2013-2014学年江苏省泰州市姜堰区高一下学期期中考试物理试卷

适用年级:高一
试卷号:160095

试卷类型:期中
试卷考试时间:2017/7/19

1.选择题(共6题)

1.阅读理解

    Do you love Beats headphones, True Religion jeans, and UGG shoes? These are some of the most popular brands (牌子) around. They are also expensive. But some experts say they are not much better than cheaper brands.

    For example, Jim Wilcox works for Consumer Reports. He tested all kinds of headphones. He says that $80 Koss Pro headphones provide basically the same quality (质量) and comfort as Beats. So why do people pay twice or even 10 times as much for the hottest brands?

    Experts say it's because fashionable, expensive brands send a message. Brands say “I belong” or “I can afford it.”

    Some people think that expensive brand names are worth the price. They say that some designer clothes really are top quality and that they last longer than cheaper brands. Some teenagers choose to wear popular brands because these brands make them feel good about themselves.

    Alexandra Allam, 17, likes to buy brand-name products. “I'd rather spend the extra money to get something I know I'll be satisfied with,” she says. Her friend Emmy Swan agrees, saying “As long as you can afford it, it seems reasonable to buy what you want.” But not all teenagers agree. “Spending hundreds of dollars for designer sunglasses is stupid and unreasonable,” says Daniel Steinbrecher, 16. “It's fake (假的) happiness.”

    People who are against wearing expensive brand names say that many designer brands aren't any better. “It's wasteful to buy things just because they are popular,” says Edmund Williams, 15. “You'll feel better if you buy things because you like them. If you have extra money to spend, it would be better to give it to people in need.”

2.阅读理解

    Brian was a funny student. He loved watching comedies(喜剧) best and hoped to become a comedy actor one day.

    When he heard about the talent show to be held at this school, Brian decided to take part in. He had never acted on stage before, and he was very excited. But some students laughed at him. “You are not funny but silly,” Ken, one of his classmates, said to his face. “No one will like what you do,” another boy also said to him, loudly.

    Brian couldn't understand why they were so unkind to him. For a moment, he thought about giving up the show. But he remembered how much his friends liked his jokes, and also his teachers said he was very funny. So he decided to prepare for the show.

    Brian did a great job at the talent show. Everyone loved his performance, and he won the first prize! His teachers and friends were proud of him. Even so, Ken told Brian that he was not funny, and that he would never be successful. Brian didn't understand why Ken said so, but he realized that it had nothing to do with him. He confidently continued to work towards his goal.

    As the years went on, Brian met more people like Ken. “You'll do a terrible job,” they said to him. Luckily, most people encouraged him and some helped him to become even funnier. He got a lot of opportunities to perform in movies. He was even invited to appear on television. His fans thanked him because his comedies made them feel good when they were unhappy.

    Now Brian is a big comedy star! He is doing what he loves best. He never feels stressed like those unkind people, and he laughs all day long!

3.单词拼写(本所括号内所给汉语提示,写出单词的正确形式。)
4.已知 a =(1,cosx), b =( 13 ,sinx),x∈(0,π)
5.小李同学要画函数f(x)=Acos(ωx+φ)的图象,其中ω>0,|φ|< π2 ,小李同学用“五点法”列表,并填写了一些数据,如下表:

ωx+φ

0

         π2

π

       3π2

X

π8


       3π8



f(x)

3



0

3

6.小李同学要画函数f(x)=Acos(ωx+φ)的图象,其中ω>0,|φ|< π2 ,小李同学用“五点法”列表,并填写了一些数据,如下表:

ωx+φ

0

         π2

π

       3π2

X

π8


       3π8



f(x)

3



0

3

2.单选题(共5题)

