福建省南安市华侨中学2018-2019学年第一学期高二年级期中考物理试题

适用年级:高二
试卷号:174606

试卷类型:期中
试卷考试时间:2018/11/28

1.选择题(共2题)

1.

根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    To help the environment, many Americans have made the change from paper and plastic bags to reusable shopping bags.But a report by a Florida newspaper says that reusable shopping bags sold by some supermarkets have high levels of lead(铅), which can be dangerous to humans, especially young children.Now, there's a call for a rethink about the use of reusable shopping bags.

     “When our families go to the store looking for safe and healthy foods, the last thing they should be worrying about is a bag,”Charles Schumer, a government official said.“Quick and complete research will allow everyone to make right decisions.”

    The newspaper bought more than a dozen bags sold at Publix supermarkets from Florida supermarkets to test them for lead.The results showed that certain bags had lead levels that worried health officials.Some bags had enough lead in them to be considered dangerous waste if people were to throw the bags out with other rubbish.Lead in the bags is not likely to move onto food.But over time, paint (油漆) on the bags can break off and the bags can wear out.When this happens, lead can be freed.

    The affected (受影响的) bags were found in Florida.But Publix has more than 1,000 stores across America.Publix says that its bags don't break any laws about lead levels, but that they have asked the makers of the bags to reduce(降低) the lead levels in them.

    The bags with the highest levels of lead had beautiful designs and many pictures.Plain reusable bags without them are found to have little lead.People worried about lead levels in reusable bags can turn to cloth.Paper bags are also a good choice, since paper can be reused.

2.周末,小明到商场去买运动鞋,他站在商场匀速上楼的自动扶梯上,听到楼下传来同学小亮的呼喊声,但一时在人海中没有看到他…,下列描述中错误的是(   )

2.单选题(共5题)

3.
关于电场线的说法,正确的是( )
A.电场线的切线方向都和该处正电荷受电场力方向一致
B.正电荷只在电场力作用下一定沿电场线运动
C.最早提出用电场线描述电场的物理学家是库仑
D.静电场的电场线可以是闭合的
4.
如图所示,电场中有AB两点,则下列说法中正确的是(    )
A.电势,场强
B.电势,场强
C.将电荷从A点移到B点电势能增大
D.将电荷分别放在AB两点时具有的电势能
5.
关于点电荷的说法,下列正确的是
A.体积很大的带电体不能看成点电荷
B.物体带电量很小时,可以看作点电荷
C.点电荷的带电量都是1.6×10-19 C
D.是理想化的模型,大小和形状对作用力影响可忽略的带电体
6.
下列做法中,能使两个点电荷间的库仑力大小变为原来一半的是:(   )
A.不改变电荷间的距离,使每个电荷的电荷量都变为原来的一半
B.不改变两电荷的电荷量,使电荷间的距离变为原来的2倍
C.使一个电荷的电荷量加倍,同时使两电荷间的距离加倍
D.使两个电荷的电荷量和两电荷间的距离都增大到原来的2倍
7.
如图所示,在等量的异种点电荷形成的电场中,有A、B、C三点,A点为两点电荷连线的中点,B点为连线上距A点距离为d的一点,C为连线中垂线距A点距离也为d的一点,则下面关于三点电场强度的大小,电势高低的比较,正确的是

A.
B.
C.
D. 因为零电势点未规定,所以无法判断电势的高低

3.多选题(共3题)

8.
如图所示,带电平行金属板AB,板间的电势差为UA板带正电,B板中央有一小孔.一带正电的微粒,带电量为q,质量为m,自孔的正上方距板高h处自由落下,若微粒恰能落至AB板的正中央c点,则
A.微粒在下落过程中动能逐渐增加,重力势能逐渐减小
B.微粒下落过程中重力做功为mg(h+d/2),电场力做功为-Uq/2
C.微粒落入电场中,电势能逐渐增大,其增量为Uq/2
D.若微粒从距B板高2h处自由下落,则恰好能达到A板
9.
平行板电容器的两板AB接于电池两极,一个带正电小球悬挂在电容器内部,闭合电键S,电容器充电,这时悬线偏离竖直方向夹角为θ,如图所示,那么
A.保持电键S闭合,带正电的A板向B板靠近,则θ不变
B.保持电键S闭合,带正电的A板向B板靠近,则θ增大
C.电键S断开,带正电的A板向B板靠近,则θ不变
D.电键S断开,带正电的A板向B板靠近,则θ减小
10.
如图是某种静电矿料分选器的原理示意图,带电矿粉经漏斗落入水平匀强电场后,分落收集板中央的两侧.对矿粉分离的过程,下列表述正确的有(  )
A.带负电的矿粉落在左侧
B.电场力对矿粉做负功
C.带负电的矿粉电势能变小
D.带正电的矿粉电势能变小

4.填空题(共1题)

11.
某同学在测定金属圆柱体电阻率时需要先测量其尺寸,他分别使用游标卡尺和螺旋测微器测量圆柱体的长度和直径,某次测量的示数如图 (a)和如图 (b)所示,长度为________cm,直径为________mm

5.解答题(共2题)

12.
如图所示,水平绝缘轨道AB与处于竖直平面内的半圆形绝缘光滑轨道BC平滑连接,半圆形轨道的半径R=0.4m。轨道所在空间存在水平向右的匀强电场,电场强度E=1.0×104 N/C。现有一电荷量q=1.0×10—4 C,质量m=0.1kg的带电体(可视为质点),在水平轨道上的P点由静止释放,带电体运动到圆形轨道最低点B时的速度υB=5 m/s。已知带电体与水平轨道间的动摩擦因数为0.5,重力加速度g=10 m/s2。求:

(1)带电体运动到圆形轨道的最低点B时,圆形轨道对带电体支持力的大小;
(2)带电体在水平轨道上的释放点PB点的距离;
(3)带电体第一次经过C点后,落在水平轨道上的位置到B点的距离。
13.
如图为匀强电场中的一簇水平电场线,AB为电场中水平的两点,若在A点放一负电荷,电荷量为2.0×108 C,受电场力大小FA=5×105 N,方向向左.

(1)请在图中标出这一簇电场线的方向.
(2)求A点电场强度的大小.
(3) AB距离d=2cm,把这一负电荷从A移到B电势能的变化?
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    选择题:(2道)

    单选题:(5道)

    多选题:(3道)

    填空题:(1道)

    解答题:(2道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:1

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:4

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:5

    9星难题:1