2012-2013学年江苏省郑梁梅中学高一下学期期末考试物理试卷(带解析)

适用年级:高一
试卷号:211601

试卷类型:期末
试卷考试时间:2017/7/19

1.单选题(共4题)

1.
一质点做匀加速直线运动,运动一段时间后,加速度的大小开始减小,但方向不变,则该质点的
A.速度减小,位移减小
B.速度减小,位移增大
C.速度增大,位移增大
D.速度增大,位移减小
2.
同一平面内几组共点力中,它们的合力一定不为零的是
A.5N、9N、12NB.10N、14N、20N
C.9N、12N、20ND.5N、 12N、20N
3.
如图所示,一轻弹簧的左端固定,右端与一小球相连,小球处于光滑水平面上,现对小球施加一个方向水平向右的恒力F,使小球从静止开始运动。则小球在向右运动的整个过程中:①小球和弹簧组成的系统机械能守恒
②小球和弹簧组成的系统机械能逐渐增大
③小球的动能逐渐增大
④小球的动能先增大后减小
A.①③B.①④C.②③D.②④
4.
如图所示在绝缘的水平面上等间距固定着三根相互平行的通电直导线a、b和c ,各导线中的电流大小相同。其中a、c导线中的电流方向垂直纸面向外,b导线电流方向垂直纸面向内。每根导线受到另外两根导线对它的安培力作用,则关于每根导线所受安培力的合力,以下说法中正确的是()
A.导线a所受合力方向水平向右
B.导线c所受合力方向水平向右
C.导线c所受合力方向水平向左
D.导线b所受合力方向水平向左

2.选择题(共11题)

5.What are Tom and Jim doing now?    
6.What are Tom and Jim doing now?    
7.

根据57×45=2565直接写出下面各题得数.

570×45={#blank#}1{#/blank#}

5700×45={#blank#}2{#/blank#}

570×450={#blank#}3{#/blank#}

57×450={#blank#}4{#/blank#}

8.阅读下面短文, 然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式(每空一次)。

    When I was in the {#blank#}1{#/blank#} (九) grade, luckily, I was chosen to be the princess in the school play. For weeks my mother had helped me practice my lines. But {#blank#}2{#/blank#} (一旦) on the stage, every word disappeared from my head. Then my teacher asked me to change my role to be a narrator (解说者) for the play.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} (尽管) I didn't tell my mother what had happened that day, she noticed my unhappiness. She asked if I wanted to take a walk in the garden.

    It was a lovely spring day. We could see several dandelions (蒲公英) {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (在…中间) the grass. I watched my mother bend down by one of the dandelions. "I think I'll dig up all these weeds (野草)," she said. "From now on, we'll only have roses in this garden."

    "But I like dandelions," I disagreed. "All flowers are beautiful-even dandelions!"

    My mother looked {#blank#}5{#/blank#} (严肃地) at me. "Yes, every flower gives pleasure in its {#blank#}6{#/blank#} (自己的) way, doesn't it?" she asked thoughtfully. I nodded. "And that is true of people, too," she added.

    When I {#blank#}7{#/blank#}(意识到) that she had guessed my pain, I started to cry and told her the {#blank#}8{#/blank#} (真相). "But you will be a wonderful narrator," she said, reminding me of how much I loved to read stories aloud.

    Thanks to my mother's encouragement, I got to know everybody had his or her {#blank#}9{#/blank#} (价值) in the world. I felt {#blank#}10{#/blank#} (骄傲的) of the role in the play.

9.阅读下面短文, 然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式(每空一次)。

    When I was in the {#blank#}1{#/blank#} (九) grade, luckily, I was chosen to be the princess in the school play. For weeks my mother had helped me practice my lines. But {#blank#}2{#/blank#} (一旦) on the stage, every word disappeared from my head. Then my teacher asked me to change my role to be a narrator (解说者) for the play.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} (尽管) I didn't tell my mother what had happened that day, she noticed my unhappiness. She asked if I wanted to take a walk in the garden.

    It was a lovely spring day. We could see several dandelions (蒲公英) {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (在…中间) the grass. I watched my mother bend down by one of the dandelions. "I think I'll dig up all these weeds (野草)," she said. "From now on, we'll only have roses in this garden."

    "But I like dandelions," I disagreed. "All flowers are beautiful-even dandelions!"

    My mother looked {#blank#}5{#/blank#} (严肃地) at me. "Yes, every flower gives pleasure in its {#blank#}6{#/blank#} (自己的) way, doesn't it?" she asked thoughtfully. I nodded. "And that is true of people, too," she added.

