2014届重庆市第八高级中学高三上学期第二次月考物理试卷(带解析)

适用年级:高三
试卷号:174544

试卷类型:月考
试卷考试时间:2017/7/19

1.单选题(共5题)

1.
如右图所示,一运送救灾物资的直升飞机沿水平方向匀速飞行.已知物资的总质量为m,吊运物资的悬索与竖直方向成θ角.设物资所受的空气阻力为F阻,悬索对物资的拉力为F,重力加速度为g,则( )
A.B.
C.F=mgcos θD.
2.
如图所示是某公园设计的一种惊险刺激的娱乐设施. 管道除点右侧水平部分粗糙外,其余部分均光滑. 若挑战者自斜管上足够高的位置滑下,将无能量损失的连续滑入第一个、第二个圆管形管道内部(圆管比圆管高).某次一挑战者自斜管上某处滑下,经过第一个圆管形管道内部最高位置时,对管壁恰好无压力.则这名挑战者
A.经过管道最高点时的机械能大于经过管道最低点时的机械能
B.经过管道最高点时的动能大于经过管道最低点时的动能
C.经过管道最高点时对管外侧壁有压力
D.不能经过管道的最高点
3.
如图所示,一位飞行员驾驶着一架飞机在竖直面内沿环线做匀速圆周飞行.飞机在环线最顶端完全倒挂的瞬间,飞行员自由的坐在座椅上,对安全带和座椅没有任何力的作用,则下列说法正确的是
A.飞机在环线最顶端的瞬间,飞行员处于失重状态
B.飞机在环线最底端的瞬间,飞行员处于失重状态
C.飞机在环线最左端的瞬间,飞行员处于平衡状态
D.飞机在环线最底端的瞬间,飞行员处于平衡状态
4.
2012年4月30日4时50分,我国在西昌卫星发射中心用“长征三号乙”运载火箭,成功发射两颗北斗导航卫星. 这是我国首次采用“一箭双星”方式发射两颗地球中高轨道卫星. 北斗卫星导航系统由静止轨道卫星(同步卫星)和中轨道卫星组成,中轨道卫星平均分布在倾角55°的三个平面上,轨道高度约21500km,静止轨道卫星的高度约为36000km. 下列说法中正确的是
A.在静止轨道上,卫星的质量越大其运行周期越小
B.静止轨道卫星的线速度小于中轨道卫星的线速度
C.中轨道卫星的周期一定大于24 h
D.中轨道卫星的线速度可能大于7.9km/s
5.
分子动理论较好地解释了物质的宏观热力学性质.据此可判断下列说法中错误的是
A.显微镜下观察到墨水中的小炭粒在不停的作无规则运动,这反映了液体分子运动的无规则性
B.分子间的相互作用力随着分子间距离的增大,一定先减小后增大
C.分子势能随着分子间距离的增大,可能先减小后增大
D.在真空、高温条件下,可以利用分子扩散向半导体材料掺入其它元素

2.选择题(共9题)

6.

Which of the following sentences is right?

7.

Which of the following sentences is right?

8.

用连词,介词或所给词的适当形式填空

9.

Having studied in a medical college for 5 years, Lucy __________ her job as a doctor in her hometown.

10.

阅读下面句子,在空白处填入模块五所学新单词的正确形式,使句子完整通顺。(该单词的首字母或中文意思已给出)

11.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。

    {#blank#}1{#/blank#} The Center for Injury Research and Policy at Nationwide Children's Hospital in Ohio did the study. It was published in the American Journal of Preventative Medicine. The study found a sixty-three percent increase in the number of people treated for rock climbing injuries in American hospitals.

    The study said forty thousand people were treated in emergency rooms. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} The ankle was the most common body part to be injured.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} The average age was twenty-six. Fifty-six percent of the injuries were to people twenty to thirty-nine years old. Women made up twenty-nine percent of the injured population. That is more than that in past rock climbing studies.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#} But many people think it is worth it. John Bachar said rock climbing felt like being on another planet. Dean Fidelman says it is a continual challenge and a beautiful form of movement. And, for Sarah Bowman, she has just started her way up the rocks.

    Dean Fidelman said that he believes a climber's ego(自我价值感) can be his worst enemy on a rock. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. Like many other sports, rock climbing can be dangerous.

B. Climbers in the study were from ages two to seventy-four.

C. The most common injuries were broken bones and sprains in legs and feet.

D. They try to move as silently up the wall as they can.

E. A recent study shows a sharp increase in rock climbing injuries between 1990 and 2007.

F. There's no other sport where you're really going up and down.

G. He said rock climbing is a high risk sport in which many people overestimate their abilities and underestimate the rock.

12.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。

    {#blank#}1{#/blank#} The Center for Injury Research and Policy at Nationwide Children's Hospital in Ohio did the study. It was published in the American Journal of Preventative Medicine. The study found a sixty-three percent increase in the number of people treated for rock climbing injuries in American hospitals.