7.
关于万有引力定律的数学表达式,下列说法中正确的是
A.公式中G为引力常量,是人为规定的
B.r趋近零时,万有引力趋于无穷大
C.ml对m2的万有引力与 m2对ml的万有引力总是大小相等,与ml、m2的大小无关
D.ml对m2的万有引力与 m2对ml的万有引力总是大小相等,方向相反,是一对平衡力
8.
质量为的汽车,启动后沿平直路面行驶,如果发动机的功率恒为,且行驶过程中受到的阻力大小一定,汽车速度能够达到的最大值为,那么当汽车的车速为时,汽车的瞬时加速度的大小为(  )
A.B.C.D.
9.
关于功,下列说法中正确的是
A.功只有大小而无方向,所以功是标量
B.力和位移都是矢量,所以功也是矢量
C.功有正功和负功,所以功是矢量
D.功的大小仅由力决定,力越大,做功越多
10.
姜堰城区某高一学生,清明节骑自行车赴溱湖风景区进行湿地调研,从学校校门出发到景区门口下车,他的运动可视为匀速运动,途中没有停留,该同学从6:30出发,8:00到达景区.已知所受阻力为车和人总重量的0.1倍.请你估算一下,他骑自行车从学校到溱湖风景区所做功与下面四个数值中的哪一个最接近
A.2.0 × 102 JB.2.0 × 105 J
C.2.0 × 106 JD.2.0 × 108 J
11.
如图所示,桌面离地高度为h=1m,质量为1kg的小球,从离桌面H=2m高处由静止下落.若以桌面为参考平面,则小球落地时的重力势能及整个过程中小球重力做功分别为 (g=10m/s2
A.10J,10JB.10J,30J
C.-10J,10JD.-10J,30J

3.多选题(共4题)

12.
在某转弯处,规定火车行驶的速率为v0.火车通过此处,下列有关说法中正确的是
A.当火车以速率v0行驶时,火车的重力与支持力的合力方向一定沿水平方向
B.当火车的速率v>v0时,火车对外轨有向外的侧向压力
C.当火车的速率v>v0时,火车对内轨有向内的挤压力
D.当火车的速率v<v0时,火车对内轨有向内侧的压力
13.
在匀速圆周运动中,下列关于向心加速度的说法正确的是
A.向心加速度的方向始终指向圆心,因此其方向保持不变
B.向心加速度的方向始终指向圆心,其大小保持不变
C.向心加速度时刻在变化,因此匀速圆周运动是加速度变化的运动
D.向心加速度所描述的是角速度变化的快慢
14.
经长期观测人们在宇宙中已经发现了“双星系统”。“双星系统” 由两颗相距较近的恒星组成,每个恒星的线度远小于两个星体之间的距离,而且双星系统一般远离其他天体。如图,两颗星球组成的双星,在相互之间的万有引力作用下,绕连线上的O点做周期相同的匀速圆周运动。现测得两颗星之间的距离为L,质量之比为m1∶m2 =2∶3,则可知( )
A.m1、m2做圆周运动的线速度之比为2∶3
B.m1、m2做圆周运动的角速度之比为1∶1
C.m1做圆周运动的半径为L
D.m2做圆周运动的半径为L
15.
已知引力常量G和下列各组数据,能计算出地球质量的是
A.地球绕太阳运行的周期T及地球离太阳的距离r
B.月球绕地球运行的周期T及月球离地球的距离r
C.人造地球卫星在地面附近绕行的速度v及运行周期T
D.已知地球表面重力加速度g(不考虑地球自转)

4.解答题(共3题)

16.
我国首次执行载人航天飞行的“神舟”六号飞船于2005年10月12日在中国酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空,由“长征—2F”运载火箭将飞船送入近地点为A、远地点为B的椭圆轨道上.近地点A距地面高度为h1.实施变轨后,进入预定圆轨道,如图所示.在预定圆轨道上飞行n圈所用时间为t,之后返回.已知引力常量为G,地球表面重力加速度为g,地球半径为R,求:

(1)飞船在预定圆轨道上运动的周期为多大?
(2)预定圆轨道距地面的高度为多大?
(3)飞船在近地点A的加速度为多大?
17.
质量为m=1kg的小球,从离水平面地面h=20m高处以v0=20m/s的速度水平抛出,不计空气阻力 (g=10m/s2).求:
(1)从抛出到落地的整个过程中重力所做的功;
(2)从抛出到落地的整个过程中重力做功的平均功率;
(3)落地瞬间重力做功的瞬时功率;
18.
如图,一质量为m=10kg的物体,由圆弧轨道上端从静止开始下滑,到达底端时的速度v=2m/s,然后沿水平面向右滑动1m距离后停止.已知轨道半径R=0.4mg=10m/s2,则:

(1)物体滑至圆弧底端时对轨道的压力是多大?
(2)物体与水平面间的动摩擦因数μ是多少?
(3)物体沿圆弧轨道下滑过程中摩擦力做多少功?
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    选择题:(6道)

    单选题:(5道)

    多选题:(4道)

    解答题:(3道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:9

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:3

    9星难题:0