2017年秋高一物理人教版必修 1同步习题:2.1实验:探究小车速度随时间变化的规律

适用年级:高一
试卷号:101949

试卷类型:课时练习
试卷考试时间:2017/10/6

1.单选题(共1题)

1.
某同学在“探究小车速度随时间变化的规律”实验中,利用纸带上的数据得出各计数点的瞬时速度并以速度v为纵轴、以时间t为横轴建立直角坐标系.该同学在直角坐标系上一共描出了10个点,如图所示.下列说法中正确的是    (  )

这10个点无论如何也不在一条直线上,因此小车运动的v-t图像不可能为一条直线,而应为一条平滑的曲线
这10个点中有8个点虽然不在一条直线上,但它们紧挨在一条直线附近,只有FB两点离这条直线太远,图像可能为一条直线
在10个点当中只有4个点能画在一条直线上(ADGI),有6个点不在该直线上,这条直线肯定不能表示小车运动的规律
与直线偏离较小的点(CEHJ)可能是实验误差造成的,而与直线偏离较大的点(BF)则可能是实验中出现错误造成的
A.①③B.②④C.①②D.③④

2.选择题(共2题)

2.

阅读理解

       One day, a college student was taking a walk with a professor.As they went along, they saw lying in the path a pair of old shoes.They supposed the shoes belonged to a poor man who was employed in a field close by, and who had nearly finished his day's work.

      The student turned to the professor, saying, “ Let us play the man a trick: we will hide his shoes, and hide ourselves behind those bushes, and wait to see his confusion when he cannot find them”.

    “My young friend,” answered the professor, “we should never amuse ourselves at the expense of the poor.But you are rich, and may give yourself a much greater pleasure by tricking on the poor man.Put a coin into each shoe, and then we will hide ourselves and watch how the discovery affects him.”

       The student did so, and they both placed themselves behind the bushes close by.The poor man soon finished his work, and came across the field to the path where he had left his coat and shoes.After he slipped his foot into one of his shoes, he felt something hard.He bent down to feel what it was, and found the coin.Astonishment and wonder were seen on his face.He fixed his eyes on the coin, turned it round, and looked at it again and again.He then looked around him on all sides, but no person was to be seen.He now put the money into his pocket, and continued to put on the other shoe; but his surprise was doubled on finding the other coin.His feelings overcame him.He fell upon his knees, looked up to heaven and cried a sincere thanksgiving, in which he spoke of his wife, sick and helpless, and his children without bread. He said the help would save them from dying.

      The student stood there, deeply affected, and his eyes filled with tears.“Now,” said the professor, “are you not much better pleased than if you had played your intended trick?”

      The youth replied, “You have taught me a lesson which I will never forget.”

3.

阅读理解

       One day, a college student was taking a walk with a professor.As they went along, they saw lying in the path a pair of old shoes.They supposed the shoes belonged to a poor man who was employed in a field close by, and who had nearly finished his day's work.

      The student turned to the professor, saying, “ Let us play the man a trick: we will hide his shoes, and hide ourselves behind those bushes, and wait to see his confusion when he cannot find them”.

    “My young friend,” answered the professor, “we should never amuse ourselves at the expense of the poor.But you are rich, and may give yourself a much greater pleasure by tricking on the poor man.Put a coin into each shoe, and then we will hide ourselves and watch how the discovery affects him.”

       The student did so, and they both placed themselves behind the bushes close by.The poor man soon finished his work, and came across the field to the path where he had left his coat and shoes.After he slipped his foot into one of his shoes, he felt something hard.He bent down to feel what it was, and found the coin.Astonishment and wonder were seen on his face.He fixed his eyes on the coin, turned it round, and looked at it again and again.He then looked around him on all sides, but no person was to be seen.He now put the money into his pocket, and continued to put on the other shoe; but his surprise was doubled on finding the other coin.His feelings overcame him.He fell upon his knees, looked up to heaven and cried a sincere thanksgiving, in which he spoke of his wife, sick and helpless, and his children without bread. He said the help would save them from dying.

      The student stood there, deeply affected, and his eyes filled with tears.“Now,” said the professor, “are you not much better pleased than if you had played your intended trick?”

