2011-2012学年黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高一下学期期中考试物理试卷(带解析)

适用年级:高一
试卷号:177197

试卷类型:期中
试卷考试时间:2017/7/19

1.单选题(共5题)

1.
如图所示,长度为0.5 m的轻质细杆OP,P端有一个质量为3.0 kg的小球,小球以O点为圆心在竖直平面内作匀速率圆周运动,其运动速率为2 m/s,则小球通过最高点时杆子OP受到(g取10 m/s2)  ( )
A.6.0 N的拉力B.6.0 N的压力C.24 N的拉力D.24 N的压力
2.
某个力F=10N作用于半径R=1m的转盘边缘上.力F的大小保待不变.但方向在任何时刻均与作用点的切线一致.则转动一周这个力F所做的总功为()
A.0B.20JC.10JD.20J
3.
如图所示,固定斜面倾角为θ,整个斜面分为AB、BC两段,且2AB=BC.小物块P(可视为质点)与AB、BC两段斜面之间的动摩擦因数分别为μ1、μ2.已知P由静止开始从A点释放,恰好能滑动到C点而停下,那么θ、μ1、μ2间应满足的关系是( )

A. tanθ=    B. tanθ=
C. tanθ=2μ1-μ2    D. tanθ=2μ2-μ1
4.
质量为m的汽车,其发动机额定功率为P.当它开上一个倾角为θ的斜坡时,受到的阻力为车重力的k倍,则车的最大速度为()
5.
如图所示.两个物体与水平地面的动摩擦因数相等,它们的质量也相等 在左图用力F1拉物体.在右图用力F2推物体.F1与F2跟水平面的夹角均为α。两个物体都做匀速直线运动,通过相同的位移。设F1和F2对物体所做的功为W1和W2.物体克服摩擦力做的功为W1/和W2/。下面表示中正确的是(  )

A.W1=W2、 W1=W2B.W1<W2 W1<W2
C.W1>W2 W1<W2D.W1<W2、 W1>W2

2.选择题(共3题)

6.

-- Would you like to play football after school?  

-- ________. I have a lot of homework to do.

7.

根据短文理解选择正确答案。

If music makes you smarter and exercise helps you to think, surely exercising to music can turn you into a clever person.

A team of scientists from Ohio State University did experiments on 33 volunteers who were getting better from heart disease after operations. They found those volunteers who exercised while listening to Italian musician Antonio Vivaldi's The Four Seasons did much better on language ability tests than without music. It is also used in medical fields for patients who have had head hurts because of its moderate tempo (舒缓的节拍).

“Exercise seems to cause positive changes in the nerve (神经) system and these changes may improve the learning ability of people with heart disease,” said the psychologist Charles Emery, who led the study. “And listening to music is thought to enhance understanding. We just wanted to put the two results together,” he added.

The volunteers said they felt better emotionally and physically after exercising with or without music. But their improvement on the test doubled after listening to music during exercise. Scientists have proved that music can be good for health and education. It helps reduce stress and sadness, encourage relaxation or sleep, wake up the body and improve memory and thoughts.

Scientists have been studying the results of exercise to music on learning and understanding since the early 1950s. A study showed that students who listened to Mozart's violin pieces and exercised went on to get higher marks in an IQ test. With important exams drawing near, your parents will not probably allow you to listen to music or play sports. But perhaps now you have good reasons to argue with them.

8.

根据短文理解选择正确答案。

      In Paris, one freezing winter evening, I was having dinner with my friend, Mr. Dupin, the famous detective. We had just finished our meal, when there was a loud knocking at the door. Dupin opened it. There stood Mr. Germain, the chief警长)of the Paris Police.

      We welcomed him warmly, for he was an old acquaintance(熟人)whom we hadn't seen for a great time.

      "I need your assistance," said Germain. "I met a case(案件)that has been giving me a great deal of trouble. It is very simple but very strange."

      “Also, please keep this secret. If anyone found out that I told you this. I would certainly lose my job.”

      “Well, then,” said the Chief,” I have learned that a very important letter has been stolen from the king. We are sure who stole it and that the letter is in his house."

      "But who would dare do such a thing" I cried.

      "The thief," said Germain softly, "He's a man who darers do many dangerous things. He is one of the most powerful and important ministers in the government. He is Minister Danton.”

      "A lot of times, while Minister Danton was out, a lot of well-trained police officers carefully searched the entire house, room by room. In fact, we examined everything in the house but found nothing."…

       A month later, Dupin asked Germain and me to his house. There he took out a letter and handed it to the Chief. We were both very surprised.

      Dupin explained, "I know Minister Danton very well. He could not hide the letter in any of the usual hiding places. I realized that he might have left the letter out in the open, right under everyone's nose, where no one would search for it."

