河北省望都中学2016-2017学年高一5月月考物理试题

适用年级:高一
试卷号:173666

试卷类型:月考
试卷考试时间:2017/8/9

1.单选题(共8题)

1.
如图所示,现有两个完全相同的可视为质点的物块a、b从静止开始运动,a自由下落,b沿光滑的固定斜面下滑,最终它们都到达同一水平面上,空气阻力忽略不计,则(  )
A.a与b两物块运动位移和时间均相等
B.重力对a与b两物块所做的功相等
C.重力对a与b两物块所做功的平均功率相等
D.a与b两物块运动到水平面时,重力做功的瞬时功率相同
2.
课外活动时,王磊同学在40 s的时间内做了25个引体向上,王磊同学的体重大约为50 kg,每次引体向上大约升高0.5 m,试估算王磊同学克服重力做功的功率大约为(g取10 N/kg)(  )
A.100 WB.150 WC.200 WD.250 W
3.
设飞机在飞行中所受空气阻力与它的速度平方成正比,当飞机以速度v水平匀速飞行时,发动机的功率为P.若飞机以速度3v水平飞行时,发动机的功率为(    )
A.3PB.9PC.18PD.27P
4.
人在距地面h高处抛出一个质量为m的小球,落地时小球的速度为v,不计空气阻力,人对小球做功是:(   )
A.B.C.D.
5.
如图所示,一小球自A点由静止自由下落,到B点时与弹簧接触,到C点时弹簧被压缩到最短.若不计弹簧质量和空气阻力,在小球由A→B→C的过程中,且取地面为零势面,则()
A.小球从A→B的过程中机械能守恒;小球从B→C的过程中只有重力和弹力做功,所以机械能也守恒
B.小球在B点时动能最大
C.小球减少的机械能,等于弹簧弹性势能的增量
D.小球到达C点时动能为零,重力势能为零,弹簧的弹性势能最大
6.
如图所示,斜面AB、DB动摩擦因数相同.可视为质点的物体分别
沿AB、DB从斜面顶端由静止下滑到底端,下列说法正确的是

A. 物体沿斜面 DB滑动到底端时动能较大
B. 物体沿斜面 AB滑动到底端时动能较大
C. 物体沿斜面 DB滑动过程中克服摩擦力做的功较多
D. 物体沿斜面 AB滑动过程中克服摩擦力做的功较多
7.
物体由静止出发从光滑斜面顶端自由滑下,当所用时间是其由顶端下滑到底端所用时间的一半时,物体的动能与势能(以斜面底端为零势能参考平面)之比为( )
A.1∶4B.1∶3C.1∶2D.1∶1
8.
下面各个实例中,机械能守恒的是(   )
A.用一细绳吊着一个物体在竖直方向上上下运动过程中,以物体和地球组成系统
B.物体从高处以0.9g的加速度竖直下落
C.铅球运动员抛出的铅球从抛出到落地前的运动
D.拉着一个物体沿光滑的斜面匀速上升

2.选择题(共1题)

9.

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。

 A. Make sure you match the job description

 B. Be conscious of good interview manners

 C. Put your interviewer at ease

 D. Plan before you pursue

 E. Dress to make a good first impression

 F. Do be sincere

    Attending an interview with the intent to impress the hiring manager is dangerous if you go about it in the wrong way. Below are some things you can do to maximize your chances of getting the job.

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    True, sometimes interviewers aren't prepared themselves, but that doesn't mean they'll forgive you for the same mistake. Developing and following a plan at the beginning of a job search has a significant impact on its success. Research the job thoroughly. Think about how your previous experience qualifies you and how it compares to the work on offer. Set "process goals" to keep you on track toward your larger career goals. "Process goals" aren't big-picture objectives. They're "roll up your sleeves and make it happen" objectives.

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    You can't think of any personal weaknesses, you’ve overcome all your weaknesses, or you say you haven't given it a lot of thought. Mistakes? Not you. No one progresses in a career without making mistakes and learning from them. Trained interviewers will be looking to see if you readily acknowledge and admit your weaknesses and can describe mistakes you’ve made and what you learned from them. Never give a measured response that sugarcoats reality to a tough interview question about your past.

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    If you were a 6-foot, 5-inch, 250-pound Frenchman with strong arms and a bushy beard, would you apply for the part of Little Orphan Annie on Broadway? How ridiculous that image is. If you don't have an accurate understanding of what the job is all about, your opinion of how well-matched you are will be based on an inaccurate foundation. For example, sales professionals are expected to possess excellent communication skills, time management and organization skills. Make sure you have a full job description from the employer so you can match your skills to the job's requirements.