    The study said forty thousand people were treated in emergency rooms. {#blank#}2{#/blank#} The ankle was the most common body part to be injured.

    {#blank#}3{#/blank#} The average age was twenty-six. Fifty-six percent of the injuries were to people twenty to thirty-nine years old. Women made up twenty-nine percent of the injured population. That is more than that in past rock climbing studies.

    {#blank#}4{#/blank#} But many people think it is worth it. John Bachar said rock climbing felt like being on another planet. Dean Fidelman says it is a continual challenge and a beautiful form of movement. And, for Sarah Bowman, she has just started her way up the rocks.

    Dean Fidelman said that he believes a climber's ego(自我价值感) can be his worst enemy on a rock. {#blank#}5{#/blank#}

A. Like many other sports, rock climbing can be dangerous.

B. Climbers in the study were from ages two to seventy-four.

C. The most common injuries were broken bones and sprains in legs and feet.

D. They try to move as silently up the wall as they can.

E. A recent study shows a sharp increase in rock climbing injuries between 1990 and 2007.

F. There's no other sport where you're really going up and down.

G. He said rock climbing is a high risk sport in which many people overestimate their abilities and underestimate the rock.

13.无论是在飞机或汽车上,还是在野外考察时,只要拥有手机大小的GPS信号接收机,你就能随时知道
14.无论是在飞机或汽车上,还是在野外考察时,只要拥有手机大小的GPS信号接收机,你就能随时知道

3.解答题(共3题)

15.
随着中国首艘航母“辽宁号”的下水,同学们对舰载机的起降产生了浓厚的兴趣. 从而编制了一道题目,请你阅读后求解.
(1)假设质量为的舰载机关闭发动机后在水平地面跑道上降落,触地瞬间的速度为,在跑道上滑行的图像见图.求舰载机滑行的最大距离和滑行时受到的阻力大小(忽略空气阻力);
(2)为了让上述关闭发动机的舰载机在有限长度的航母甲板上降落停下来,甲板上设置了阻拦索让飞机减速.图为该舰载机勾住阻拦索后某一时刻的情景,此时加速度大小为(1)中的4倍,阻拦索夹角.舰载机所受甲板阻力与(1)中阻力相同,求此时阻拦索承受的拉力的大小.(忽略空气阻力,阻拦索认为水平)
16.
如图所示,在同一竖直平面上, 质量为2m的小球静止在光滑斜面底部的压缩弹簧的顶端此时小球距斜面顶端的高度为.解除弹簧的锁定后,小球沿斜面向上运动.离开斜面后,达到最高点时(此时球的速度恰好水平)与静止悬挂在此处的小球发生弹性碰撞,碰撞后球刚好能摆到与悬点同一高度,球沿水平方向抛射落在水平面上的点, 点的投影的距离为.已知球质量为,悬绳长,视两球为质点,重力加速度为,不计空气阻力.求:

(1)球在两球碰撞后瞬间受到悬绳拉力的大小.
(2)球在两球碰撞前瞬间的速度大小.
(3)弹簧的弹力对球所做的功.
17.
如图所示,有两块大小不同的圆形薄板(厚度不计),质量M=,半径分别为,两板之间用一根长的轻绳将薄板中心相连结(未画出).开始时,两板水平放置并叠合在一起,静止于距离固定支架C高度处. 然后自由下落到C上,支架上有一半径为 ()的圆孔,圆孔与两薄板中心均在圆板中心轴线上. 薄板M与支架发生没有机械能损失的碰撞(碰撞时间极短). 碰撞后,两板即分离,直到轻绳绷紧.在轻绳绷紧的瞬间,两板立即具有共同速度.不计空气阻力,,求:

(1)从两板分离到轻绳绷紧经历的时间
(2)轻绳绷紧过程中系统损失的机械能

4.实验题(共1题)

18.
利用频闪照相和气垫导轨做“探究碰撞中的不变量”的实验,步骤如下:
①用天平测出滑块AB的质量分别为200g和300g;②安装好气垫导轨,调节气垫导轨的调节旋钮,使导轨水平;③向气垫导轨通入压缩空气;④把AB两滑块放到导轨上,并给他们一个初速度,同时开始闪光照相,闪光的时间间隔设定为Δt=0.2s, 照片如图所示:

结合实验过程和图像分析知:该图像是闪光4次摄得的照片,在这4次闪光的瞬间,AB两滑块均在0-80cm刻度范围内; 第一次闪光时,滑块A恰好通过x=55cm处,滑块B恰好通过x=70cm处; 碰撞后有一个物体处于静止状态。 设向右为正方向,试分析:
滑块碰撞时间发生在第一次闪光后_______s,碰撞前两滑块的质量与速度乘积之和是________kg•m/s,碰撞后两滑块的质量与速度乘积之和是_______kg•m/s。
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(5道)

    选择题:(9道)

    解答题:(3道)

    实验题:(1道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:7

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:1

    9星难题:1