2013-2014学年高二物理每课一练:阻尼振动 受迫振动1(带解析)

适用年级:高二
试卷号:195772

试卷类型:课时练习
试卷考试时间:2017/8/22

1.单选题(共4题)

1.
如图所示是物体做受迫振动的共振曲线,其纵坐标表示物体(  ).
A.在不同时刻的振幅
B.在不同时刻的位移
C.在不同驱动力下的振幅
D.在不同驱动力下的位移
2.
如图所示,五个摆悬挂于同一根绷紧的水平绳上,先让A摆动起来(摆角不超过5°)下列结论正确的是(  ).
A.E摆发生振动,其余摆均不动
B.所有的摆以相同的频率振动
C.所有的摆以相同的摆角振动
D.以上说法均不正确
3.
单摆在空气中做阻尼振动,下列说法中正确的是(  ).
A.位移逐渐减小
B.速度逐渐减小
C.动能逐渐减小
D.振动的能量逐渐转化为其他形式的能
4.
在飞机的发展史中有一个阶段,飞机上天后不久,飞机的机翼(翅膀)很快就抖动起来,而且越抖越厉害.后来经过人们的探索,利用在飞机机翼前缘处装置一个配重杆的方法,解决了这一问题.在飞机机翼前装置配重杆的目的主要是(  )
A.加大飞机的惯性B.使机体更加平衡
C.使机翼更加牢固D.改变机翼的固有频率

2.选择题(共9题)

5.阅读理解

    Jia Zuosheng, 27, used to work as a security guard (保安) at the library of Tsinghua University. But a few months ago, he became a college student in Lishan College in Shandong and he studies math there now. When hearing this news, many people were surprised. On school opening day, many reporters waited outside the school gate to interview him.

    “I was born in a poor village in Shandong Province," said Jia. "Our village has never had a college student. Most boys work in town after growing up. I failed the National College Entrance Exam(高考)twice. Then I went to Beijing to find jobs. In the following years, I went on studying by myself while working.”

    At the end of 2009, Jia found a job as a security guard at the library of Tsinghua University.“I cherished (珍惜) the job very much because it gave me a good chance to read books," Jia said.“I usually worked at night so I had plenty of time to study in the daytime.” When he had problems that he couldn't work out, Jia asked the students at Tsinghua for help. "My dream is to be a college teacher. So I need further education. That's the reason why I took the National College Entrance Exam again," Jia said. “I wish to educate students with my knowledge and love and help them enjoy true, kind and beautiful things.”

    Jia's mother said Jia has always been independent(独立的)and knows what he wants. But she has other worries. "It's difficult to find such a good job at present as a library guard in Tsinghua University. I'm not sure if this is a right decision.” “I will never regret(后悔),”said Jia. "Everyone will have a new start. It's the end, and the beginning.”

6.阅读理解

    Jia Zuosheng, 27, used to work as a security guard (保安) at the library of Tsinghua University. But a few months ago, he became a college student in Lishan College in Shandong and he studies math there now. When hearing this news, many people were surprised. On school opening day, many reporters waited outside the school gate to interview him.

    “I was born in a poor village in Shandong Province," said Jia. "Our village has never had a college student. Most boys work in town after growing up. I failed the National College Entrance Exam(高考)twice. Then I went to Beijing to find jobs. In the following years, I went on studying by myself while working.”

    At the end of 2009, Jia found a job as a security guard at the library of Tsinghua University.“I cherished (珍惜) the job very much because it gave me a good chance to read books," Jia said.“I usually worked at night so I had plenty of time to study in the daytime.” When he had problems that he couldn't work out, Jia asked the students at Tsinghua for help. "My dream is to be a college teacher. So I need further education. That's the reason why I took the National College Entrance Exam again," Jia said. “I wish to educate students with my knowledge and love and help them enjoy true, kind and beautiful things.”

    Jia's mother said Jia has always been independent(独立的)and knows what he wants. But she has other worries. "It's difficult to find such a good job at present as a library guard in Tsinghua University. I'm not sure if this is a right decision.” “I will never regret(后悔),”said Jia. "Everyone will have a new start. It's the end, and the beginning.”

7.阅读理解

    Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.

