )
A.在田间焚烧秸秆
B.冬季燃烧大量烟煤供热取暖
C.提倡开私家车出行,减少乘坐公交车
D.改善能源结构,大力发展太阳能、风能等清洁能源

2.选择题(共3题)

7.阅读理解

    John Blanchard stood up from the bench, straightened his Army uniform, and studied the crowd of people making their way through Grand Central Station. He looked for the girl whose heart he knew, but whose face he didn't, the girl with the rose.

    His interest in her had begun thirteen months before in a Florida library. Taking a book off the shelf he found himself intrigued, not with the words of the book, but with the notes penciled in the margin. The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and insightful mind. In the front of the book, he discovered the previous owner's name, Miss Hollis Maynell. With time and effort he located her address. She lived in New York City. He wrote her a letter introducing himself and inviting her to correspond. The next day he was shipped overseas for service in World War II.

    During the next year and one month the two grew to know each other through the mail. Each letter was a seed falling on a fertile heart. A romance was starting Blanchard requested a photograph, but she refused. She felt that if he really cared, it wouldn't matter what she looked like.

    When the day finally came for him to return from Europe, they scheduled their first meeting —7:00 PM at the Grand Central Station in New York. “You'll recognize me,” she wrote, “by the red rose I'll be wearing on my lapel.” So at 7:00 he was in the station looking for a girl whose heart he loved, but whose face he'd never seen.

    I'll let Mr. Blanchard tell you what happened: A young woman was coming toward me, her figure long and slim. Her blonde hair lay back in curls from her delicate ears; her eyes were blue as flowers. Her lips and chin had a gentle firmness, and in her pale green suit she was like springtime come alive. I stared at her, entirely forgetting to notice that she was not wearing a rose. As I moved, a small, attractive smile curved her lips. “Going my way sailor?” she murmured.

    Almost uncontrollably I made one step closer to her, and then I saw Hollis Maynell. She was standing almost directly behind the girl. A woman well past 40, she had graying hair tucked under a worn hat. She was more than plump, her thick-ankled feet thrust into low-heeled shoes. The girl in the green suit was walking quickly away. I felt as though I was split in two, so keen was my desire to follow her, and yet so deep was my longing for the woman whose spirit had truly companioned me and upheld my own.

    And there she stood. Her pale, plump face was gentle and sensible, her gray eyes had a warm and kindly twinkle. I did not hesitate. My fingers gripped the small worn blue leather copy of the book that was to identify(识别)me to her.

    This would not be love, but it would be something precious, something perhaps even better than love, a friendship for which I had been and must ever be grateful. I squared my shoulders and saluted and held out the book to the woman, even though while I spoke I felt choked(哽咽)by the bitterness (痛苦)of my disappointment. "I'm Lieutenant (中尉)John Blanchard, and you must be Miss Maynell. I am so glad you could meet me; may I take you to dinner?"

    The woman's face broadened into a tolerant smile. "I don't know what this is about, son," she answered, "but the young lady in the green suit who just went by, she begged me to wear this rose on my coat. And she said if you were to ask me out to dinner, I should go and tell you that she is waiting for you in the big restaurant across the street. She said it was some kind of test!"

    It's not difficult to understand and admire Miss Maynell's wisdom. The true nature of a heart is seen in its response to the unattractive. "Tell me whom you love," Houssaye wrote, "And I will tell you who you are."

8.阅读理解

    John Blanchard stood up from the bench, straightened his Army uniform, and studied the crowd of people making their way through Grand Central Station. He looked for the girl whose heart he knew, but whose face he didn't, the girl with the rose.

    His interest in her had begun thirteen months before in a Florida library. Taking a book off the shelf he found himself intrigued, not with the words of the book, but with the notes penciled in the margin. The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and insightful mind. In the front of the book, he discovered the previous owner's name, Miss Hollis Maynell. With time and effort he located her address. She lived in New York City. He wrote her a letter introducing himself and inviting her to correspond. The next day he was shipped overseas for service in World War II.

    During the next year and one month the two grew to know each other through the mail. Each letter was a seed falling on a fertile heart. A romance was starting Blanchard requested a photograph, but she refused. She felt that if he really cared, it wouldn't matter what she looked like.

    When the day finally came for him to return from Europe, they scheduled their first meeting —7:00 PM at the Grand Central Station in New York. “You'll recognize me,” she wrote, “by the red rose I'll be wearing on my lapel.” So at 7:00 he was in the station looking for a girl whose heart he loved, but whose face he'd never seen.

    I'll let Mr. Blanchard tell you what happened: A young woman was coming toward me, her figure long and slim. Her blonde hair lay back in curls from her delicate ears; her eyes were blue as flowers. Her lips and chin had a gentle firmness, and in her pale green suit she was like springtime come alive. I stared at her, entirely forgetting to notice that she was not wearing a rose. As I moved, a small, attractive smile curved her lips. “Going my way sailor?” she murmured.

    Almost uncontrollably I made one step closer to her, and then I saw Hollis Maynell. She was standing almost directly behind the girl. A woman well past 40, she had graying hair tucked under a worn hat. She was more than plump, her thick-ankled feet thrust into low-heeled shoes. The girl in the green suit was walking quickly away. I felt as though I was split in two, so keen was my desire to follow her, and yet so deep was my longing for the woman whose spirit had truly companioned me and upheld my own.

    And there she stood. Her pale, plump face was gentle and sensible, her gray eyes had a warm and kindly twinkle. I did not hesitate. My fingers gripped the small worn blue leather copy of the book that was to identify(识别)me to her.