    When I {#blank#}7{#/blank#}(意识到) that she had guessed my pain, I started to cry and told her the {#blank#}8{#/blank#} (真相). "But you will be a wonderful narrator," she said, reminding me of how much I loved to read stories aloud.

    Thanks to my mother's encouragement, I got to know everybody had his or her {#blank#}9{#/blank#} (价值) in the world. I felt {#blank#}10{#/blank#} (骄傲的) of the role in the play.

10.如图,点P是∠AOB外的一点,点M,N分别是∠AOB两边上的点,点P关于OA的对称点Q恰好落在线段MN上,点P关于OB的对称点R落在MN的延长线上.若PM=3cm,PN=4cm,MN=4.5cm,则线段QR的长为{#blank#}1{#/blank#}.

11.如图,点P是∠AOB外的一点,点M,N分别是∠AOB两边上的点,点P关于OA的对称点Q恰好落在线段MN上,点P关于OB的对称点R落在MN的延长线上.若PM=3cm,PN=4cm,MN=4.5cm,则线段QR的长为{#blank#}1{#/blank#}.

12.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式(每空不多于3个单词)。

    Long ago there lived a kind old man. One day while walking through the woods, the old man found a butterfly's cocoon(茧). He took {#blank#}1{#/blank#} home. A few days later, a small opening appeared. He sat and watched the butterfly {#blank#}2{#/blank#} several hours as it struggled(挣扎) to force its body through that little hole.

    Then the nice man decided {#blank#}3{#/blank#} (help) the butterfly, so he cut the remaining bit of the cocoon. The butterfly then came out {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (easy). But it had a fat body and small, shriveled(皱缩的) wings. The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that, at any moment, the wings would enlarge and expand to be able to support the body {#blank#}5{#/blank#} would grow small in time. However, neither happened. In fact, the butterfly spent the rest of its life {#blank#}6{#/blank#} (lie) with a fat body and shriveled wings. It was never able to fly.

    What the man did not understand was that the struggle was a must for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening. That's the {#blank#}7{#/blank#} (nature) way of forcing fluid(营养液) from the body of the butterfly into its wings.

    In this way, it would be ready for flight when it achieved its freedom from the cocoon. Sometimes struggles are exactly {#blank#}8{#/blank#} we need in our life. If we {#blank#}9{#/blank#} (allow) to go through our life without any {#blank#}10{#/blank#} (difficult), it will weaken us. We won't be strong as what we could have been. And we can never fly.

13.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式(每空不多于3个单词)。

    Long ago there lived a kind old man. One day while walking through the woods, the old man found a butterfly's cocoon(茧). He took {#blank#}1{#/blank#} home. A few days later, a small opening appeared. He sat and watched the butterfly {#blank#}2{#/blank#} several hours as it struggled(挣扎) to force its body through that little hole.

    Then the nice man decided {#blank#}3{#/blank#} (help) the butterfly, so he cut the remaining bit of the cocoon. The butterfly then came out {#blank#}4{#/blank#} (easy). But it had a fat body and small, shriveled(皱缩的) wings. The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that, at any moment, the wings would enlarge and expand to be able to support the body {#blank#}5{#/blank#} would grow small in time. However, neither happened. In fact, the butterfly spent the rest of its life {#blank#}6{#/blank#} (lie) with a fat body and shriveled wings. It was never able to fly.

    What the man did not understand was that the struggle was a must for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening. That's the {#blank#}7{#/blank#} (nature) way of forcing fluid(营养液) from the body of the butterfly into its wings.

    In this way, it would be ready for flight when it achieved its freedom from the cocoon. Sometimes struggles are exactly {#blank#}8{#/blank#} we need in our life. If we {#blank#}9{#/blank#} (allow) to go through our life without any {#blank#}10{#/blank#} (difficult), it will weaken us. We won't be strong as what we could have been. And we can never fly.

