2014届山东省德州高三上学期期末考试物理试卷(带解析)

适用年级:高三
试卷号:182775

试卷类型:期末
试卷考试时间:2017/7/19

1.选择题(共8题)

1.先通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后在每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
    Some young people are worrying about acnes(青春痘) on their faces, and some are worrying about their figures(身材). Do you know 1 on earth(到底,究竟) the secret of beauty is? Think of smile and health, and then you may find the 2 .
    Maybe you are not 3 with your big nose, your small 4 or your weight(体重). Don't waste energy and feelings on the way you look . In fact, when you become an 5 and look at pictures of your past time, you'll find how cute you are.
    6 is the best way to make you beautiful. When people are happy, they look nice. When people smile or laugh from the7 of their hearts(心脏), they look very beautiful.
    Don't worry about your weight too much. Don't 8 food for it. No one lives 9 health. So you need to eat healthy food and do enough exercise.
    When you accept(接受) what you have 10 and enjoy them, you will really become pretty “inside and out”.
2.先通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后在每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
    Some young people are worrying about acnes(青春痘) on their faces, and some are worrying about their figures(身材). Do you know 1 on earth(到底,究竟) the secret of beauty is? Think of smile and health, and then you may find the 2 .
    Maybe you are not 3 with your big nose, your small 4 or your weight(体重). Don't waste energy and feelings on the way you look . In fact, when you become an 5 and look at pictures of your past time, you'll find how cute you are.
    6 is the best way to make you beautiful. When people are happy, they look nice. When people smile or laugh from the7 of their hearts(心脏), they look very beautiful.
    Don't worry about your weight too much. Don't 8 food for it. No one lives 9 health. So you need to eat healthy food and do enough exercise.
    When you accept(接受) what you have 10 and enjoy them, you will really become pretty “inside and out”.
3.

Could you please _______ so loudly? I can't follow the teacher.

4.

It's _____ book that I keep ____ it in my free time.

5.

—Mum, I was the first to reach the top of the mountain.

—Good job, Charlie. I`m ________ of you.

6.

根据句意及所给中文提示写出句中所缺单词。

7.

根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    The size and shape of your ears show your character more than any other part of the face. Other parts of the face change shapes as we get older, but ears do not change their shape. They only change in size.

    Reading people's character from their ears is a very old science. In the past people thought that a person's ears with colour was dangerous. They also thought that the shape of the ears showed if a person was musical or not. Today, too many people believe that the size and shape of the ears help you know if a person is musical.

    Ears are all different, and each different thing has a meaning. Next time you look at a person, see if his or her ears are large, medium-size, or small. Look at the lobes(耳垂). Do they stick to the face? Ears that are always red mean that a person may get angry easily. Ears that are always cold and nearly white colour mean that a person has a nervous(紧张的) character.

8.

My life ______ a lot in the last few years.

2.单选题(共1题)

9.
两块水平放置的金属板,板间距离为d,用导线将两块金属板与一线圈连接,线圈中存在方向竖直向上、大小变化的磁场,如图所示。两板间有一带正电的油滴恰好静止,则磁场的磁感应强度B随时间变化的图象是(  )
A.B.
C.D.

3.多选题(共6题)

