湖南省益阳市箴言中学2017年上学期高二期中考试文科物理试题

适用年级:高二
试卷号:217205

试卷类型:期中
试卷考试时间:2017/11/23

1.单选题(共12题)

1.
一个质点沿直线运动,其速度图象如图所示,则质点()
A.在0~10 s内做匀速直线运动
B.在0~10 s内做匀加速直线运动
C.在10~40 s内做匀加速直线运动
D.在10~40 s内保持静止
2.
一石块从楼顶自由落下,不计空气阻力,取g=10m/s2,石块在下落过程中,第1.0s末速度的大小为(  )
A.5.0m/s
B.10m/s
C.15m/s
D.20m/s
3.
人站在电梯中随电梯一起运动.下列过程中人处于超重状态的是(  )
A.电梯加速上升
B.电梯加速下降
C.电梯匀速上升
D.电梯匀速下降
4.
在力学范围内,国际单位制规定的三个基本量是
A.长度、力、时间B.速度、力、质量
C.加速度、速度、长度D.长度、质量、时间
5.
在不考虑空气阻力的情况下,下列物体中做平抛运动的是
A.竖直下落的篮球
B.水平击出的排球
C.斜向上踢出的足球
D.从桌面上弹起的乒乓球
6.
我国于2010年3月5日成功发射了“遥感卫星九号”,在绕地球运行的过程中,该卫星受到地球引力的大小
A.只与地球的质量有关B.只与卫星的质量有关
C.与地球和卫星的质量均有关D.与地球和卫星的质量均无关
7.
在电梯加速上升的过程中,站在电梯里的人
A.所受支持力做正功,机械能增加B.所受支持力做正功,机械能减少
C.所受支持力做负功,机械能增加D.所受支持力做负功,机械能减少
8.
如图所示,一个物块在与水平方向成α角的恒力F作用下,沿水平面向右运动一段距离x. 在此过程中,恒力F对物块所做的功为
A.B.
C.FxsinαD.Fxcosα
9.
“嫦娥一号”探月卫星的质量为m,当它的速度为v时,它的动能为
A.mvB.C.mv2D.
10.
真空中有两个静止的点电荷,若使它们之间的距离变为原来的2倍,并把它们的电荷量都变为原来的4倍,则两电荷间的库仑力将变为原来的( )
A.4倍B.6倍C.8倍D.16倍
11.
某电场的电场线如图所示,电场中的A、B两点的场强大小分别为EA和EB,由图可知

A. EA<EB    B. EA=EB    C. EA>EB    D. 无法比较EA和EB的大小
12.
有a、b、c、d四个小磁针,分别放置在通电螺线管的附近和内部.当小磁针静止时,小磁针指向如图所示,其中是正确的()
A.aB.bC.cD.d

2.选择题(共4题)

13.约分的结果是
14.

阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

                                                                                                           C

    Every year, hundreds of millions of Monarch Butterflies(黑脉金斑蝶) from Canada and the United States journey as far as 2, 500 miles to the forests of Michoacan, Mexico, a place which has the world's largest insect migration(迁移). It's such a breathtaking sight, but as always, human greed is threatening to destroy it.

    The Monarch Butterflies start to arrive in Michoacan in late October to make their winter home in the trees high up in the mountains of the natural reserve. Once there, they gather together in large masses. These masses often become so heavy that they cause tree branches to bend or even break. But there's a purpose of all these massing — it allows the butterflies to survive in the low nighttime temperatures at these high altitudes.

    The Michoacan Monarch Butterfly Sanctuary is most impressive during the months of February and March, just before the winged insects begin their long journey home.

    Mexico's Butterfly Forest is a shelter protected by law, and one of the country's most popular sights, but that hasn't stopped people from slowly but steadily destroying it.

    Illegal woodcutting in the heart of the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve has been a longstanding problem, but criminals are rarely brought to justice. They are often set free after paying some money.

    Just last month, an even greater threat rose in Michoacan's butterfly home.  The country's largest mining corporation gained the right to reopen an old mine in the heart of the monarch reserve. Experts believe that if the mine is reopened, it will likely spell the end of this magical place.