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    The best way to ensure a good first impression is to dress smart. What is appropriate depends on the particular employer and job but, generally speaking, it is better to dress formally while remaining comfortable. If you are unsure what to wear, you should always go with the most conservative, professional option. What you are wearing tells employers a lot about how serious you are about getting the job. The more confident and polished you appear, the more likely you are to leave the interviewer with a positive impression of you.

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    Learn as much as you can about how the interview will be conducted. Employers are looking for the candidate with the best knowledge and experience, but rarely do they hire for work skills at the expense of social skills. If you lack self-awareness, it shows. And it doesn't look good. Be on time for your interview. Be aware of your body language. Even in the critical small talk before the interview, make eye contact with your interviewer to convey confidence when you're speaking, smile when it's appropriate, and look alert.

3.多选题(共2题)

10.
如图所示,质量为M,长度为L的小车静止在光滑的水平面上,质量为m的小物块,放在小车的最左端,现用一水平力F作用在小物块上,小物块与小车之间的摩擦力为f,经过一段时间小车运动的位移为x,小物块刚好滑到小车的右端,则下列说法正确的是 (   )
A.此时物块的动能为F(x+L)
B.此时小车的动能为fx
C.这一过程中,物块和小车增加的机械能为Fx-fL
D.这一过程中,因摩擦而产生的热量为fL
11.
(多选)一质量为m的物体被人用手由静止竖直向上以加速度a匀加速提升h,关于此过程下列说法中正确的是(   )
A.提升过程中手对物体做功m(a+g)h
B.提升过程中合外力对物体做功mah
C.提升过程中物体的动能减小
D.提升过程中物体克服重力做功mgh

4.填空题(共1题)

12.
质量为0.2的小球竖直向下以6的速度落至水平地面,再以4的速度反向弹回,取竖直向上为正方向,则小球与地面碰撞前后的动量变化为__________.若小球与地面的作用时间为0.2,则小球受到地面的平均作用力大小为__________ (取).

5.解答题(共4题)

13.
质量为m=2kg的物体,在大小为40 N的水平恒力F作用下,从静止开始在光滑水平面上匀加速前进,(g取10 m/s2 )求:

(1)在第2s末,拉力做功的瞬时功率?
(2)在前2s内,拉力做功的平均功率?
14.
某兴趣小组对一辆自制遥控小车的性能进行研究,他们让这辆小车在水平的直轨道上由静止开始运动,并将小车运动的全过程记录下来,通过处理转化为vt图象,如图所示(除2~10 s时间段图象为曲线外,其余时间段图象均为直线),已知在小车运动的过程中,2 s后小车的功率P=9 W保持不变,小车的质量为1.0 kg,可认为在整个运动过程中小车所受到的阻力大小不变.求:
 
(1)小车所受到的阻力大小;
(2)小车在0~10 s内位移的大小x
15.
如图所示,物体在长1m的斜面顶端由静止下滑,然后进入由圆弧与斜面连接的水平面,(由斜面滑至平面时无能量损失)若物体与斜面及水平面的动摩擦因数均为0.5,斜面倾角为37°,取g=10m/s2,已知:sin37°=0.6,cos37°=0.8。求:

(1)物体到达斜面底端时的速度大小;
(2)物体能在水平面上滑行的距离。
16.
质量均为m的物体A和B分别系在一根不计质量的细绳两端,绳子跨过固定在倾角为30°的斜面顶端的定滑轮上,斜面固定在水平地面上,开始时把物体B拉到斜面底端,这时物体A离地面的高度为0.8米,如图所示.若摩擦力均不计,从静止开始放手让它们运动.(斜面足够长,g取10m/s2)求:

(1)物体A着地时的速度;
(2)物体A着地后物体B沿斜面上滑的最大距离.

6.实验题(共1题)

17.
在“验证机械能守恒定律”的实验中,已知打点计时器每隔T=0.02 s打一个点,当地的重力加速度为g=9.80 m/s2

(1)在实验器材选择上,除了打点计时器、纸带、复写纸、铁架台、纸带夹和重物外,还需要选择下列哪些器材?________(填字母代号)。
A.直流电源B.交流电源C.弹簧秤   
D.天平及砝码 E.毫米刻度尺 F.秒表

(2)若实验中选用的重物质量为1.00kg,重物在计数点O、B对应的运动过程中,重力势能的减少量=_______J,动能的增加量= ______ J。(计算结果保留三位有效数字)。
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(8道)

    选择题:(1道)

    多选题:(2道)

    填空题:(1道)

    解答题:(4道)

    实验题:(1道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:11

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:5

    9星难题:0