10.
在两个等量点电荷形成的电场中,一带负电的粒子仅在电场力作用下从x1处沿x轴负方向运动。粒子质量为m,初速度大小为v0,其电势能Ep随坐标x变化的关系如图所示,图线关于纵轴左右对称,以无穷远处为零电势能点,粒子在原点O处电势能为E0,在x1处电势能为E1则下列说法中正确的是
A.坐标原点O处电场强度为零
B.粒子经过x1、-x1处速度相同
C.由x1运动到O过程加速度一直减小
D.若粒子能够一直沿x轴负方向运动,一定有
11.
如图所示,速度不同的同种带电粒子(重力不计)a、b沿半径AO方向进入一圆形匀强磁场区域,a,b两粒子的运动轨迹分别为AB和AC,则下列说法中正确的是
A.a、b两粒子均带正电
B.a粒子的速度比b粒子的速度大
C.a粒子在磁场中的运动时间比b粒子长
D.两粒子离开磁场时的速度反向延长线一定都过圆心O
12.
如图所示,MN右侧有一正三角形匀强磁场区域(边缘磁场忽略不计),上边界与MN垂直。现有一与磁场边界完全相同的三角形导体框,从MN左侧垂直于MN匀速向右运动.导体框穿过磁场过程中所受安培力F的大小随时间变化的图象以及感应电流i随时间变化的图象正确的是(取逆时针电流为正)(    )
A.B.C.D.
13.
如右图所示,一平行板电容器,右极板接电源正极,板长为2d,板间距离为d。一带电量为q、质量为m的负离子(重力不计)以速度v0贴近左极板沿极板方向射入,恰从右极板下边缘射出。在右极板右侧空间存在垂直纸面方向的匀强磁场(未标出)。要使该负离子在磁场中运动后,又恰能直接从右极板上边缘进入电场,则
A.磁场方向垂直纸面向里
B.磁场方向垂直纸面向外
C.磁感应强度大小为
D.在磁场中运动时间为
14.
某兴趣小组用实验室的手摇发电机和理想变压器给一个灯泡供电,电路如图所示。当线圈以较大的转速n匀速转动时,电压表示数是U1,额定电压为U2的灯泡正常发光,灯泡正常发光时电功率为P,手摇发电机的线圈电阻是r,则有
A.电流表的示数是
B.变压器的原副线圈的匝数比是U2∶U1
C.从如图所示位置开始计时,变压器输入电压的瞬时值表达式u=
D.手摇发电机的线圈中产生的电动势最大值是
15.
如图是一个理想变压器的示意图,S为单刀双掷开关,P是滑动变阻器R的滑动触头,R0是定值电阻,保持交变电压U1不变。下列说法正确的是
A.若P的位置不变,S由b合到a处,则电流表示数减小
B.若P的位置不变,S由a合到b处,则电压表示数减小
C.若S置于a处,将P向下滑动,则滑动变阻器R消耗的电功率一定增大
D.若S置于b处,将P向上滑动,则电压表示数增大

4.解答题(共3题)

16.
在竖直平面内建立一平面直角坐标系xoy,x轴沿水平方向,如图甲所示.第一象限内有竖直向上的匀强电场,第二象限内有一水平向右的匀强电场.某种发射装置(未画出)竖直向上发射出一个质量为m、电荷量为q的带正电粒子(可视为质点),该粒子以v0的初速度从x轴上的A点进入第二象限,并从y轴上的C点沿水平方向进入第一象限后能够沿水平方向运动到D点.已知OA、OC距离相等,CD的距离为OC,E点在D点正下方,位于x轴上,重力加速度为g.则:

(1)求粒子在C点的速度大小以及OC之间的距离;
(2)若第一象限同时存在按如图乙所示规律变化的磁场,磁场方向垂直纸面,(以垂直纸面向外的磁场方向为正方向,图中B0,T0均为未知量),并且在t=时刻粒子由C点进入第一象限,且恰好也能通过同一水平线上的D点,速度方向仍然水平.若粒子在第一象限中运动的周期与磁场变化周期相同,求交变磁场变化的周期;
(3)若第一象限仍同时存在按如图乙所示规律变化的磁场(以垂直纸面向外的磁场方向为正方向,图中B0,T0均为未知量),调整图乙中磁场变化的周期,让粒子在t=0时刻由C点进入第一象限,且恰能通过E点,求交变磁场的磁感应强度B0应满足的条件.
17.
如图甲所示,电阻不计的“”形光滑导体框架水平放置,导体框处在竖直向上的匀强磁场中,磁感应强度B=1T,有一导体棒AC横放在框架上且与导体框架接触良好,其质量m=0.2kg,电阻R=0.8Ω,现用绝缘轻绳拴住导体棒,轻绳的右端通过光滑的定滑轮绕在电动机的转轴上,左端通过另一光滑的定滑轮与物体D相连,物体D的质量M=0.2kg,电动机内阻r=1Ω。接通电路后电压表的读数恒为U=10V,电流表读数恒为I=1A,电动机牵引原来静止的导体棒AC平行于EF向右运动,其运动位移x随时间t变化的图象如图乙所示,其中OM段为曲线,MN段为直线。(取g=10m/s2)求:

(1)电动机的输出功率;
(2)导体框架的宽度;
(3)导体棒在变速运动阶段产生的热量。
18.
(12分)如右图所示,PQ是两块平行金属板,上极板接电源正极,两极板之间的电压为U=1.2×104V,一带负电的粒子通过P极板的小孔以速度v0=2.0×104m/s垂直金属板飞入,通过Q极板上的小孔后,垂直AC边经中点O进入边界为等腰直角三角形的匀强磁场中,磁感应强度为B=1.0T,边界AC的长度为L=1.6m,粒子比荷=5×104C/kg,不计粒子的重力。求:

(1)粒子进入磁场时的速度大小;
(2)粒子经过磁场边界上的位置到B点的距离以及在磁场中的运动时间。
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    选择题:(8道)

    单选题:(1道)

    多选题:(6道)

    解答题:(3道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:2

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:8

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:0

    9星难题:0