      "Then I visited him with my dark glasses on to help me observe(观察)better. While we were chatting, a dirty, torn letter in the letter holder suddenly caught my eyes-unusual for the Minister, who is careful and neat."

      "I was sure it was the letter."

      "Then I purposely left my gloves behind so I could come back again."

"The next morning, I hired a man to fire a gun on the street, while the Minister went to see what happened, I stole the letter by replacing it with a similar one, On it Dupin wrote these words:

             Your plan was good, but mine was better

             As you can see, I took the letter.

                                      ----Based on a story by Edgar Allan Poe

3.多选题(共2题)

9.
小船从A码头出发,沿垂直于河岸的方向渡河,若小河宽为d,小船渡河速度v恒定,河水中各点水流速大小与各点到较近河岸边的距离成正比,v=kx,k为常数,x是各点到较近岸的距离,要使小船能够到达距正对岸为的B码头。则下列说法中正确的是()
A.小船渡河的速度
B.小船渡河的速度
C.小船渡河的时间为
D.小船渡河的时间为
10.
某探究学习小组的同学们欲探究“做功与物体动能变化的关系”,他们在实验室组装了一套如图所示的装置。该学习小组的同学想用砂和砂桶的重力作为滑块受到的合外力,探究滑块所受合外力做功与滑块动能变化的关系。为了实现这个想法,该小组成员提出了以下实验措施,你认为有效的是:(  )
A.保持砂和砂桶的质量远大于滑块质量
B.保持砂和砂桶的质量远小于滑块质量
C.保持长木板水平
D.把木板的左端垫起适当的高度以平衡摩擦力
E. 调整滑轮的高度使细线与长木板平行

4.解答题(共2题)

11.
如图所示,在匀速转动的圆盘上,沿半径方向放置以细线相连的质量均为mAB两个小物块。A离轴心r1=10 cm,B离轴心r2=40 cm,AB与圆盘面间相互作用的最大静摩擦力为其重力的0.4倍,取g=10 m/s2

(1)若细线上没有张力,圆盘转动的角速度ω应满足什么条件?
(2)欲使AB与圆盘面间不发生相对滑动,则圆盘转动的最大角速度多大?
(3)当圆盘转速达到AB刚好不滑动时,烧断细线,则AB将怎样运动?
12.
如图所示,长度为l的轻绳上端固定在O点,下端系一质量为m的小球(小球的大小可以忽略)。、

(1)在水平拉力F的作用下,轻绳与竖直方向的夹角为,小球保持静止,画出此时小球的受力图,并求力F的大小。
(2)由图示位置无初速度释放小球,求当小球通过最低点时的速度大小及轻绳对小球的拉力。不计空气阻力。

5.实验题(共1题)

13.
一同学要研究轻质弹簧的弹性势能与弹簧长度改变量的关系。实验装置如下图甲所示,在离地面高为h的光滑水平桌面上,沿着与桌子右边缘垂直的方向放置一轻质弹簧,其左端固定,右端与质量为m的小刚球接触。将小球向左压缩弹簧一段距离后由静止释放,使小球沿水平方向射出桌面,小球在空中飞行落到位于水平地面的记录纸上留下痕迹。
(1)若测得某次压缩弹簧释放后小球落点P痕迹到O点的距离为s,则释放小球前弹簧的弹性势能表达式为
(2)该同学改变弹簧的压缩量进行多次测量得到下表一组数据:
弹簧压缩量x/cm
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
小球飞行水平距离s/m
2.01
3.00
4.01
4.96
6.01
6.97
 
结合(1)问与表中数据,弹簧弹性势能与弹簧压缩量x之间的关系式应为
(3)完成实验后,该同学对上述装置进行了如下图乙所示的改变:(I)在木板表面先后钉上白纸和复写纸,并将木板竖直立于靠近桌子右边缘处,使小球向左压缩弹簧一段距离后由静止释放,撞到木板并在白纸上留下痕迹O;(II)将木板向右平移适当的距离固定,再使小球向左压缩弹簧一段距离后由静止释放,撞到木板上得到痕迹P;(III)用刻度尺测量纸上O点到P点的竖直距离为y。若已知木板与桌子右边缘的水平距离为L,则(II)步骤中弹簧的压缩量应该为
(4)若该同学在完成图乙实验的过程中,弹簧与桌子右边缘不垂直,用(3)问的方法计算得出的弹簧压缩量比实际 (选填“偏大”、“偏小”或“没有影响”)。
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(5道)

    选择题:(3道)

    多选题:(2道)

    解答题:(2道)

    实验题:(1道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:5

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:5

    9星难题:0