2016届北京市丰台区普通中学高三月考物理卷

适用年级:高三
试卷号:175095

试卷类型:月考
试卷考试时间:2017/7/20

1.单选题(共7题)

1.
如图,质量为m的小球,从离桌面高H处由静止下落,桌面离地面高为h,设桌面处物体重力势能为零,空气阻力不计,那么,小球落地时的机械能为()
A.mghB.mgHC.mg(H+h)D.mg(H﹣h)
2.
如图所示,物体从A处静止开始沿光滑斜面AO下滑,又在粗糙水平面上滑动,最终停在B处。已知A距水平面OB的高度为h,物体的质量为m,现将物体mB点沿原路送回至A处,至少需外力做功
A.B.C.D.
3.
下列说法正确的是()
A.物体没有功,则物体就没有能量
B.重力对物体做功,物体的重力势能一定减少
C.滑动摩擦力只能做负功
D.重力对物体做功,物体的重力势能可能增加
4.
汽车的额定功率为90kW,当水平路面的阻力为f时,汽车行驶的最大速度为v.则( )
A.如果阻力为2f,汽车最大速度为
B.如果汽车牵引力为原来的二倍,汽车的最大速度为2v
C.如果汽车的牵引力变为原来的,汽车的额定功率就变为45kW
D.如果汽车做匀速直线运动,汽车发动机的输出功率就是90kW
5.
如图所示,物体以120J的初动能从斜面底端向上运动,当它通过斜面某一点M时,其动能减少80J,机械能减少32J,如果物体能从斜面上返回底端,则物体到达底端的动能为( )
A.20JB.24JC.48JD.88J
6.
A、B两个物体的质量比为1:3,速度之比是3:1,那么它们的动能之比是()
A. 1:1    B. 1:3    C. 3:1    D. 9:1
7.
下面各个实例中,机械能守恒的是( )
A.物体沿斜面匀速下滑B.物体从高处以0.9g的加速度竖直下落
C.物体沿光滑曲面滑下D.拉着一个物体沿光滑的斜面匀速上升

2.选择题(共2题)

8.

如图,如果从半径为9cm的圆形纸片剪去{#mathml#}13{#/mathml#}圆周的一个扇形,将留下的扇形围成一个圆锥(接缝处不重叠),那么这个圆锥的高为   (      )

9.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。

 A. Make sure you match the job description

 B. Be conscious of good interview manners

 C. Put your interviewer at ease

 D. Plan before you pursue

 E. Dress to make a good first impression

 F. Do be sincere

    Attending an interview with the intent to impress the hiring manager is dangerous if you go about it in the wrong way. Below are some things you can do to maximize your chances of getting the job.

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    True, sometimes interviewers aren't prepared themselves, but that doesn't mean they'll forgive you for the same mistake. Developing and following a plan at the beginning of a job search has a significant impact on its success. Research the job thoroughly. Think about how your previous experience qualifies you and how it compares to the work on offer. Set "process goals" to keep you on track toward your larger career goals. "Process goals" aren't big-picture objectives. They're "roll up your sleeves and make it happen" objectives.

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    You can't think of any personal weaknesses, you’ve overcome all your weaknesses, or you say you haven't given it a lot of thought. Mistakes? Not you. No one progresses in a career without making mistakes and learning from them. Trained interviewers will be looking to see if you readily acknowledge and admit your weaknesses and can describe mistakes you’ve made and what you learned from them. Never give a measured response that sugarcoats reality to a tough interview question about your past.

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    If you were a 6-foot, 5-inch, 250-pound Frenchman with strong arms and a bushy beard, would you apply for the part of Little Orphan Annie on Broadway? How ridiculous that image is. If you don't have an accurate understanding of what the job is all about, your opinion of how well-matched you are will be based on an inaccurate foundation. For example, sales professionals are expected to possess excellent communication skills, time management and organization skills. Make sure you have a full job description from the employer so you can match your skills to the job's requirements.

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    The best way to ensure a good first impression is to dress smart. What is appropriate depends on the particular employer and job but, generally speaking, it is better to dress formally while remaining comfortable. If you are unsure what to wear, you should always go with the most conservative, professional option. What you are wearing tells employers a lot about how serious you are about getting the job. The more confident and polished you appear, the more likely you are to leave the interviewer with a positive impression of you.

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    Learn as much as you can about how the interview will be conducted. Employers are looking for the candidate with the best knowledge and experience, but rarely do they hire for work skills at the expense of social skills. If you lack self-awareness, it shows. And it doesn't look good. Be on time for your interview. Be aware of your body language. Even in the critical small talk before the interview, make eye contact with your interviewer to convey confidence when you're speaking, smile when it's appropriate, and look alert.

