2014年安徽省涡阳四中高二下学期期末测试物理试卷

适用年级:高二
试卷号:218036

试卷类型:期末
试卷考试时间:2017/7/19

1.选择题(共6题)

1.白磷会对人体造成严重的烧伤,白磷(P4)分子结构为 。下列说法不正确的是(  )
2.白磷会对人体造成严重的烧伤,白磷(P4)分子结构为 。下列说法不正确的是(  )
3.已知25℃、101kPa下,如图所示,石墨的燃烧热为393.5kJ/mol,金刚石的燃烧热为395.0kJ/mol.下列说法或表达正确的是(    )

4.阅读理解

                                                                                        How Important Is Fashion?

    Is looking fashionable more important than being comfortable? Many people seem to think so, judging by the things they wear. But fashion is not everything. It is more important to be a healthy and good person.

    People go to great lengths to be fashionable. Some people think they have to have a certain body type, so they go on extreme, unhealthy diets in order to change their bodies. In addition, many women wear uncomfortable fashions, such as high-heeled shoes that create blisters(水泡), tight body shapers that limit blood flow, and sticky false eyelashes(假睫毛). Men and women alike spend time and money on produces that change their natural hair color and use hot irons and blow dryers to curl or straighten their hair. Some people spend several hours a day in front of a mirror. Is fashion important enough to spend so much time and effort on changing how you look like?

    If the purpose of fashion is to make a person feel good, it does not make sense that he or she would go through so much discomfort to be fashionable. Fashion should not come first. People should prioritize(优先考虑)being healthy and positive. What people wear does not indicate anything about their personalities. Instead of going on strict diets and starving, why not eat some healthy foods and then exercise? By doing these things, you can keep a healthy lifestyle and truly grow as a person.

5.下列关于热化学反应的描述中正确的是(  )
6.下列关于热化学反应的描述中正确的是(  )

2.单选题(共2题)

7.
如图甲所示,长直导线与闭合金属线框位于同一平面内,长直导线中的电流i随时间t的变化关系如图乙所示.在0-T/2时间内,直导线中电流向上,则在T/2-T时间内,线框中感应电流的方向与所受安培力情况是()
A.感应电流方向为顺时针,线框受安培力的合力方向向右
B.感应电流方向为逆时针,线框受安培力的合力方向向右
C.感应电流方向为顺时针,线框受安培力的合力方向向左
D.感应电流方向为逆时针,线框受安培力的合力方向向左
8.
下图是一个理想变压器,K为双向电键,P是滑动变阻器滑动触头,U1为加在原线圈两端电压,I1为原线圈上电流,则
A.保持U1及P的位置不变,K由a合向b时,I1将增大
B.保持P的位置及U1不变,K由a向b时,R消耗的功率减小
C.保持U1不变,K合在a处,使P上滑,I1将增大
D.保持P的位置不变,K合在a处,若U1增大,I1将减小

3.多选题(共1题)

9.
关于物体的动量,下列说法哪些是正确的( )
A.物体的动量越大,其惯性越大
B.同一物体的动量越大,其速度一定越大
C.物体的动量越大,其受到的作用力一定越大
D.动量的方向一定是沿物体运动的方向

4.填空题(共1题)

10.
如图所示,磁流体发电机的通道是一长为L的矩形管道,其中按图示方向通过速度为v等离子体,通道中左、右两侧壁是导电的,其高为h 相距为a ,且通道的上下壁是绝缘的,所加匀强磁场的大小为B,与通道的上下壁垂直.不计摩擦及粒子间的碰撞,则__________导电壁电势高(填“左”或“右”),两导电壁间的电压为___________.

5.解答题(共3题)

11.
如图甲所示,表面绝缘、倾角θ=30°的斜面固定在水平地面上,斜面所在空间有一宽度D=0.40m的匀强磁场区域,其边界与斜面底边平行,磁场方向垂直斜面向上.一个质量m=0.10kg、总电阻R=0.25W的单匝矩形金属框abcd,放在斜面的底端,其中ab边与斜面底边重合,ab边长L=0.50m.从t=0时刻开始,线框在垂直cd边沿斜面向上大小恒定的拉力作用下,从静止开始运动,当线框的ab边离开磁场区域时撤去拉力,线框继续向上运动,线框向上运动过程中速度与时间的关系如图乙所示.已知线框在整个运动过程中始终未脱离斜面,且保持ab边与斜面底边平行,线框与斜面之间的动摩擦因数,重力加速度g取10 m/s2.求:

(1)线框受到的拉力F的大小;
(2)匀强磁场的磁感应强度B的大小;
(3)线框在斜面上运动的过程中产生的焦耳热Q.
12.
火箭喷气发动机每次喷出m=200g的气体,喷出的气体相对地面的速度为v=1000m/s,设火箭初质量m=300kg,发动机每秒喷20次,在不考虑空气阻力及地球引力的情况下,火箭发动机1s末的速度多大?(小数点后保留一位)
13.
如图甲所示,在周期性变化的匀强磁场区域内有垂直于磁场的半径为、电阻为的金属圆形线框,当磁场按图乙所示规律变化时,线框中有感应电流产生.

(1)在图丙中画出感应电流随时间变化的图象以逆时针方向为正
(2)求出线框中感应电流的有效值.
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    选择题:(6道)

    单选题:(2道)

    多选题:(1道)

    填空题:(1道)

    解答题:(3道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:1

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:1

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:5

    9星难题:0