    This would not be love, but it would be something precious, something perhaps even better than love, a friendship for which I had been and must ever be grateful. I squared my shoulders and saluted and held out the book to the woman, even though while I spoke I felt choked(哽咽)by the bitterness (痛苦)of my disappointment. "I'm Lieutenant (中尉)John Blanchard, and you must be Miss Maynell. I am so glad you could meet me; may I take you to dinner?"

    The woman's face broadened into a tolerant smile. "I don't know what this is about, son," she answered, "but the young lady in the green suit who just went by, she begged me to wear this rose on my coat. And she said if you were to ask me out to dinner, I should go and tell you that she is waiting for you in the big restaurant across the street. She said it was some kind of test!"

    It's not difficult to understand and admire Miss Maynell's wisdom. The true nature of a heart is seen in its response to the unattractive. "Tell me whom you love," Houssaye wrote, "And I will tell you who you are."

9.阅读理解

    John Blanchard stood up from the bench, straightened his Army uniform, and studied the crowd of people making their way through Grand Central Station. He looked for the girl whose heart he knew, but whose face he didn't, the girl with the rose.

    His interest in her had begun thirteen months before in a Florida library. Taking a book off the shelf he found himself intrigued, not with the words of the book, but with the notes penciled in the margin. The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and insightful mind. In the front of the book, he discovered the previous owner's name, Miss Hollis Maynell. With time and effort he located her address. She lived in New York City. He wrote her a letter introducing himself and inviting her to correspond. The next day he was shipped overseas for service in World War II.

    During the next year and one month the two grew to know each other through the mail. Each letter was a seed falling on a fertile heart. A romance was starting Blanchard requested a photograph, but she refused. She felt that if he really cared, it wouldn't matter what she looked like.

    When the day finally came for him to return from Europe, they scheduled their first meeting —7:00 PM at the Grand Central Station in New York. “You'll recognize me,” she wrote, “by the red rose I'll be wearing on my lapel.” So at 7:00 he was in the station looking for a girl whose heart he loved, but whose face he'd never seen.

    I'll let Mr. Blanchard tell you what happened: A young woman was coming toward me, her figure long and slim. Her blonde hair lay back in curls from her delicate ears; her eyes were blue as flowers. Her lips and chin had a gentle firmness, and in her pale green suit she was like springtime come alive. I stared at her, entirely forgetting to notice that she was not wearing a rose. As I moved, a small, attractive smile curved her lips. “Going my way sailor?” she murmured.

    Almost uncontrollably I made one step closer to her, and then I saw Hollis Maynell. She was standing almost directly behind the girl. A woman well past 40, she had graying hair tucked under a worn hat. She was more than plump, her thick-ankled feet thrust into low-heeled shoes. The girl in the green suit was walking quickly away. I felt as though I was split in two, so keen was my desire to follow her, and yet so deep was my longing for the woman whose spirit had truly companioned me and upheld my own.

    And there she stood. Her pale, plump face was gentle and sensible, her gray eyes had a warm and kindly twinkle. I did not hesitate. My fingers gripped the small worn blue leather copy of the book that was to identify(识别)me to her.

    This would not be love, but it would be something precious, something perhaps even better than love, a friendship for which I had been and must ever be grateful. I squared my shoulders and saluted and held out the book to the woman, even though while I spoke I felt choked(哽咽)by the bitterness (痛苦)of my disappointment. "I'm Lieutenant (中尉)John Blanchard, and you must be Miss Maynell. I am so glad you could meet me; may I take you to dinner?"

    The woman's face broadened into a tolerant smile. "I don't know what this is about, son," she answered, "but the young lady in the green suit who just went by, she begged me to wear this rose on my coat. And she said if you were to ask me out to dinner, I should go and tell you that she is waiting for you in the big restaurant across the street. She said it was some kind of test!"

    It's not difficult to understand and admire Miss Maynell's wisdom. The true nature of a heart is seen in its response to the unattractive. "Tell me whom you love," Houssaye wrote, "And I will tell you who you are."

3.实验题(共2题)

10.
实验室用18mol/L的浓硫酸配制100mL 0.9mol/L的稀硫酸,根据这种溶液的配制回答下列问题:
(1)量取该实验中的浓硫酸所用的量筒的规格是______(填序号)。
A.10mL B.20mL C.50mL D.100mL
(2)本实验用到的基本仪器有玻璃棒、量筒、烧杯,还需要的玻璃仪器有________。
(3)配制时,一般可分为以下几个步骤:①称量  ②计算  ③溶解④摇匀  ⑤转移  ⑥洗涤  ⑦定容  ⑧冷却。其正确的操作顺序为______(填序号)。
(4)下列情况对所配制的稀硫酸浓度有何影响?(用“偏高”、“偏低”、“无影响”填写)
A.容量瓶中原来有少量蒸馏水_______;
B.往容量瓶转移溶液时有少量的液体溅出_______;
C.定容时俯视刻度线_______;
D.定容后,加盖倒转摇匀后,发现液面低于刻度线,又滴加蒸馏水至刻度_______。
11.
下图是中学化学中常用于混合物的分离和提纯的装置,请根据装置回答问题:

(1)装置A中仪器①的名称是______,装置D中仪器②的名称是______。
(2)从氯化钾溶液中得到氯化钾固体,应选择装置_____(填代表装置图的字母,下同)。
(3)分离四氯化碳(沸点为76.75℃)和甲苯(沸点为110.6℃)(已知四氯化碳和甲苯互溶),应选择装置______。
(4)从碘水中分离出I2,选择装置______,该装置的主要仪器名称是______,若用CCl4作为萃取剂,充分振荡后静置,观察到的现象是:______________________。
(5)装置C和D中均用到了玻璃棒,它们的作用各是什么?________。
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(6道)

    选择题:(3道)

    实验题:(2道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:7

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:0

    9星难题:1