江西省赣州市十四县(市)2018-2019学年高二上学期期中联考物理试题

适用年级:高二
试卷号:174605

试卷类型:期中
试卷考试时间:2018/11/16

1.选择题(共1题)

1.

根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    To help the environment, many Americans have made the change from paper and plastic bags to reusable shopping bags.But a report by a Florida newspaper says that reusable shopping bags sold by some supermarkets have high levels of lead(铅), which can be dangerous to humans, especially young children.Now, there's a call for a rethink about the use of reusable shopping bags.

     “When our families go to the store looking for safe and healthy foods, the last thing they should be worrying about is a bag,”Charles Schumer, a government official said.“Quick and complete research will allow everyone to make right decisions.”

    The newspaper bought more than a dozen bags sold at Publix supermarkets from Florida supermarkets to test them for lead.The results showed that certain bags had lead levels that worried health officials.Some bags had enough lead in them to be considered dangerous waste if people were to throw the bags out with other rubbish.Lead in the bags is not likely to move onto food.But over time, paint (油漆) on the bags can break off and the bags can wear out.When this happens, lead can be freed.

    The affected (受影响的) bags were found in Florida.But Publix has more than 1,000 stores across America.Publix says that its bags don't break any laws about lead levels, but that they have asked the makers of the bags to reduce(降低) the lead levels in them.

    The bags with the highest levels of lead had beautiful designs and many pictures.Plain reusable bags without them are found to have little lead.People worried about lead levels in reusable bags can turn to cloth.Paper bags are also a good choice, since paper can be reused.

2.单选题(共4题)

2.
如图甲所示,一条电场线与Ox轴重合,取O点电势为零,Ox方向上各点的电势随x变化的情况如图乙所示。若在O点由静止释放一电子,电子仅受电场力的作用,则(   )
A.电子将沿Ox轴负方向运动
B.电子的电势能将增大
C.电子运动的加速度恒定
D.电子运动的加速度先减小后增大
3.
如图甲所示,有一绝缘圆环,圆环上均匀分布着正电荷,圆环平面与竖直平面重合.一光滑细杆沿垂直圆环平面的轴线穿过圆环,细杆上套有一个质量为m=10 g的带正电的小球,小球所带电荷量q=5.0×10-4 C.小球从C点由静止释放,其沿细杆由CBA运动的v­t图象如图乙所示.小球运动到B点时,v­t图象的切线的斜率最大(图中标出了该切线).则下列说法错误的是(  )

A. 在O点右侧杆上,B点场强最大,场强大小为E=1.2 V/m
B. 由CA的过程中,小球的电势能先减小后增大
C. 由CA电势逐渐降低
D. CB两点间的电势差UCB=0.9 V
4.
关于库仑定律,下列说法中正确的是( )
A.库仑定律公式适用于点电荷,点电荷其实就是体积很小的带电球体
B.当两个电荷间的距离r→∞时,库仑定律的公式就不适用了
C.若点电荷q1的电荷量大于q2的电荷量,则q1对q2的电场力大于q2对q1电场力
D.静电力常数的数值是由实验得出的
5.
图中实线为一簇电场线,虚线是一带电粒子从电场中的A点运动到B点的运动轨迹。粒子只受电场力作用,下列说法正确的是( )
A.粒子带正电
B.粒子在A点的速度大于在B点的速度
C.粒子在A点的加速度小于在B点的加速度
D.粒子在A点的电势能大于在B点的的电势能

3.多选题(共1题)

6.
如图所示,在竖直平面内固定的圆形绝缘轨道的圆心为O,内壁光滑,AB两点分别是圆轨道的最低点和最高点。该区间存在方向水平向右的匀强电场,一质量为m、带负电的小球在轨道内侧做完整的圆周运动(电荷量不变),经过C点时速度最大,OC连线与竖直方向的夹角θ=60°,重力加速度为g。则下列说法正确的是(    )
A.小球受到的电场力
B.小球受到的电场力
C.小球经过B点时轨道对它的作用力最小
D.小球经过D点时轨道对它的作用力最小

4.解答题(共1题)

7.
如图所示,水平绝缘轨道AB与处于竖直平面内的半圆形绝缘光滑轨道BC平滑连接,半圆形轨道的半径R=0.4m。轨道所在空间存在水平向右的匀强电场,电场强度E=1.0×104 N/C。现有一电荷量q=1.0×10—4 C,质量m=0.1kg的带电体(可视为质点),在水平轨道上的P点由静止释放,带电体运动到圆形轨道最低点B时的速度υB=5 m/s。已知带电体与水平轨道间的动摩擦因数为0.5,重力加速度g=10 m/s2。求:

(1)带电体运动到圆形轨道的最低点B时,圆形轨道对带电体支持力的大小;
(2)带电体在水平轨道上的释放点PB点的距离;
(3)带电体第一次经过C点后,落在水平轨道上的位置到B点的距离。

5.实验题(共1题)

8.
如图甲所示电路中,电源电压8V左右。先使开关S与1端相连,电源向电解电容器充电,然后把开关S掷向2端,电容器通过电阻R放电,传感器将电流信息传入计算机,屏幕上显示出电流随时间变化的I-t曲线,如图乙所示,由此可估算电容器的电容为________F。
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    选择题:(1道)

    单选题:(4道)

    多选题:(1道)

    解答题:(1道)

    实验题:(1道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:5

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:1

    9星难题:1