    This is an old English saying. Have you heard of it before? It means that we must go to bed early and get up early in the morning. Then we shall be healthy. We shall also be rich (wealthy) and clever (wise).

    This is true. The body must have enough sleep to be healthy. Children of young age should have ten hours' sleep every night. Children who do not have enough sleep cannot do their work very well. They will not be wise and they may not become wealthy!

    The body also needs exercise. Walking, running, jumping, swimming and playing games are all exercise. Exercise keeps the body strong. Exercise also helps the blood (血液) to move around inside the body. This is very important. Our blood takes food to all parts of our body. The head also needs blood .Exercise helps us to think better!

8.—Could you help me with the math problem?

—________. I'm too busy now.

9.—Could you help me with the math problem?

—________. I'm too busy now.

10.A)根据句意及所给汉语提示,写出句中所缺单词。
11.

下列各句中划线的成语使用有误的一项是(    )

12.

下列各句中划线的成语使用有误的一项是(    )

13.假如你的好朋友Lisa最近几天因为经常使用电脑、玩手机感到头痛、眼睛不适,请你作为她的一个好朋友写一封信给她,帮忙分析一下她的情况并提出一些建议。

提示:1、去医院看医生;2、注意休息;3、增加适当的锻炼。

词数:不少于70词,要求语言通顺,不得出现真是人名、班级等信息

3.多选题(共5题)

14.
某振动系统的固有频率为f0,在周期性驱动力的作用下做受迫振动,驱动力的频率为f.若驱动力的振幅保持不变,下列说法正确的是
A.当时,该振动系统的振幅随增大而减小
B.当时,该振动系统的振幅随减小而减小
C.该振动系统的振动稳定后,振动的频率等于
D.该振动系统的振动稳定后,振动的频率等于
15.
一单摆在空气中振动,振幅逐渐减小,下列说法中正确的是( ).
A.振动能量逐渐转化为其他形式的能
B.后一时刻的动能一定小于前一时刻的动能
C.后一时刻的势能一定小于前一时刻的势能
D.后一时刻的机械能一定小于前一时刻的机械能
16.
如图所示为一个自制的振动系统。在泡沫上插上两根弹性很好的细竹片,并用塑料夹夹在竹片上端做成两个“单摆”ABAB除塑料夹高度不同外,其他条件完全相同。当底座沿某一方向做周期性振动时,AB也跟着振动起来。下述说法正确的是(  )
A.摆A的固有频率比B的大
B.当摆座做周期性振动时,A摆的振动频率比B的大
C.当底座振动频率由零开始从小到大变化(保持振幅不变)时,B开始振幅大,随着频率变大,摆A的振幅比B的大
D.当底座振动频率由零开始从小到大变化(保持振幅不变)时,A开始振幅大,随着频率变大,摆B的振幅比A的大
17.
下列说法正确的是(  )
A.只有受迫振动才能发生共振现象
B.一切振动都能发生共振现象
C.只要振动受到阻力,它一定做阻尼振动
D.若振动受到阻力,它也可能做无阻尼振动
18.
如下图为同一单摆在两次受迫振动中的共振曲线,下列说法中错误的是
A.若两次受迫振动分别在月球上和地球上进行,且摆长相同,则图线Ⅰ表示月球上单摆的共振曲线
B.若两次受迫振动是在地球上同一地点进行,则两次单摆的摆长之比l1:l2=25:4
C.图线Ⅱ若是在地球上完成的,则该摆摆长约为1 m
D.若摆长均为1 m,则图线Ⅰ是在地球上完成的

4.填空题(共1题)

19.
下列现象中,利用共振现象的是______,防止共振产生危害现象的是______
(  ).
A.秋千越荡越高
B.火车过桥时要慢开
C.喇叭常放在音箱内
D.建厂房时要考虑厂房的固有频率与机器的固有频率的差别

5.解答题(共1题)

20.
如图所示,铁道上每根钢轨长12.5 m,若支持车厢的弹簧和车厢组成的系统周期为0.6 s,求车厢振动的最厉害时列车的行驶速度.
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(4道)

    选择题:(9道)

    多选题:(5道)

    填空题:(1道)

    解答题:(1道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:4

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:7

    9星难题:0