3.多选题(共2题)

10.
水平传送带匀速运动,速度大小为v,现将一小工件放到传送带上.设工件初速度为零,当它在传送带上滑动一段距离后速度达到v而与传送带保持相对静止.设工件质量为m,它与传送带间的滑动摩擦因数为μ,则在工件相对传送带滑动的过程中().
A.滑动摩擦力对工件做的功为 mv2
B.工件的机械能增量为 mv2
C.工件相对于传送带滑动的位移大小为
D.传送带对工件做功为零
11.
某人用手将1 kg的物体由静止向上提起1 m,这时物体的速度为2 m/s(g取10 m/s2),则下列说法正确的是(  )
A.手对物体做功12 JB.合力做功2 J
C.合力做功12 JD.物体克服重力做功10 J

4.填空题(共6题)

12.
汽车牵引着高射炮以36km/h的速度匀速前进,汽车发动机的输出功率为60kw,则汽车和高射炮在前进中所受的阻力为
13.
如图所示,绕过定滑轮的绳子,一端系一质量为10kg的物体A,另一端被人握住,最初绳沿竖直方向,手到滑轮距离为3m.之后人握住绳子向前运动,使物体A匀速上升,则在人向前运动4m的过程中,对物体A作的功___________.(绳的质量、绳与轮摩擦、空气阻力均不计)
14.
把质量为3.0kg的石块,从高30m的某处,以5.0m/s的速度向斜上方抛出,不计空气阻力,石块落地时的速率是 m/s;若石块在运动过程中克服空气阻力做了73.5J的功,石块落地时的速率又为 m/s.
15.
一个光滑斜面长为L高为h,一质量为m的物体从顶端静止开始下滑,当所用时间是滑到底端的时间的一半时,重力做功为 ,重力做功的即时功率为 ,重力做功的平均功率为    ,以斜面底端为零势能点,此时物体的动能和势能的比是
16.
具有某一速率v0的子弹(不计重力)恰好能垂直穿过四块叠放在一起的完全相同的固定木板,如果木板对子弹的阻力相同,则该子弹在射穿第一块木板时的速率为
17.
光滑的水平桌面离地面高度为2L,在桌边缘,一根长L的软绳,一半搁在水平桌面上,一半自然下垂于桌面下.放手后,绳子开始下落.试问,当绳子下端刚触地时,绳子的速度是    

5.解答题(共4题)

18.
汽车在水平直线公路上行驶,额定功率为Pe=80kW,汽车行驶过程中所受阻力恒为f=2.5×103N,汽车的质量M=2.0×103kg.若汽车从静止开始做匀加速直线运动,加速度的大小为a=1.0m/s2,汽车达到额定功率后,保持额定功率不变继续行驶.求:
(1)汽车在整个运动过程中所能达到的最大速度;
(2)匀加速运动能保持多长时间;
(3)当汽车的速度为5m/s时的瞬时功率;
(4)当汽车的速度为20m/s时的加速度.
19.
如图所示,将质量为3.5kg的小球水平抛出,空气阻力不计.

求:①抛出时人对球所做的功?
②抛出后0.2秒小球的动能?
20.
如图所示,mA=4kg,mB=1kg,A与桌面动摩擦因数μ=0.2,B与地面间的距离s=0.8m,A、B原来静止.

求:
(1)B落到地面时的速度?
(2)B落地后(不反弹),A在桌面上能继续滑行多远才能静止下来?(桌面足够长)(g取10m/s2
21.
质量均为m的物体A和B分别系在一根不计质量的细绳两端,绳子跨过固定在倾角为30°的斜面顶端的定滑轮上,斜面固定在水平地面上,开始时把物体B拉到斜面底端,这时物体A离地面的高度为0.8米,如图所示.若摩擦力均不计,从静止开始放手让它们运动.(斜面足够长,g取10m/s2)求:

(1)物体A着地时的速度;
(2)物体A着地后物体B沿斜面上滑的最大距离.

6.实验题(共1题)

22.
用打点计时器研究自由下落过程中的机械能守恒的实验中,量得纸带上从0点(纸带上打下的第一个点),到连续选取的1、2、3…之间的距离分别为h1,h2,h3…,打点计时器打点的周期为T,那么重物下落打下第n个点时的瞬时速度可以由vn=____来计算.重物运动到打下第n点时减小重力势能的表达式为_____.根据机械能守恒定律,在理论上应有_____mghn,实际上_____mghn
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(7道)

    选择题:(2道)

    多选题:(2道)

    填空题:(6道)

    解答题:(4道)

    实验题:(1道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:5

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:13

    9星难题:2