14.阅读短文,从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出正确的选项。C
    Prana was my close friend, whose name means "bright boy in life." Although he died several years ago, I can still remember the days we spent together and what he taught me about love.
    I have two apple trees in the garden. Prana loved apples. When he went outside, he'd catch an apple and take it into the house to eat later. The apples had been on the ground and were often dirty so I wasn't always happy that Prana had brought them into the house.
    It was an autumn day in Britain, but it was very cold. A big snow fell and we had not done anything for its coming. On that special day, Prana went outside and I watched him through the window. I noticed that he was madly digging holes and bringing the apples to the ground so they could be seen above the snow. I did not know why he was doing this. It seemed that he wanted to do something special.
    When I called him back, he had his usual one apple in his mouth. About five minutes later, I looked outside. The garden was covered with birds. Prana had dug up all those apples for his birds' friends to eat. He knew that they wouldn't have stored enough food for the coming winter! It is just a dog who did such a great thing.
15.阅读短文,从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出正确的选项。D
    Few others know more personal information about people than the smart phones in their pockets: phone numbers, location(位置), even the owner's real name and a unique(唯一的) ID number that can never be changed or turned off.
    These phones don't keep secrets. They are sharing this personal information widely and secretly, a Wall Street Journal survey has found. An examination of 101 popular smart phones "apps" games and other software(软件) showed that 56 sent the phone's unique ID to other companies without users' awareness or agreement. Five sent age, nationalities and other personal information to outsiders.
    The findings discover the effort by those app companies to collect personal information in order to get sponsorship (赞助) for which are largely traded. The Pandora, a music app, sends age, location and other information to different ad companies. A game called Paper Toss, in which players try to throw paper into a trash can, also sends the phone's ID number to at least five ad companies. Omegle, an iphone app for meeting strangers around for the purpose to make friends, does the same thing. For these companies, personal information weighs much more than apps themselves.
    "In the world of mobile, there is no secret" says Michael Becker of the Mobile Marketing Association. A mobile phone is "always with us. It's always on". Mobile phone company says it reviews each app before offering it to users. Both Apple and Google say they protect users by requiring apps to ask users for agreement before providing kinds of information, such as location. "We have created strong protections for our customers, especially location-based information." says one mobile phone company. "Trust is badly important."

3.多选题(共5题)

16.
若一个物体的运动是由两个独立的分运动合成的,则( )
可以是曲线运动
A.若其中一个分运动是变速运动,另一个分运动是匀速直线运动,则物体的合运动一定是变速运动
B.若两个分运动都是匀速直线运动,则物体的合运动一定是匀速直线运动(两分运动速度大小不等)
C.若其中一个分运动是匀变速直线运动,另一个分运动是匀速直线运动,则物体的运动一定是曲线运动
D.若其中一个分运动是匀加速直线运动,另一个分运动是匀减速直线运动,则合运动
17.
A、B两球质量相等,A球竖直上抛,B球平抛,两球在运动中空气阻力不计,则下列说法中正确的是(  )
A.相同时间内,动量的变化大小相等,方向相同B.相同时间内,动量的变化大小相等,方向不同
C.动量的变化率大小相等,方向相同D.动量的变化率大小相等,方向不同
18.
关于碰撞的特点,下列说法正确的是()
A.碰撞的过程时间极短
B.碰撞时,质量大的物体对质量小的物体作用力大
C.碰撞时,质量大的物体对质量小的物体作用力和质量小的物体对质量大的物体的作用力相等
D.质量小的物体对质量大的物体作用力大
19.
关于振动方向和波的传播方向,下列说法中正确的是( )
A.在横波中二者方向有时相同
B.在横波中二者方向一定不同
C.在纵波中二者方向有时相同
D.在纵波中二者方向一定相同
20.
把两个完全相同的金属球A和B接触一下,再分开一段距离,发现两球之间相互排斥,则A、B两球原来的带电情况可能是 [ ]
A.带有等量异种电荷
B.带有等量同种电荷
C.带有不等量异种电荷
D.一个带电,另一个不带电

4.实验题(共1题)

21.
物体在空中下落的过程中,重力做正功,物体的动能越来越大,为了“探究重力做功和物体动能变化间的定量关系”,我们提供了如图的实验装置.

(1)某同学根据所学的知识结合该图设计一个本实验情景的命题:
如图所示,设质量为m(已测定)的小球在重力mg作用下从开始端自由下落,测出小球下落至光电门时发生的__________和通过光电门时的__________,试探究外力做的功___________与小球动能变化量_________的定量关系.(请在前两处空格处填写物理量的名称和对应符号;在后两处空格处填写数学表达式.)
(2)某同学根据上述命题进行如下操作并测出如下数字.(在计算过程中g取10 m/s2,所有计算结果均保留三位有效数字)
①用天平测定小球的质量为0.50 kg;
②用游标尺测出小球的直径为10.0 mm;
③用刻度尺测出电磁铁下端到光电门的距离为80.80 cm;
④电磁铁先通电,让小球________;
⑤________,小球自由下落;
⑥在小球经过光电门时间内,计时装置记下小球经过光电门所用时间为2.50×10-3s,由此可算得小球经过光电门时的速度为________m/s;
⑦计算得出重力做的功为________ J,小球动能变化量为________J。
(3)试根据在(2)条件下做好本实验的结论:________________________________.
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(4道)

    选择题:(11道)

    多选题:(5道)

    实验题:(1道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:10

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:0

    9星难题:0