    And as if all this wasn't bad enough, the increasing use of herbicides(除草剂) in the American corn belt has led to the decrease of  a plant which is essential to the monarchs' development from egg into butterfly.

15.

阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

                                                                                                           C

    Every year, hundreds of millions of Monarch Butterflies(黑脉金斑蝶) from Canada and the United States journey as far as 2, 500 miles to the forests of Michoacan, Mexico, a place which has the world's largest insect migration(迁移). It's such a breathtaking sight, but as always, human greed is threatening to destroy it.

    The Monarch Butterflies start to arrive in Michoacan in late October to make their winter home in the trees high up in the mountains of the natural reserve. Once there, they gather together in large masses. These masses often become so heavy that they cause tree branches to bend or even break. But there's a purpose of all these massing — it allows the butterflies to survive in the low nighttime temperatures at these high altitudes.

    The Michoacan Monarch Butterfly Sanctuary is most impressive during the months of February and March, just before the winged insects begin their long journey home.

    Mexico's Butterfly Forest is a shelter protected by law, and one of the country's most popular sights, but that hasn't stopped people from slowly but steadily destroying it.

    Illegal woodcutting in the heart of the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve has been a longstanding problem, but criminals are rarely brought to justice. They are often set free after paying some money.

    Just last month, an even greater threat rose in Michoacan's butterfly home.  The country's largest mining corporation gained the right to reopen an old mine in the heart of the monarch reserve. Experts believe that if the mine is reopened, it will likely spell the end of this magical place.

    And as if all this wasn't bad enough, the increasing use of herbicides(除草剂) in the American corn belt has led to the decrease of  a plant which is essential to the monarchs' development from egg into butterfly.

16.以NaCl等为原料制备KClO4的过程如下:

①在无隔膜、微酸性条件下,发生反应:NaCl+H2O—NaClO3+H2↑(未配平)

②在NaClO3溶液中加入KCl发生复分解反应,降温结晶,得KClO3

③一定条件下反应:4KClO3=3KClO4+KCl,将产物分离得到KClO4

3.填空题(共2题)

17.
如图小明用80牛的力向东拉车,小云用120牛的力也向东推车,则车受到的合力是_______牛,方向________。
18.
某个25kg的小孩坐在秋千板上,秋千板离拴绳子的横梁2.5m.如果秋千板摆动经过最低位置时的速度是3m/s,这时秋千板所受的压力为____N、方向为____(g取10m/s2,秋千板的质量不计.)

4.解答题(共3题)

19.
如图所示,用F =" 10" N的水平拉力,使质量m =" 5.0" kg的物体由静止开始沿光滑水平面做匀加速直线运动. 求:

(1)物体加速度的大小a;
(2)物体开始运动后t="3.0" s内通过的距离s.
20.
如图,一质量为m=10kg的物体,由1/4光滑圆弧轨道上端从静止开始下滑,到达底后沿水平面向右滑动1m距离后停止。已知轨道半径R=0.8m,g=10m/s2,求:

(1)物体物体滑至圆弧底端时的速度大小
(2)物体物体滑至圆弧底端时对轨道的压力大小
21.
如图所示,一质量为m=1.0×102kg,带电量为q=1.0×106C的小球,用绝缘细线悬挂在水平向右的匀强电场中,假设电场足够大,静止时悬线向左与竖直方向成60°角.小球在运动过程电量保持不变,重力加速度g=10m/s2.结果保留2位有效数字.

(1)画出小球受力图并判断小球带何种电荷;
(2)求电场强度E。

5.实验题(共1题)

22.
在“研究小车做匀变速直线运动规律”的实验中,打点计时器在纸带上依次打出A、B、C、D、E五个点,如图所示. 由此可判断小车做__________(选填“加速”或“减速”)运动;打B点时小车的速度________(选填“小于”或“大于”)打D点时小车的速度.
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(12道)

    选择题:(4道)

    填空题:(2道)

    解答题:(3道)

    实验题:(1道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:1

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:1

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:8

    9星难题:8