      The youth replied, “You have taught me a lesson which I will never forget.”

3.实验题(共9题)

4.
在“探究小车速度随时间变化的规律”的实验中,得到如下图所示的纸带,其中ABCDEFG为计数点,相邻两计数点间的时间间隔为Tx1x2x3x4x5x6分别为ABBCCDDEEFFG间的位移,下列可用来计算打D点时小车速度的表达式是(  )

A. B.
C.   D.
5.
下图是一辆连有纸带的小车做匀变速直线运动时,打点计时器所打的纸带的一部分,打点频率为50 Hz,图中ABCDEF…是按时间顺序先后确定的计数点(每两个计数点间有四个实验点未画出)用刻度尺量出ABDE之间的距离分别是2.40 cm和0.84 cm,那么小车的加速度大小是______________m/s2,若当时电网中交变电流的频率变为60 Hz,但该同学并不知道,那么做实验的这个同学测得的物体加速度的测量值与实际值相比是____________________.(选填“偏大”、“偏小”或“不变”)
6.
(多选)在做“探究小车速度随时间变化的规律”实验时,根据打点计时器打出的纸带,我们可以不利用公式计算就能直接得到的物理量是(  )
A.时间间隔B.瞬时速度
C.加速度D.某段时间内的位移
7.
如图所示为某次实验中打出的一条经过处理后的纸带,图中O为小车运动的起始点,A为所选取的第一个计数点,O点到A点之间有部分点不清晰,相邻两个计数点之间有4个点未画出,电源频率为50 Hz,用毫米刻度尺测量后可直接算出(  )
A.从O点到F点运动的时间
B.从A点到F点运动的平均速度
C.C点的瞬时速度vC
D.G点的瞬时速度vG
8.
采用下列哪些措施,有利于减小因纸带受到的摩擦而产生的误差(  )
A.改用直流6 V电源
B.电源电压越低越好
C.使用平整不卷曲的纸带
D.使物体的运动方向与纸带在一条直线上
9.
在使用电磁打点计时器时,有时发现电磁打点计时器的打点周期不稳定,其原因可能是(  )
A.交流电源的电压不稳定
B.交流电源的频率不稳定
C.永久磁铁的磁性太弱
D.小车运动时快时慢
10.
关于坐标系,下列说法中正确的是(  )
A.建立坐标系,是为了定量地描述物体的位置及位置的变化
B.在建立坐标系时只需要确定正方向即可,与规定的正方向同向为正,与规定的正方向反向则为负
C.只能在水平方向建立直线坐标系
D.建立好直线坐标系后,可以用(xy)表示物体的位置
11.
如图所示是小球沿斜面滚下的频闪照片,照片中每两个相邻小球像的时间间隔是0.1 s,这样便记录了小球运动的时间.设开始时的位置为0,依次为位置1、2、3、4、5,小球运动的位移可以用刻度尺测量.小球在位置1、2、3、4的速度分别最接近________m/s、________m/s、________m/s、________m/s,小球滚下过程的加速度为________m/s2.(小数点后保留两位数字)
12.
在“探究小车速度随时间变化的规律”的实验中,打点计时器使用的交变电流的频率为50Hz,记录小车做匀变速运动的纸带如图所示.在纸带上选择标为0~5的六个计数点,相邻的两个计数点之间还有四个点没有画出.纸带旁并排放着带有最小刻度为毫米的刻度尺,零点跟“0”计数点对齐.
【小题1】由图可以读出1、3、5三个计数点跟“0”点的距离为d1d2d3,请将测量值填入表中__________.(结果保留两位小数)

【小题2】小车打计数点“2”时的速度大小为________m/s,打计数点“4”时的速度大小为________m/s,小车的加速度大小是________ m/s2.
试卷分析
  • 【1】题量占比

    单选题:(1道)

    选择题:(2道)

    实验题:(9道)

  • 【2】:难度分析

    1星难题:0

    2星难题:0

    3星难题:0

    4星难题:0

    5星难题:0

    6星难题:8

    7星难题:0

    8星难题:2

    9星难题:0